Manufacturing of Ultra-high Molecular Weight Polyethylene Fiber Reinforced Tape and the Loss of Strength

Due to the low density and excellent mechanical proper-ties,high performance fiber reinforced materials have aconsiderable application in the area of high technologyand dally usage.In this paper,the Ultra-high Molecu-lar Weight Polyethylene(UHMWPE)fiber reinforcedPE tape prepared with the method of powder impregnat-ion was studied.The effect of impregnate length and thetensile force of the yarn on the fiber content as well as on the strength and modulus of the tape were discussed.Calculation shows that the strength and the modulus ofthe ULMWPE fiber can keep about 85％ after it undergothe process.

Reattachment of the Osteotomized Greater Trochanter in Hip Surgery Using an Ultrahigh Molecular Weight Polyethylene Fiber Cable: A Multi-Institutional Study

The purpose of this multicenter study was to evaluate the clinical performance of an ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) fiber cable for re-attachment of the osteotomized greater trochanter in hip surgery. Included in the study were 85 hips that had undergone surgery with greater trochanter osteotomy, including 50 hip arthroplasty procedures and 35 hip osteotomies. The osteotomized greater trochanter was reattached using one or more UHMWPE fiber cables. The bone union and displacement of the greater trochanter were assessed in radiographs for up to 12 months after surgery. Non-union of the osteotomy site occurred in 4.7% of the cases. In approximately 90% of the cases, displacement was less than 2 mm at up to 12 months after surgery. The UHMWPE fiber cable was a good biomaterial for reattaching the osteotomized greater trochanter and may also be an option for osteosynthesis procedures.

Ultra-High Molecular Weight Polyethylene Tape Applied for Distal Humeral Condyle Fracture around Total Elbow Arthroplasty in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis: Report of Two Cases

Managing fractures of distal humerus in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is technically challenging. Total elbow arthroplasty (TEA) is one of the treatment options for these fractures. While elbow motion is largely regained by TEA, comminuted condyle fragments are often ignored. Although numerous approaches for repair of condylar fragments around TEA are described, any universal fixation strategy for these fractures has not been established. This report describes, for the first time, application of an ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) tape for the treatment of distal humerus fracture in 2 patients with rheumatic elbow arthropathy. The post-operative clinical courses were good. Radiographs showed bony union of the condylar fragments without loosening in two cases. Because of its flat configuration, softness, and flexibility, UHMWPE tape is a promising material for stabilizing fracture of the distal humerus associated with TEA.

Temperature Effect on the Conformation Transition of Ultra-high Molecular Weight Polyethylene/Polypropylene Blends Undergoing Continuous Volume Extensional Flow:A Mesoscopic Simulation

Due to the multiformity and complexity of chain conformation under external flow and the challenge of systematically investigating the transient conformation and dynamic evolution process of polymer chains at the molecular level by means of present experimental techniques,a universal description of both chain conformation and dynamics with respect to continuous volume extensional flow(CVEF)is still absent.Taking into account the temperature effect,we performed dissipative particle dynamics(DPD)simulations with the particles corresponding to the repeat units of polymers over a wide temperature range and analyzed the correlation with the conformational properties of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene/polypropylene(UHMWPE/PP)blend in response to the CVEF.With time evolution,the polymer chains become highly oriented parallel to the flow direction instead of the initial random coiling and self-aggregation.It is found that a high temperature is necessary for more substantial compactness to take place than low temperature.The low-k plateau and low-k peak in structure factor S(k)curves suggest a low degree of conformational diversity and a high degree of chain stretching.It is also concluded that the intra-molecular C-C bond interaction is the main driving force for the dynamics process of the chain conformations undergoing CVEF,where the motion of the alkyl chains is seriously restricted owing to the increase in bond interaction potential,resulting in a reduction of the difference in diffusion rates among alkyl chains.

PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF ULTRA-HIGH MOLECULAR WEIGHT POLY(ETHYLENE TEREPHTHALATE)(PET)FIBER

This paper reports the spinning and drawing behavior of Ultra-high Molecular Weight polyethylene Terephthalate) (UHMW-PET) fibers. The as-spun fibers were produced by dry-jet wet spinning of a 15%-17% solution in 50:50(v:v) trifluroroacetic acid and dichloromethane. Both molecular weight and polymer solution concentration have marked effect on the drawability of the as-spun-fibers. The maximum extension drawing ratio (EDRmax) of as-spun fiber increases with increasing molecular weight, whereas optimal concentration to achieve the EDRmax of as-spun fibers decreases with increasing molecular weight. Drawing speed and temperature during the first step have remarkable effect on the drawability of these fiber during the second step. Relatively lower drawing temperature and drawing speed (19 ℃ , 60 mm/min) during the first drawing step was beneficial to mechanical properties of ultimate fibers. At the range of 210 ℃ to 230 ℃, the draw ratio (DR) during the second step increases with increasing temperature.

Progressive Failure Analysis of Quasi-isotropic Self-reinforced Polyethylene Composites by Comparing Unsupervised and Supervised Classifications of Acoustic Emission Data

Unsupervised and supervised pattern recognition( PR)techniques are used to classify the acoustic emission( AE) data originating from the quasi-isotropic self-reinforced polyethylene composites,in order to identify the various mechanisms in the multiangle-ply thermoplastic composites. Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene / low density polyethylene( UHMWPE / LDPE)composites were made and tested under quasi-static tensile load. The failure process was monitored by the AE technique. The collected AE signals were classified by unsupervised and supervised PR techniques, respectively. AE signals were clustered with unsupervised PR scheme automatically and mathematically. While in the supervised PR scheme,the labeled AE data from simple lay-up UHMWPE / LDPE laminates were utilized as the reference data.Comparison was drawn according to the analytical results. Fracture surfaces of the UHMWPE / LDPE specimens were observed by a scanning electron microscope( SEM) for some physical support. By combining both classification results with the observation results,correlations were established between the AE signal classes and their originating damage modes. The comparison between the two classifying schemes showed a good agreement in the main damage modes and their failure process. It indicates both PR techniques are powerful for the complicated thermoplastic composites. Supervised PR scheme can lead to a more precise classification in that a suitable reference data set is input.

Synthesis and properties of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene/WS_2 nanoparticle fiber for bullet-proof materials

Ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE)/WS2 nanoparticle fibers were prepared by adding WS2 nanoparticles treated by coupling agent in the precursor solution of UHMWPE. The influence of WS2 nanoparticles on the microstructure and properties of UHMWPE fibers was characterized by SEM, TGA, mechanical property measurement and bullet-shock test. The results showed that WS2 nanoparticles can be uniformly dispersed in the UHMWPE fiber. After incorporating of WS2 nanoparticles, UHMWPE fibers became stiffer and tougher than the pristine ones. Particularly, the modulus of the fiber increased from 1203 to 1326cN/dtex. Furthermore, UHMWPE/WSfibers showed an improved thermal stability.

Dissolving of Ultra‑high Molecular Weight Polyethylene Assisted Through Supercritical Carbon Dioxide to Enhance the Mechanical Properties of Fibers

The molecular weight of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene(UHMWPE)fbers is severely decreased compared with raw materials due to high temperature and strong shearing in the dissolving process.In this study,we reported a novel method to assist the dissolving of UHMWPE in parafn oil without severe degradation in order to improve the tensile strength of resultant fbers.UHMWPE fbers with relatively high molecular weight and more excellent disentanglement efect were prepared by gel-spinning with UHMWPE suspension treated with supercritical carbon dioxide(SC-CO_(2)).The dynamic thermomechanical,mechanical and crystalline properties of UHMWPE extracted fbers and drawn fbers were researched comprehensively.UHMWPE extracted fbers obtained after SC-CO_(2) treatment display a higher molecular weight.More importantly,it is clear that the disentanglement of UHMWPE gel fbers gained by processing SC-CO_(2) has been signifcantly promoted compared with that without SC-CO_(2) treatment from dynamic thermomechanical and rheological results,which could also be demonstrated from the cross-sectional morphology of UHMWPE extracted fbers.Furthermore,the tensile strength of UHMWPE fbers prepared through SC-CO_(2) treating is able to attain 30.11 cN/dtex,increased by 10.3%in comparison to UHMWPE fbers gained without assistance of SC-CO_(2).Beyond that,the thermal behavior and crystallization performance of UHMWPE extracted fbers and drawn fbers acquired by way of SC-CO_(2) treatment have also been enhanced.

