Active phase morphology engineering of NiMo/Al2O3 through La introduction for boosting hydrodesulfurization of 4,6-DMDBT

Herein,we designed and constructed a mesoporous LaAlOx via a solvent evaporation induced self-assembly protocol.The structure and physicochemical property of the corresponding NiMo supported catalyst was analyzed by a set of characterizations,and its catalytic activity was investigated for hydrodesulfurization(HDS)of 4,6-dimethyldibenzothiophene.It has confirmed that the incorporation of La profoundly facilitate the generation of“Type II”NiMoS phase by weakening the interaction of Mo–O–Al leakage and promoting the sulfidation of both Ni and Mo oxides as well as changing the morphology of Ni promoted MoS2 slabs,thereafter boosting the HDS performance substantially.The finding here may contribute to the fundamental understanding of structure-activity in ultra-deep desulfurization and inspire the advancement of highly-efficient HDS catalyst in future.

Ni-_2P-MoS_2/γ-Al_2O_3 Catalyst for Deep Hydrodesulfurization via the Hydrogenation Reaction Pathway

A series of highly active Ni2P-Mo S2/γ-Al2O3 catalysts were prepared and characterized, the catalytic performance of which was evaluated through hydrodesulfurization of dibenzothiophene. The result indicated that when the amount of Ni2 P was 4%, the catalyst showed a relatively high activity to provide a reliable reference for the hydrodesulfurization pathway in comparison with the conventional Ni Mo and Ni Mo P catalysts. The physicochemical properties of the catalysts were correlated with their catalytic activity and selectivity on hydrodesulfurization. The stacking number of active Mo S2 phases was important for influencing the hydrogenation activity.

The surface properties of aluminated meso–macroporous silica and its catalytic performance as hydrodesulfurization catalyst support

Aluminated mesoporous silica was prepared by multiple post-grafting of alumina onto uniform mesoporous SiO2 ,which was assembled from monodisperse SiO2 microspheres.Hydrodesulfurization（HDS）catalyst was prepared by loading Ni and Mo active components onto the aluminated uniform mesoporous SiO2 ,and its HDS catalytic performance was evaluated using hydrodesulfurization of dibenzothiophene as the probe reaction at 300℃ and 6.0 MPa in a tubular reactor.The samples were characterized by N2 physisorption,scanning electronic microscopy,Fourier transform infrared spectrum,X-ray diffraction（XRD）,temperature-programmed desorption of ammonia（NH3-TPD）,^27Al nuclear magnetic resonance（^27Al-NMR）and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy（HRTEM）.The results showed that the Si–OH group content of SiO2 was mainly dependent on the pretreatment conditions and had significant influence on the activity of the Ni Mo catalyst.The surface properties of the aluminated SiO2 varied with the Al2O3-grafting cycles.Generally after four cycles of grafting,the aluminated SiO2 behaved like amorphous alumina.In addition,plotting of activity of Ni Mo catalysts supported on aluminated meso–macroporous silica materials against the Al2O3-grafting cycle yields a volcano curve.

Effects of pore size,mesostructure and aluminum modification on FDU-12 supported NiMo catalysts for hydrodesulfurization

A series of NiMo/FDU-12 catalysts with tunable pore diameters and mesostructures have been controllably synthesized by adjusting the synthetic hydrothermal temperature and applied for the hydrodesulfurization of dibenzothiophene and its derivative.The state-of-the-art electron tomography revealed that the pore sizes of FDU-12 supports were enlarged with the increase in the hydrothermal temperature and the mesostructures were transformed from ordered cage-type pores to locally disordered channels.Meanwhile,the MoS2 morphology altered from small straight bar to semibending arc to spherical shape and finally to larger straight bar with the change of support structures.Among them,FDU-12 hydrothermally treated at 150℃possessed appropriate pore diameter and connected pore structure and was favorable for the formation of highly active MoS2 with curved morphology;thus,its corresponding catalyst exhibited the best HDS activity.Furthermore,it was indicated that the isomerization pathway could be significantly improved for HDS of 4,6-dimethyldibenzothiophene after the addition of aluminum,which was expected to be applied to the removal of the macromolecular sulfur compounds.Our study sheds lights on the relationship between support effect,active sites morphology and HDS performance,and also provides a guidance for the development of highly active HDS catalysts.

