Manufacturing of Ultra-high Molecular Weight Polyethylene Fiber Reinforced Tape and the Loss of Strength

Due to the low density and excellent mechanical proper-ties,high performance fiber reinforced materials have aconsiderable application in the area of high technologyand dally usage.In this paper,the Ultra-high Molecu-lar Weight Polyethylene(UHMWPE)fiber reinforcedPE tape prepared with the method of powder impregnat-ion was studied.The effect of impregnate length and thetensile force of the yarn on the fiber content as well as on the strength and modulus of the tape were discussed.Calculation shows that the strength and the modulus ofthe ULMWPE fiber can keep about 85％ after it undergothe process.

Reattachment of the Osteotomized Greater Trochanter in Hip Surgery Using an Ultrahigh Molecular Weight Polyethylene Fiber Cable: A Multi-Institutional Study

The purpose of this multicenter study was to evaluate the clinical performance of an ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) fiber cable for re-attachment of the osteotomized greater trochanter in hip surgery. Included in the study were 85 hips that had undergone surgery with greater trochanter osteotomy, including 50 hip arthroplasty procedures and 35 hip osteotomies. The osteotomized greater trochanter was reattached using one or more UHMWPE fiber cables. The bone union and displacement of the greater trochanter were assessed in radiographs for up to 12 months after surgery. Non-union of the osteotomy site occurred in 4.7% of the cases. In approximately 90% of the cases, displacement was less than 2 mm at up to 12 months after surgery. The UHMWPE fiber cable was a good biomaterial for reattaching the osteotomized greater trochanter and may also be an option for osteosynthesis procedures.

Ultra-High Molecular Weight Polyethylene Tape Applied for Distal Humeral Condyle Fracture around Total Elbow Arthroplasty in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis: Report of Two Cases

Managing fractures of distal humerus in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is technically challenging. Total elbow arthroplasty (TEA) is one of the treatment options for these fractures. While elbow motion is largely regained by TEA, comminuted condyle fragments are often ignored. Although numerous approaches for repair of condylar fragments around TEA are described, any universal fixation strategy for these fractures has not been established. This report describes, for the first time, application of an ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) tape for the treatment of distal humerus fracture in 2 patients with rheumatic elbow arthropathy. The post-operative clinical courses were good. Radiographs showed bony union of the condylar fragments without loosening in two cases. Because of its flat configuration, softness, and flexibility, UHMWPE tape is a promising material for stabilizing fracture of the distal humerus associated with TEA.

Temperature Effect on the Conformation Transition of Ultra-high Molecular Weight Polyethylene/Polypropylene Blends Undergoing Continuous Volume Extensional Flow:A Mesoscopic Simulation

Due to the multiformity and complexity of chain conformation under external flow and the challenge of systematically investigating the transient conformation and dynamic evolution process of polymer chains at the molecular level by means of present experimental techniques,a universal description of both chain conformation and dynamics with respect to continuous volume extensional flow(CVEF)is still absent.Taking into account the temperature effect,we performed dissipative particle dynamics(DPD)simulations with the particles corresponding to the repeat units of polymers over a wide temperature range and analyzed the correlation with the conformational properties of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene/polypropylene(UHMWPE/PP)blend in response to the CVEF.With time evolution,the polymer chains become highly oriented parallel to the flow direction instead of the initial random coiling and self-aggregation.It is found that a high temperature is necessary for more substantial compactness to take place than low temperature.The low-k plateau and low-k peak in structure factor S(k)curves suggest a low degree of conformational diversity and a high degree of chain stretching.It is also concluded that the intra-molecular C-C bond interaction is the main driving force for the dynamics process of the chain conformations undergoing CVEF,where the motion of the alkyl chains is seriously restricted owing to the increase in bond interaction potential,resulting in a reduction of the difference in diffusion rates among alkyl chains.

PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF ULTRA-HIGH MOLECULAR WEIGHT POLY(ETHYLENE TEREPHTHALATE)(PET)FIBER

This paper reports the spinning and drawing behavior of Ultra-high Molecular Weight polyethylene Terephthalate) (UHMW-PET) fibers. The as-spun fibers were produced by dry-jet wet spinning of a 15%-17% solution in 50:50(v:v) trifluroroacetic acid and dichloromethane. Both molecular weight and polymer solution concentration have marked effect on the drawability of the as-spun-fibers. The maximum extension drawing ratio (EDRmax) of as-spun fiber increases with increasing molecular weight, whereas optimal concentration to achieve the EDRmax of as-spun fibers decreases with increasing molecular weight. Drawing speed and temperature during the first step have remarkable effect on the drawability of these fiber during the second step. Relatively lower drawing temperature and drawing speed (19 ℃ , 60 mm/min) during the first drawing step was beneficial to mechanical properties of ultimate fibers. At the range of 210 ℃ to 230 ℃, the draw ratio (DR) during the second step increases with increasing temperature.

Cyclic Pulsating Pressure Enhanced Segregating Structuration of Ultra-High Molecular Weight Polyethylene/Graphene Composites as High-performance Light-Weight EMI Shields

Currently,the enhancement in electromagnetic interference(EMI)performance of polymeric composite generally relies on either improving electrical conductivity(σ)for stronger electromagnetic(EM)reflections or tailoring structure for higher EM resonances.Herein,we proposed a novel technique called cyclic pulsating pressure enhanced segregating structuration(CPP-SS),which can reinforce these two factors simultaneously.The structural information was supplied by optical microscopy(OM)and scanning electron microscopy(SEM),both of which confirmed the formation and evolution of segregate structured ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene(UHMWPE)/graphene composites.Then,the result showed that CPP-SS can significantly improve theσof samples.Ultimately,advanced specific EMI shielding efficiency of 31.1 d B/mm was achieved for UHMWPE/graphene composite at 1-mm thickness and a low graphene loading of 5 wt%.Meanwhile,it also confirmed that the intrinsic disadvantage of poor mechanical properties of conventional segregated structure composites can be surpassed.This work is believed to provide a fundamental understanding of the structural and performance evolutions of segregated structured composites prepared under CPPSS,and to bring us a simple and efficient approach for fabricating high-performance,strong and light-weight polymeric EMI shields.

Dissolving of Ultra‑high Molecular Weight Polyethylene Assisted Through Supercritical Carbon Dioxide to Enhance the Mechanical Properties of Fibers

The molecular weight of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene(UHMWPE)fbers is severely decreased compared with raw materials due to high temperature and strong shearing in the dissolving process.In this study,we reported a novel method to assist the dissolving of UHMWPE in parafn oil without severe degradation in order to improve the tensile strength of resultant fbers.UHMWPE fbers with relatively high molecular weight and more excellent disentanglement efect were prepared by gel-spinning with UHMWPE suspension treated with supercritical carbon dioxide(SC-CO_(2)).The dynamic thermomechanical,mechanical and crystalline properties of UHMWPE extracted fbers and drawn fbers were researched comprehensively.UHMWPE extracted fbers obtained after SC-CO_(2) treatment display a higher molecular weight.More importantly,it is clear that the disentanglement of UHMWPE gel fbers gained by processing SC-CO_(2) has been signifcantly promoted compared with that without SC-CO_(2) treatment from dynamic thermomechanical and rheological results,which could also be demonstrated from the cross-sectional morphology of UHMWPE extracted fbers.Furthermore,the tensile strength of UHMWPE fbers prepared through SC-CO_(2) treating is able to attain 30.11 cN/dtex,increased by 10.3%in comparison to UHMWPE fbers gained without assistance of SC-CO_(2).Beyond that,the thermal behavior and crystallization performance of UHMWPE extracted fbers and drawn fbers acquired by way of SC-CO_(2) treatment have also been enhanced.