高温环境对防弹插板抗弹性能影响分析

采用M80弹(7.62 mm×51 mm NATO)分别对常温和高温(55℃)下的防弹插板进行实弹射击试验,以研究高温环境对防弹插板抗弹性能的影响。通过分析试验时防弹插板弹击瞬间凹陷值,同时结合聚氨酯树脂的剥离强度、超高分子量聚乙烯纤维层压板剥离强度和弯曲强度的测试结果对高温下抗弹性能变化原因进行了研究。结果表明:高温下防弹插板抗弹性能明显下降,相对于常温下每发弹的弹击瞬间凹陷值增加了2~5 mm。其主要原因是超高分子量聚乙烯纤维层压板在高温下抵抗变形的能力发生明显下降,从而导致防弹插板的弹击瞬间凹陷值增大。

计及温度与应变率效应的超高分子量聚乙烯纤维束的拉伸力学性能

文中针对超高分子量聚乙烯(UHMWPE)纤维束在计及温度(-60~80℃)和应变率(1×10^(-5)~3.3×10^(-2)s^(-1))的25种工况下,基于轴向拉伸实验数据,研究了UHMWPE纤维束力学性能的温度和应变率效应及其破坏模式。结果表明,UHMWPE纤维束的力学性能具有一定的应变率和温度效应,但后者具备更为强大的影响力,其使UHMWPE纤维束在温度高于50℃时强度产生显著下降;此外,低温在提升UHMWPE纤维束拉伸强度的同时也会削弱其力学性能的应变率效应,在-40~-60℃范围内,UHMWPE纤维束拉伸强度和失效应变基本不受应变率影响。在UHMWPE纤维束的损伤破坏模式研究中发现,在脆-韧性转变存在的温度区间内(25~80℃),转变发生的临界应变率与温度之间具有密切联系,温度每升高约30℃,临界应变率就会提升1个量级。

我国超高分子量聚乙烯纤维的发展现状与建议

超高分子量聚乙烯纤维因优异性能在航空航天、军事防护、海洋工程及纺织等领域具有广泛的应用前景,是世界各国竞相发展的战略性新材料。本文梳理了我国超高分子量聚乙烯纤维发展历程,总结了当前产业发展现状,分析了存在的问题,并对未来发展提出建议。

超高分子量聚乙烯纤维表面纳米ZnO可控生长及其界面性能研究

首先在超高分子量聚乙烯(PE⁃UHMW)纤维表面形成聚多巴胺涂层,再通过水热法在纤维表面原位生长ZnO纳米阵列。对聚乙烯亚胺(PEI)介导的合成体系ZnO长径比、改性前后PE⁃UHMW纤维的界面性能进行了研究,并揭示了其增强机理。结果表明,ZnO纳米阵列的生长并未对纤维的热稳定性及结晶度产生影响,对纤维的损伤较小;当PEI浓度为3 mmol时,ZnO长径比最高;改性后纤维界面黏结强力提升了63.6%,层间剪切强度提升了70.14%。

Optimization of the Production Process of Flash-Spinning UHMWPE Superfine Fiber by Response Surface Methodology

In this paper, statistical optimization method was used to optimize the flash-spinning process conditions. Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene(UHMWPE) superfine fiber was fabricated by flash-spinning method using UHMWPE as the fiber-forming polymer, 1, 2-dichloroethane as the main solvent. The important parameters of the flash-spinning were filtered by Plackett-Burman experimental design based on the single factor experiments. After determining the best regions of the fiber properties, the optimum level of the important parameters were determined by Box-Behnken design. The results of the design showed that the important parameters influencing on the properties of the flash-spinning fiber were spinning temperature, spinning pressure, and spinning solution concentration. The optimum technical parameters were: spinning temperature 186.4 ℃, spinning pressure 6.16 MPa, spinning solution concentration 3.06%. The highest combination property of the flash-spinning fiber was 86.39 under this condition.