Optimization of dendritic TS-1/Silica micro–mesoporous composites for efficient hydrodesulfurization of dibenzothiophene and 4,6-dimethyldibenzothiophene

A novel composite material(TD)composed of TS-1 microcrystalline and dendritic mesoporous silica nanospheres(DMSNs)was successfully prepared.The TD composite material had open pore structure and large specific surface area,which was conducive to the mass transfer of reactants and products.The Ti element in TS-1 could be used as an electron assistant,and the spillover d-electrons were conducive to the improvement of the sulfidation and dispersion of MoS_(2),thereby forming more type II MoS_(2) active phases.The incorporation of Ti could bring more Brønsted(B)and Lewis(L)acid,which was conducive to the hydrogenation pathway(HYD)selectivity(41.2%)of dibenzothiophene(DBT)hydrodesulfurization(HDS)and isomerization(ISO)route selectivity(21.9%)of 4,6-dimethyldibenzothiophene(4,6-DMDBT)HDS,thus improve the HDS activity of DBT and 4,6-DMDBT.NiMo/TD-70(Aging temperature=70℃)had the best HDS activities of DBT(99.0%)and 4,6-DMDBT(93.7%)due to its large open pore structure,good acidity,suitable metal-support interaction(MSI)and perfect dispersion of the metallic active sites.

Coupling non-isothermal trickle-bed reactor with catalyst pellet models to understand the reaction and diffusion in gas oil hydrodesulfurization

In this work,a trickle-bed reactor coupled with catalyst pellet model is employed to understand the effects of the temperature and catalyst pellet structures on the reaction-diffusion behaviors in gas oil hydrodesulfurization(HDS).The non-isothermal reactor model is determined to be reasonable due to non-negligible temperature variation caused by the reaction heat.The reaction rate along the reactor is mainly dominated by the temperature,and the sulfur concentration gradient in the catalyst pellet decreases gradually along the reactor,leading to the increased internal effectiveness factor.For the fixed catalyst bed volume,there exists a compromise between the catalyst reaction rate and effectiveness factor.Under commonly studied catalyst pellet size of 0.8-3 mm and porosity of 0.4-0.8,an optimization of the temperature and catalyst pellet structures is carried out,and the optimized outlet sulfur content decreases to 7.6 wppm better than the commercial level at 0.96 mm of the catalyst pellet size and 0.40 of the catalyst porosity.

Synthesis of alumina-nitrogen-doped carbon support for CoMo catalysts in hydrodesulfurization process

More stringent environmental legislation imposes severe requirements to reduce the sulfur content in diesel to ultra-low levels with high efficient catalysts.In this paper,a series of CoMo/NDC@alumina catalysts were synthesized by combination of the chemical vapor deposition of nitrogen-doped carbon(NDC)using 1,10-phenanthroline and co-impregnation of Mo and Co active components.The optimal catalyst with additive of 25%1,10-phenanthroline was screened by a series of property characterization and the hydrodesulfrization(HDS)active test.The amount of“CoMoS”active phase of the optimal CoMo/C3 catalyst increased 5.3%as compared with the CoMo/c-Al_(2)O_(3).The introduction of NDC improved the sulfidation degree of Mo by 21.8%as compared to the CoMo/c-Al_(2)O_(3) catalyst,which was beneficial to form more active sites.The HDS conversion of the NDC supported catalysts are higher than CoMo/c-Al_(2)O_(3) whether for the dibenzothiophene(DBT)or 4,6-dimethyl dibenzothiophene(4,6-DMDBT).Further hydroprocessing evaluation with Dagang diesel revealed that the CoMo/C3 catalyst possessed higher HDS property and the removal rate of DBTs in the diesel increased by 4%–11%as compared to the CoMo/c-Al_(2)O_(3) catalyst.

