软质防弹衣可有效拦截常规手枪弹和低速破片,是警察等执法人员的主要防护装备。为研究某超高分子量聚乙烯(UHMWPE)软质防弹衣在枪弹冲击下的动态力学响应,使用三维数字图像相关技术(three-dimensional digital image correlation,3D-DIC...软质防弹衣可有效拦截常规手枪弹和低速破片,是警察等执法人员的主要防护装备。为研究某超高分子量聚乙烯(UHMWPE)软质防弹衣在枪弹冲击下的动态力学响应,使用三维数字图像相关技术(three-dimensional digital image correlation,3D-DIC)进行了9 mm手枪弹侵彻软质防弹衣试验。试验获得了软质防弹衣背后鼓包(back face signature,BFS)的变形场、速度场和应变场等数据。结果表明:软质防弹衣在受子弹撞击后1 000μs内BFS高度急剧增加,达到了34.2 mm;随后增长变缓,约在3 000μs时BFS高度达到最大值60.2 mm;BFS形状由最初的四棱锥形变为最后的“金字塔形”;BFS速度在受撞击后200μs内迅速增长,达到最大值约为126.3 m/s,随后缓慢下降并趋向于0;防弹衣背后vonmises应变场分为4个L型区域,应变最大值出现在“L”的拐点处,400μs时防弹衣的最大vonmises应变为0.27。最后,采用改进的Gauss函数对不同时刻的BFS轮廓进行了曲面拟合,为快速估算任意时刻BFS形状提供了一种有效技术手段。展开更多
Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene(UHMWPE)fiber composite has been extensively used to construct lightweight protective structures against ballistic impacts,yet little is known about its performance when subject...Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene(UHMWPE)fiber composite has been extensively used to construct lightweight protective structures against ballistic impacts,yet little is known about its performance when subjected to combined blast and fragment impacts.Built upon a recently developed laboratory-scale experimental technique to generate simulated combined loading through the impact of a fragment-foam composite projectile launched from a light gas gun,the dynamic responses of fullyclamped UHMWPE plates subjected to combined loading were characterized experimentally,with corresponding deformation and failure modes compared with those measured with simulated blast loading alone.Subsequently,to explore the underlying physical mechanisms,three-dimensional(3D)numerical simulations with the method of finite elements(FE)were systematically carried out.Numerical predictions compared favorably well with experimental measurements,thus validating the feasibility of the established FE model.Relative to the case of blast loading alone,combined blast and fragment loading led to larger maximum deflections of clamped UHMWPE plates.The position of the FSP in the foam sabot affected significantly the performance of a UHMWPE target,either enhancing or decreasing its ballistic resistance.When the blast loading and fragment impact arrived simultaneously at the target,its ballistic resistance was superior to that achieved when subjected to fragment impact alone,and benefited from the accelerated movement of the target due to simultaneous blast loading.展开更多
对防弹插板在高速冲击下的动态力学响应进行研究,不仅可为新型单兵防弹护装备研发提供指导,也可为高性能穿甲枪弹设计提供参考。首先建立了5.56 mm SS109步枪弹侵彻NIJⅢ级SiC/UHMWPE防弹插板的数值模型,采用JHB(Johnson-Holmquist-Beis...对防弹插板在高速冲击下的动态力学响应进行研究,不仅可为新型单兵防弹护装备研发提供指导,也可为高性能穿甲枪弹设计提供参考。首先建立了5.56 mm SS109步枪弹侵彻NIJⅢ级SiC/UHMWPE防弹插板的数值模型,采用JHB(Johnson-Holmquist-Beissel)本构和基于ABAQUS较件二次开发的VUMAT本构分别模拟SiC陶瓷和UHMWPE层合板,通过与基于3D-DIC的防弹插板试验结果对比验证了数值模型的准确性,获得了防弹插板背面变形(back face deformation,BFD)的动态响应过程,并开展了弹丸斜侵彻防弹插板的研究。仿真结果表明:弹丸在侵彻防弹插板40μs后速度从810m/s衰减至218 m/s,防弹插板与弹丸接触的陶瓷块严重碎裂;弹丸仅穿透了两层UHMWPE等效层,UHMWPE层合板弹着点区域产生纤维和基体损伤及分层,到700μs时BFD达到最大,为18.72 mm;防弹插板背面剪应变以弹着点为中心呈“L形”分布,UHMWPE层合板等效应力场呈“菱形”分布,且中间层等效应力水平最高。当弹丸以30°和45°角入射时,防弹插板的BFD峰值分别为11.59 mm和6.84 mm,比垂直入射时分别减小38.09%和64.46%。展开更多
By adopting a homemade extension apparatus and wide-angle X-ray diffraction(WAXD)technique,the structural evolutions of the extracted ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene(UHMWPE)fibers with different spinning draw...By adopting a homemade extension apparatus and wide-angle X-ray diffraction(WAXD)technique,the structural evolutions of the extracted ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene(UHMWPE)fibers with different spinning draw ratios were investigated during the poststretching process.Molecular chains oriented along the axis quickly at the early stage of drawing,which is quite different from the situation of drawing with solvents.The crystal regions,which have not melted at higher temperature,show stronger rigidity in the absence of solvents.Rigid characteristics show faster response to the external field.Also,the surface morphologies of fibers after poststretching are characterized by scanning electron microscopy(SEM).The lamellae stack disordered before stretching,but arranged in order along the draw direction when the draw ratios were larger than 1.