Micro-Macro Scale Relationship in Creep Deformation of Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene

Macroscopic and microscale creep deformations of UHMWPE were investigated by using in situ SAXS.A methodology for the measurement of the local creep deformation of inter-lamellar amorphous phase has been proposed.The local strain of inter-lamellar amorphous phase(£a)and macroscopic strain(£macro)were evaluated and they were compared to study the relati on ship betwee n macroscopic and microscale creep deformation of UHMWPE.Both of them exhibit two deformation regions against creep time.The entanglements show a strong impact on both the macroscopic and local inter-lamellar amorphous phase creep behavior and they can be well correlated to the molecular weight between two entanglements estimated from strain-hardening modulus.Compared to the macroscopic creep deformation,local inter-lamellar amorphous layers have a smaller creep deformation.From the local creep measurement,the apparent modulus of inter-lamellar amorphous phase can also be estimated(200<Ma<500 MPa).These values are much higher than the Young's modulus of bulk amorphous PE,which can be well explained by the confinement of the lamellar stacks and the enhancement of the amorphous phase with the relatively high concentration of entanglements.This study provides a useful means and quantitative data for achieving the scale transition between the micro and the macro structural levels for the study of viscos-elastic deformation.

熔纺超高分子量聚乙烯纤维初生丝制备及拉伸工艺

采用高流动性的超高分子量聚乙烯(PE-UHMW)树脂为原料,使用转矩流变仪,采用熔体纺丝法成功制备出PE-UHMW初生丝纤维。实验结果表明,转矩流变仪三个加热区的温度分别为:1区160℃,2区230℃,3区270℃,单丝机头加热温度为260℃;螺杆转速为2 r/min,在此条件下,可以获得表面光滑且具有高倍拉伸性能的PEUHMW初生丝纤维。以获得最大拉伸倍率和最大拉伸强度的PE-UHMW纤维为目标,对熔体纺丝制备出的PEUHMW初生丝纤维进行一级超倍拉伸做了初步的研究,对影响纤维超倍拉伸的因素,如拉伸温度、拉伸介质、拉伸速度等进行了分析。扫描电子显微镜和电子万能试验机结果显示,相比于水浴,油浴条件下纤维可以获得更高的有效拉伸倍率和力学性能,纤维的结构更为均匀;拉伸温度在90℃附近时,纤维的最大拉伸倍率和力学性能最好;拉伸速度小于1 m/min情况下,纤维获得的最大拉伸倍率基本不变,当拉伸速度继续增加时,其最大拉伸倍率迅速下降。在最佳拉伸工艺条件下可制备出强度为1.2 GPa的PE-UHMW纤维。

高性能纤维及其制品颜色构建的研究进展

高性能纤维及其制品是我国纺织行业重点发展的关键材料,其关系到国民经济发展和国家战略安全。为促进高性能纤维及其制品的发展,掌握其染色方法前沿和发展趋势,突破行业技术瓶颈,综述了国内外高性能纤维及其制品颜色构建的研究进展。重点概述了以芳纶、碳纤维、聚酰亚胺纤维和超高分子量聚乙烯纤维为代表的高性能纤维在颜色构建方面的技术创新,从载体染色、非水介质溶剂染色和原液着色等化学染色法以及物理结构生色法等方面总结了4种高性能纤维颜色构建的基本原理和发展趋势,讨论了高性能纤维色彩构建中遇到的主要挑战,并对该领域的未来研究方向进行了展望。指出,高性能纤维及其制品的颜色构建仍需进一步完善理论研究,以期为推动其高质量发展提供理论和应用参考。

超高分子量聚乙烯纤维织物/热塑性聚氨酯 复合材料的界面黏结性能

针对超高分子量聚乙烯(UHMWPE)纤维织物与热塑性聚氨酯(TPU)黏结性能差的问题,采用常压介质阻挡放电(DBD)等离子体对UHMWPE纤维织物进行表面处理及复合工艺的调整来提高复合材料界面黏结性能。研究了热压温度及时间和常压DBD等离子体处理电压及次数对纤维结构、纤维表面形貌及化学成分、丝束断裂强力及复合材料剥离强度的影响。结果表明:当热压温度为120℃,热压时间为30 s时,UHMWPE纤维织物与TPU的黏结性能达到最优,剥离强度达到了42.88 N/(25 mm);经过常压DBD等离子体处理后,UHMWPE纤维表面产生明显的刻蚀痕迹,纤维表面含氧极性官能团增加,丝束力学性能及复合材料剥离强度随着处理电压和次数的增加先升高后降低,当处理电压为200 V,处理3次时,丝束断裂强力增加了1.8%,剥离强度提升了30.72%。