Weakening internal diffusion effect in selective hydrodesulfurization of FCC gasoline by novel designed eggshell CoMoS/Al_2O_3 catalysts

A simple method for preparation of presulfided eggshell CoMoS/γ-Al2O3 catalysts with sharp boundary is developed, through which the eggshell thicknesses of Co and Mo could be easily regulated by controlling the impregnation time. According to the results characterized by EDS, XRD, HRTEM and FT-IR of adsorbed CO, the active component structures, the nature and/or the amount of active sites on the eggshell catalyst are similar to these on the uniform catalyst. The evaluation results of the catalytic performance in selective hydrodesulfurization （HDS） of FCC gasoline show the presence of significant internal diffusion inhibition effect on HDS of S-compounds especially in the uniform catalyst. Compared with uniform catalyst, the eggshell catalyst could remarkably reduce such an internal diffusion inhibition effect due to a shortened diffusion path of the reactants, thus showing higher HDS activity and selectivity.

Development of New Generation Catalysts for Selective Hydrodesulfurization of FCC Naphtha

The influence of active metal components of catalyst, additives and catalyst preparation method on the reactivity of catalyst for selective hydrodesulfurization (HDS) of FCC naphtha was investigated, and the RSDS-21 catalyst with high HDS performance and the RSDS-22 catalyst with high selectivity were developed by RIPP. The composite loading of a new series of catalysts for selective HDS of FCC gasoline has demonstrated excellent desulfurization activity and selectivity and can under conventional hydrotreating conditions manufacture clean gasoline product meeting the national IV emission standard and the Euro V emission standard with less loss in antiknock index. The finalized new series of FCC catalysts upon being adopted for selective HDS of FCC naphtha have good adaptability to different feedstocks along with good stability.

Deep Hydrodesulfurization of Diesel Fuel over Diatomite-dispersed NiMoW Sulfide Catalyst

Diatomite-dispersed NiMoW catalyst was prepared and characterized,and the activity of catalyst samples was tested during the HDS reaction of FCC diesel.Sulfur compounds in the feedstock and the hydrogenated products obtained over different catalysts were determined by GC-PFPD.The test results showed that the diatomite-dispersed NiMoW catalyst had high hydrodesulfurization activity for FCC diesel,which could be contributed to the excellent hydrogenation performance of the said catalyst.Characterization of catalyst by TEM and XRD indicated that the diatomite-dispersed NiMoW catalyst possessed higher layer stacking,larger curvature of MoS2or WS2,and segregated Ni3S2crystals relative to the supported catalyst.This kind of structure leads to high hydrogenation activity of the diatomite-dispersed NiMoW catalyst.

Simultaneous operation of dibenzothiophene hydrodesulfurization and methanol reforming reactions over Pd promoted alumina based catalysts

In the current study simultaneous reactions of hydrodesulfurization(HDS) of dibenzothiophene(DBT) and reforming of methanol in a micro-autoclave reactor were studied over bi-metallic(Co-Mo/Al2O3 and Ni-Mo/Al2O3) and tri-metallic(Pd-Co-Mo/Al2O3 and Pd-Ni-Mo/Al2O3) catalyst systems which were prepared by incipient impregnation method.In situ hydrogen utilization and low Pd loadings were the major targets of this study.For comparison purpose,catalytic activity was separately determined for both the methanol reforming and HDS of DBT reactions as well.Ni based catalysts were confirmed with better activity than Co ones for both the reactions with Pd promoted ones ranking at the top i.e.Pd-Ni-Mo/Al2O3 > Ni-Mo/Al2O3 > Pd-Co-Mo/Al2O3 > Co-Mo/Al2O3 where Pd-Ni-Mo/Al2O3 showed 91% DBT conversion at 380 ℃ and 12 h reaction time.Some of the selected organic additives on catalytic activity were tested for their effect toward HDS reaction which was unique with close relation to their chemical nature.Reaction products were quantitatively and qualitatively analyzed via HPLC and GC-MS techniques respectively which helped in elucidating reaction mechanism.