Progressive Failure Analysis of Quasi-isotropic Self-reinforced Polyethylene Composites by Comparing Unsupervised and Supervised Classifications of Acoustic Emission Data

Unsupervised and supervised pattern recognition( PR)techniques are used to classify the acoustic emission( AE) data originating from the quasi-isotropic self-reinforced polyethylene composites,in order to identify the various mechanisms in the multiangle-ply thermoplastic composites. Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene / low density polyethylene( UHMWPE / LDPE)composites were made and tested under quasi-static tensile load. The failure process was monitored by the AE technique. The collected AE signals were classified by unsupervised and supervised PR techniques, respectively. AE signals were clustered with unsupervised PR scheme automatically and mathematically. While in the supervised PR scheme,the labeled AE data from simple lay-up UHMWPE / LDPE laminates were utilized as the reference data.Comparison was drawn according to the analytical results. Fracture surfaces of the UHMWPE / LDPE specimens were observed by a scanning electron microscope( SEM) for some physical support. By combining both classification results with the observation results,correlations were established between the AE signal classes and their originating damage modes. The comparison between the two classifying schemes showed a good agreement in the main damage modes and their failure process. It indicates both PR techniques are powerful for the complicated thermoplastic composites. Supervised PR scheme can lead to a more precise classification in that a suitable reference data set is input.

Synthesis and properties of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene/WS_2 nanoparticle fiber for bullet-proof materials

Ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE)/WS2 nanoparticle fibers were prepared by adding WS2 nanoparticles treated by coupling agent in the precursor solution of UHMWPE. The influence of WS2 nanoparticles on the microstructure and properties of UHMWPE fibers was characterized by SEM, TGA, mechanical property measurement and bullet-shock test. The results showed that WS2 nanoparticles can be uniformly dispersed in the UHMWPE fiber. After incorporating of WS2 nanoparticles, UHMWPE fibers became stiffer and tougher than the pristine ones. Particularly, the modulus of the fiber increased from 1203 to 1326cN/dtex. Furthermore, UHMWPE/WSfibers showed an improved thermal stability.

高温环境对防弹插板抗弹性能影响分析

采用M80弹(7.62 mm×51 mm NATO)分别对常温和高温(55℃)下的防弹插板进行实弹射击试验,以研究高温环境对防弹插板抗弹性能的影响。通过分析试验时防弹插板弹击瞬间凹陷值,同时结合聚氨酯树脂的剥离强度、超高分子量聚乙烯纤维层压板剥离强度和弯曲强度的测试结果对高温下抗弹性能变化原因进行了研究。结果表明:高温下防弹插板抗弹性能明显下降,相对于常温下每发弹的弹击瞬间凹陷值增加了2~5 mm。其主要原因是超高分子量聚乙烯纤维层压板在高温下抵抗变形的能力发生明显下降,从而导致防弹插板的弹击瞬间凹陷值增大。

捻度对渔用UHMWPE裂膜纤维线股拉伸性能与耐磨性能的影响研究

为促进超高分子量聚乙烯裂膜纤维(简称UHMWPE裂膜纤维)在渔用绳网中的应用,以膜裂法制备渔用UHMWPE裂膜纤维为原料,通过加捻制备渔用UHMWPE裂膜纤维线股,在此基础上,考察了加捻对UHMWPE裂膜线股的线密度、直径、拉伸性能和耐磨性能的影响。结果显示:UHMWPE裂膜纤维线股随捻度的增加表现出直径逐渐减小、实际线密度先增大后减小以及捻回角逐渐增加等特征;对于不同线密度规格的UHMWPE裂膜纤维线股,随着捻度的增加,其断裂强力均呈现降低的趋势,且纤维线密度越低,加捻对线股断裂强度的影响越小;1600 D的UHMWPE裂膜纤维线股的磨损次数随捻度的增加而降低,而3200和4800 D线股的磨损次数随捻度的增加呈现先降低后升高的变化趋势,且4800 D的不同捻度的线股之间的磨损次数无显著性差异(P<0.05),显示出纤维线密度越大,加捻对其耐磨性能的影响越小。1600、3200和4800 D的UHMWPE裂膜纤维线股的结节强力随捻度的增大呈现先升高后降低的变化趋势,当预加捻度为120 T·m^(-1)时,3种线密度线股的结节强力达到最大值,分别为204.15、373.5、562.41 N,较未加捻UHMWPE裂膜纤维分别提高了50.14%、37.13%和30.22%。在本实验捻度设置范围内,1600 D裂膜线股的结节强度随捻度的增加而增大,较未加捻裂膜纤维结节强度提高了32.49%。研究表明,无捻或低捻度、低线密度UHMWPE裂膜纤维线股可用于UHMWPE裂膜纤维无结网的制备;无捻或低捻度的高线密度UHMWPE裂膜纤维线股则具有较好的耐磨性能;中高捻度、低线密度UHMWPE裂膜纤维线股可用于UHMWPE裂膜纤维有结网的制备。研究结果可为渔用UHMWPE裂膜纤维绳网材料的加工、开发与应用提供参考。