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12032010,11902155 and 12072250)by the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(Grant No.BK20190382)+2 种基金by the Research Fund of State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures(Grant No.MCMS-I-0222K01)by the Fund of Prospective Layout of Scientific Research for NUAAby the Foundation for the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions。
文摘Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene(UHMWPE)fiber composite has been extensively used to construct lightweight protective structures against ballistic impacts,yet little is known about its performance when subjected to combined blast and fragment impacts.Built upon a recently developed laboratory-scale experimental technique to generate simulated combined loading through the impact of a fragment-foam composite projectile launched from a light gas gun,the dynamic responses of fullyclamped UHMWPE plates subjected to combined loading were characterized experimentally,with corresponding deformation and failure modes compared with those measured with simulated blast loading alone.Subsequently,to explore the underlying physical mechanisms,three-dimensional(3D)numerical simulations with the method of finite elements(FE)were systematically carried out.Numerical predictions compared favorably well with experimental measurements,thus validating the feasibility of the established FE model.Relative to the case of blast loading alone,combined blast and fragment loading led to larger maximum deflections of clamped UHMWPE plates.The position of the FSP in the foam sabot affected significantly the performance of a UHMWPE target,either enhancing or decreasing its ballistic resistance.When the blast loading and fragment impact arrived simultaneously at the target,its ballistic resistance was superior to that achieved when subjected to fragment impact alone,and benefited from the accelerated movement of the target due to simultaneous blast loading.
文摘对防弹插板在高速冲击下的动态力学响应进行研究,不仅可为新型单兵防弹护装备研发提供指导,也可为高性能穿甲枪弹设计提供参考。首先建立了5.56 mm SS109步枪弹侵彻NIJⅢ级SiC/UHMWPE防弹插板的数值模型,采用JHB(Johnson-Holmquist-Beissel)本构和基于ABAQUS较件二次开发的VUMAT本构分别模拟SiC陶瓷和UHMWPE层合板,通过与基于3D-DIC的防弹插板试验结果对比验证了数值模型的准确性,获得了防弹插板背面变形(back face deformation,BFD)的动态响应过程,并开展了弹丸斜侵彻防弹插板的研究。仿真结果表明:弹丸在侵彻防弹插板40μs后速度从810m/s衰减至218 m/s,防弹插板与弹丸接触的陶瓷块严重碎裂;弹丸仅穿透了两层UHMWPE等效层,UHMWPE层合板弹着点区域产生纤维和基体损伤及分层,到700μs时BFD达到最大,为18.72 mm;防弹插板背面剪应变以弹着点为中心呈“L形”分布,UHMWPE层合板等效应力场呈“菱形”分布,且中间层等效应力水平最高。当弹丸以30°和45°角入射时,防弹插板的BFD峰值分别为11.59 mm和6.84 mm,比垂直入射时分别减小38.09%和64.46%。
基金Founded by the PhD Foundation of Anhui Jianzhu University (2018QD59)the Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Ed ucation Department (Nos.KJ2021A0624,KJ2019JD18,and KJ2019A0774)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.51903002,51703218,and 51633009)the Anhui Provincial Science and Technology Major Projects (Nos.17030901101 and 201903a05020027)。
文摘By adopting a homemade extension apparatus and wide-angle X-ray diffraction(WAXD)technique,the structural evolutions of the extracted ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene(UHMWPE)fibers with different spinning draw ratios were investigated during the poststretching process.Molecular chains oriented along the axis quickly at the early stage of drawing,which is quite different from the situation of drawing with solvents.The crystal regions,which have not melted at higher temperature,show stronger rigidity in the absence of solvents.Rigid characteristics show faster response to the external field.Also,the surface morphologies of fibers after poststretching are characterized by scanning electron microscopy(SEM).The lamellae stack disordered before stretching,but arranged in order along the draw direction when the draw ratios were larger than 1.