Influence of Additives on Hydrodesulfurization Activity of Fe-Mo/Al_2O_3 Catalysts

Based on the study relating to the influence of additives on the hydrodesulfurization performance of Fe-Mo-Al2O3 catalysts, it was found out that the introduction of additives could increase considerably the activity of Fe-Mo/Al2O3 catalysts in the reaction of hydrodesulfurization of gasoline and diesel fractions. The introduction of zeolites (HY, HZSM) and other additives could lead to an increase of the concentration of acid centers, which were able to react with sulfur compounds, along with an increase of total catalysts’ pore volume, which could improve the capability of catalyst to adsorb the hydrogen and feed oil.

Development of FCC Naphtha Hydrodesulfurization and Aromatization Process

This articles refers to the development of the technology for hydrodesulfurization (HDS) and aromatization of FCC naphtha This technology adopts a catalyst with aromatization performance, which does not reduce the octane rating of gasoline in the course of HDS of FCC naphtha. Experimental results have shown that the sulfur removal rate of FCC naphtha could reach over 85%, with the RON of gasoline increased by 0.2-0.6 units, the MON increased by 1.3-1.8 units and the antiknock index of the gasoline increased by around one unit. The total C5+ liquid yield was over 95%. The activity of regenerated catalyst could be restored to be equal to that of fresh one after coke burning on the spent catalyst.

铁基加氢催化剂活性相的构建及加氢脱硫性能研究

综述了铁(Fe)基加氢脱硫(HDS)催化剂的研究进展,为开发高效且经济的金属加氢催化剂提供了重要方向。文中基于该课题组多年来在Fe基HDS催化剂领域的研究,系统总结了Fe基HDS催化剂的研究历程,重点阐述了Fe基催化剂的电子结构调控机制及其对HDS性能的影响。此外,分析了Fe基催化剂在二苯并噻吩(DBT)和4,6-二甲基苯并噻吩(4,6-DMDBT)上的HDS反应机理,为设计和开发低成本HDS催化剂提供了思路。

稀土金属改性对负载型Ni_(2)P/M41催化剂加氢脱硫活性的影响

开发高效加氢脱硫催化剂是实现油品深度脱硫的重要途径。采用浸渍-程序升温法制备不同稀土金属(La、Ce、Pr、Nd、Y)改性的Ni_(2)P/M41催化剂。通过X射线衍射、N2吸附-脱附、CO吸附和X射线光电子能谱技术分析催化剂的结构以及化学组成,并以二苯并噻吩为模型化合物,考察稀土金属对Ni_(2)P/M41催化剂加氢脱硫性能的影响。结果表明:稀土金属可以不同程度地影响催化剂的尺寸以及活性相Ni_(2)P在载体表面的分散性;稀土金属La、Pr能够显著提高负载型Ni_(2)P/M41催化剂的HDS(加氢脱硫)活性,加入稀土金属Nd、Ce和Y反而使催化剂活性略有降低;Pr-Ni_(2)P/M41表现出最优的加氢脱硫能力,反应6 h后,脱硫率达到92.6%,与未改性的Ni_(2)P/M41催化剂的转化率相比,提高15.1%。

原子尺度钼系加氢脱硫催化剂的研究进展与展望

深入探讨了原子尺度钼系加氢脱硫催化剂在加氢脱硫反应中的研究进展。重点关注了MoS_(2)和Co(Ni)MoS微观结构对催化性能的影响,以及活性氢原子生成、硫化条件对催化剂结构和活性的影响。探讨了不同类型MoS_(2)和Co(Ni)MoS边缘结构与加氢脱硫性能的构效关系,强调了MoS_(2)边缘的硫-氢基团在反应中的关键作用。此外,详细讨论了噻吩分子在催化剂表面的吸附方式,加深了对噻吩的加氢脱硫机理的了解。最后,强调了载体Al_(2)O_(3)表面氢溢流效应的重要性,通过调控氧化铝载体表面的羟基基团与钼酸根的相互作用,提高了催化活性。总体而言,这些研究结果突显了微观结构在催化活性调控中的关键作用,为提高工业加氢脱硫反应速率提供了有力的支持。