计及温度与应变率效应的超高分子量聚乙烯纤维束的拉伸力学性能

文中针对超高分子量聚乙烯(UHMWPE)纤维束在计及温度(-60~80℃)和应变率(1×10^(-5)~3.3×10^(-2)s^(-1))的25种工况下,基于轴向拉伸实验数据,研究了UHMWPE纤维束力学性能的温度和应变率效应及其破坏模式。结果表明,UHMWPE纤维束的力学性能具有一定的应变率和温度效应,但后者具备更为强大的影响力,其使UHMWPE纤维束在温度高于50℃时强度产生显著下降;此外,低温在提升UHMWPE纤维束拉伸强度的同时也会削弱其力学性能的应变率效应,在-40~-60℃范围内,UHMWPE纤维束拉伸强度和失效应变基本不受应变率影响。在UHMWPE纤维束的损伤破坏模式研究中发现,在脆-韧性转变存在的温度区间内(25~80℃),转变发生的临界应变率与温度之间具有密切联系,温度每升高约30℃,临界应变率就会提升1个量级。

我国超高分子量聚乙烯纤维的发展现状与建议

超高分子量聚乙烯纤维因优异性能在航空航天、军事防护、海洋工程及纺织等领域具有广泛的应用前景,是世界各国竞相发展的战略性新材料。本文梳理了我国超高分子量聚乙烯纤维发展历程,总结了当前产业发展现状,分析了存在的问题,并对未来发展提出建议。

单宁酸表面改性PE-UHMW纤维及其界面性能研究

使用单宁酸(TA)对超高分子量聚乙烯(PE-UHMW)纤维进行表面改性,研究了金属离子种类及反应时间对单宁酸与金属离子(TA-[M])改性对PE-UHMW纤维性能的影响,并在TA-[M]改性溶液中引入聚乙烯亚胺(PEI),研究了PEI分子量对TA-[M]-PEI改性PE-UHMW纤维性能影响,以及PEI对TA涂层稳定性的影响。结果表明,TA涂层成功涂覆在PE-UHMW纤维表面,在纤维表面引入了羟基官能团。TA-Fe改性12 h后纤维与环氧树脂(EP)的界面剪切强度较改性前提高了102.03%;与聚氨酯树脂(PU)界面剪切强度提升了97.78%。TA-Fe改性12 h后纤维与PU的界面粘接强度提高了44.35%;与EP的界面粘接强度提高了58.50%。氨基化合物PEI能够改善TA涂层的稳定性,超声清洗实验后PE@TA-Fe-PEI600比PE@TA-Fe界面黏结强度下降少。

超高分子量聚乙烯纤维表面纳米ZnO可控生长及其界面性能研究

首先在超高分子量聚乙烯(PE⁃UHMW)纤维表面形成聚多巴胺涂层,再通过水热法在纤维表面原位生长ZnO纳米阵列。对聚乙烯亚胺(PEI)介导的合成体系ZnO长径比、改性前后PE⁃UHMW纤维的界面性能进行了研究,并揭示了其增强机理。结果表明,ZnO纳米阵列的生长并未对纤维的热稳定性及结晶度产生影响,对纤维的损伤较小;当PEI浓度为3 mmol时,ZnO长径比最高;改性后纤维界面黏结强力提升了63.6%,层间剪切强度提升了70.14%。