超高相对分子质量聚乙烯/氨纶包覆纱制备工艺研究

超高相对分子质量聚乙烯(UHMWPE)纤维拥有优异的力学性能,但其模量高、弹性低的特性使得UHMWPE织物硬挺且延展性差。为增强UHMWPE织物的延展性,拓宽UHMWPE的应用面,对UHMWPE/氨纶(PU)包覆纱的制备工艺进行研究。采用2.22 tex/9 f(20 den/9 f)的UHMWPE长丝纱为外包纱、1.67 tex(15 den)单根PU长丝为芯纱,制备UHMWPE/PU包覆纱。使用正交法设计试验,探究了包覆捻度、PU伸长倍数及卷绕率对UHMWPE/PU包覆纱断裂强力、断裂伸长率及弹性回复率的影响,使用UHMWPE/PU包覆纱织造纬平针织物探究其可编织性。结果表明:包覆捻度、PU伸长倍数及卷绕率对UHMWPE/PU包覆纱断裂强力、断裂伸长率及弹性回复率有显著影响,UHMWPE/PU包覆纱的制备工艺可根据应用场景及需求进行选择。UHMWPE/PU包覆纱具有较好的弹性与力学性能,所制备的UHMWPE/PU纬平针织物具有极好的延展性。

辐射接枝法制备氧肟化超高分子量聚乙烯及其重金属吸附性能

采用60Co-γ预辐射接枝法将丙烯酸和丙烯酰胺先后接枝于超高分子量聚乙烯纤维上,随后用羟胺碱溶液对纤维进行氧肟化改性,制备出含氧肟酸基、酰胺基和羧基的超高分子量聚乙烯纤维吸附剂。扫描电子显微镜(SEM)图、傅里叶变换衰减全反射红外光谱(ATR-FTIR)谱图和热重曲线均表明,丙烯酰胺和丙烯酸成功接枝到纤维上,且氧肟化反应成功将酰胺基转化为氧肟基。重金属离子吸附性能测试结果表明:所制备的超高分子量纤维吸附剂对Cu(Ⅱ)、Co(Ⅱ)、Ni(Ⅱ) 3种重金属离子吸附容量最高可达到318 mg/g、165 mg/g、140 mg/g(吸附质量浓度为500 mg/L,时间为4 h);在竞争吸附实验中,对Cu(Ⅱ)、Co(Ⅱ)、Ni(Ⅱ)离子的去除率分别为99.5%、43.5%、60.5%(Cu(Ⅱ)、Co(Ⅱ)、Ni(Ⅱ)离子初始质量浓度均为200 mg/L,吸附剂用量为3 g/L)。

基于UHMWPE纤维低度交联与表面改性制备高模量、高强度UHMWPE/EP复合材料

从工业化生产应用角度研究电晕处理直接作用于超高分子量聚乙烯(UHMWPE)纤维编织布织布表面,探究纤维表面交联和界面改性对复合材料力学性能的影响。利用X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(ATR-FTIR)和扫描电镜(SEM)对UHMWPE纤维表面物理性质和化学组成进行表征。采用差示扫描量热仪(DSC)对电晕处理前后纤维结晶度和热稳定性进行表征。当电晕处理功率达到3.0 kW时,UHMWPE-C3.0kW/EP复合材料的冲击强度、弯曲强度和弯曲模量达到了167.4 kJ/m 2、121.3 MPa和9.3 GPa,相较于未处理UHMWPE/EP复合材料分别增加了31.5%、64.8%和190.6%。结果表明,通过电晕处理强化了纤维表面与树脂界面黏接强度,有利于复合材料对外力的传递分散,并通过强界面破坏吸收能量及UHMWPE纤维的断裂和形变提高了复合材料的抗冲击和抗弯性能。