雷尼镍的磷量子点改性及其催化加氢脱硫性能

高硫燃油燃烧产生的排放会对环境造成巨大的破坏,严重影响人类的生存,开发高效的加氢脱硫催化剂至关重要。本文以雷尼镍为前体,首次使用磷量子点和商业红磷对非负载型(雷尼镍)催化剂进行改性,并系统探究了改性条件(改性温度、用量、反应温度)对催化剂加氢脱硫(DBT)性能的影响,采用BET比表面积测试、X射线衍射仪、扫面电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜、能量色散光谱和X射线光电子能谱等技术手段进行表征。结果发现,磷量子点改性催化剂的性能明显提升,改性催化剂孔径增大和磷量子点与镍的强相互作用是催化剂性能提升的主要原因。较大的孔径有利于DBT分子扩散,与磷量子点作用生成的带正电Ni^(δ+)物种将有利于DBT的吸附,进而提高催化剂的加氢脱硫性能,并在最佳实验条件下得到了99.1%的DBT转化率。

硫化温度对油溶性催化剂硫化程度的影响

针对含硫和不含硫的2种油溶性催化剂在不同硫化温度下进行预硫化处理,采用元素分析、XRD、HRTEM、XPS等手段对处理后的催化剂进行表征,并以二苯并噻吩作为模型化合物,考察不同硫化温度催化剂对二苯并噻吩的脱硫活性和加氢脱硫(HDS)反应路径的影响。结果表明,随着硫化温度的升高,2种油溶性催化剂的Mo^(4+)含量均增加,硫化程度加深,MoS_(2)活性相的XRD特征峰呈现出逐渐尖锐和明显的趋势,且MoS_(2)条纹的长度及堆积层数逐渐增加。在HDS反应性能评价中,2种油溶性催化剂对二苯并噻吩的脱硫性能均以直接脱硫(DDS)路径为主,且随着硫化温度的增加,HDS路径选择性呈现下降趋势。其中,含硫的油溶性催化剂随着硫化温度的升高,其活性呈现下降趋势;而不含硫的油溶性催化剂在硫化温度为320℃时表现出最高的催化活性。

氧化铝基加氢脱硫催化剂研究进展

加氢脱硫催化剂是加氢脱硫技术中不可或缺的部分,其中氧化铝负载的硫化态催化剂作为典型的加氢脱硫催化剂在工业生产中应用十分广泛。本文系统介绍了氧化铝基硫化态催化剂的研究进展,包括硫化态加氢脱硫催化剂活性相模型以及各种类型的助剂对加氢脱硫催化剂构效关系的影响。着重探讨了包括5种经典模型在内的活性相模型研究进展情况以及差异性和关联性;同时对各种类型(过渡金属以及包括ⅠA、ⅡA、ⅢA等在内的主族元素等)的助剂对加氢脱硫催化剂构效关系的影响进行了探讨。最后对加氢脱硫催化剂的未来发展方向进行了展望,指出从原子尺度上洞察催化剂的活性相结构、形态及其复杂的催化机理,结合对催化机理以及活性相的深刻认识,可控创制性能可调的高活性及选择性的多功能催化剂是未来加氢脱硫催化剂的重要方向。

加氢脱硫催化剂钠中毒失活机理

钠中毒失活加氢脱硫催化剂的元素分析、孔结构和酸性质表征结果证实酸量的显著降低是钠中毒催化剂失活的原因,而非积炭或杂质堵塞孔道。X射线衍射(XRD)、程序升温还原(H2-TPR)表征和脱硫活性评价结果证实钠中毒强化了MoO3聚集现象,且活性金属的还原温度随着钠沉积量增加而提高,脱硫活性降低。催化剂失活机理是对于含取代基芳环的大分子硫化物,无法通过直接脱硫途径脱除,必须是先芳环加氢饱和后再脱硫。钠中毒催化剂酸量的下降使其加氢能力降低,催化剂因此失活。扫描电镜能谱(SEM-EDS)分析表征证实Na杂质沿催化剂径向均匀分布,催化剂对Na杂质无明显吸附效果,少量Na杂质即可穿透整个催化剂床层,导致工业装置运行周期显著下降。