超高分子量聚乙烯纤维表面金属化改性及应用

超高分子量聚乙烯(ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene,UHMWPE)纤维及织物因表面呈化学惰性且高度结晶,导致其与复合材料基体之间的界面结合力弱,影响复合材料性能.为增强纤维表面活性,通过无电沉积金属铜的方法实现UHMWPE纤维表面金属化改性,制备UHMWPE-Cu复合纤维,分别考察金属镀层对UHMWPE纤维的形貌、晶体结构、表面粗糙度和电导率等性能的影响,并研究UHMWPE-Cu复合纤维与聚氨酯树脂基体之间的界面黏接性能和抗穿刺性能.结果表明,无电沉积金属化赋予了纤维良好的导电性能,电导率可达660.79 S/cm.同时,金属化增加了纤维的表面活性,提高了纤维与树脂基体之间的界面黏接性能.UHMWPE纤维可增强聚氨酯复合材料的剥离强度,相对于未改性纤维样品提高了108%.此外,UHMWPE纤维的金属化也显著提高了其复合材料的抗穿刺性能,与未改性样品相比,改性的样品抗穿刺性能提升了35%.金属化还大幅度提高了复合材料的电磁屏蔽性能,电磁屏性能可达53 dB,远优于屏蔽应用的合格电磁干扰强度值(20 dB).UHMWPE纤维表面金属化在电磁屏蔽上具有广阔的应用前景.

超高分子量聚乙烯纤维混凝土的抗多次冲击性能

为增强混凝土棚洞的抗落石冲击能力,将超高分子量聚乙烯纤维(UHMWPE纤维)引入混凝土中.设计5种纤维掺量的混凝土,系统开展抗压、抗折、抗多次冲击的实验研究,分析纤维掺量对混凝土基本力学性能的影响.开展纤维混凝土棚洞大尺度抗落石冲击实验,分析UHMWPE纤维对棚洞的缓冲性能.结果表明:UHMWPE纤维能提高混凝土的抗折强度,显著增强混凝土的抗多次冲击性能;当纤维掺量为1.2 kg·m-3时,混凝土抵抗落石多次冲击的性能最优,承受抗冲击次数比素混凝土多12次,并且UHMWPE纤维能提高棚洞抗冲击性能.

乙烯-丙烯酸共聚物改性环氧树脂/UHMWPE纤维复合材料的制备与性能研究

使用乙烯-丙烯酸共聚物(EAA)与环氧树脂复配作为基体,利用水基乳液浸渍超高分子量聚乙烯(UHMWPE)纤维制备了复合材料,通过在树脂浸润性、树脂耐热性能、复合材料力学性能、界面结合情况以及微观形貌等方面的测试表征,对比了不同EAA含量的基体树脂对UHMWPE纤维复合材料性能的影响。结果表明,EAA与环氧树脂质量比为25∶75的共混体系一方面可发挥EAA组分与UHMWPE纤维间亲和力强的优势,另一方面还能凭借环氧树脂的刚性交联网络保持较高的耐热性能,体系的层间剪切强度达到8.7 MPa,在60℃下弯曲强度保持率接近80%,表现出优异的综合性能。

健美操器械用改性超高相对分子质量聚乙烯纤维

为进一步有效优化健美操等体育器械综合性能,本文以氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷为改性剂改性制备了健美操器械用超高相对分子质量聚乙烯纤维,并对其性能进行了测试表征。结果发现,相较于未改性超高相对分子质量聚乙烯纤维,以氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷改性的超高相对分子质量聚乙烯纤维熔融峰温较高,DSC结晶度与XRD结晶度较低,断裂强度、弹性模量、断裂伸长率也相对较小,而界面剪切强度相对较大;以氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷改性的超高相对分子质量聚乙烯纤维拥有良好的热稳定性与耐磨性;随着蠕变温度升高,氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷改性对超高相对分子质量聚乙烯纤维抗蠕变性能的改善效果越来越突出。

Optimization of the Production Process of Flash-Spinning UHMWPE Superfine Fiber by Response Surface Methodology

In this paper, statistical optimization method was used to optimize the flash-spinning process conditions. Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene(UHMWPE) superfine fiber was fabricated by flash-spinning method using UHMWPE as the fiber-forming polymer, 1, 2-dichloroethane as the main solvent. The important parameters of the flash-spinning were filtered by Plackett-Burman experimental design based on the single factor experiments. After determining the best regions of the fiber properties, the optimum level of the important parameters were determined by Box-Behnken design. The results of the design showed that the important parameters influencing on the properties of the flash-spinning fiber were spinning temperature, spinning pressure, and spinning solution concentration. The optimum technical parameters were: spinning temperature 186.4 ℃, spinning pressure 6.16 MPa, spinning solution concentration 3.06%. The highest combination property of the flash-spinning fiber was 86.39 under this condition.