Ultrasonography of splenic abnormalities

AIM: This report gives a comprehensive overview of ultrasonography of splenic abnormalities. Certain ultrasonic features are also discussed with pathologic correlation.METHODS: We review the typical ultrasonic characteristics of a wide range of splenic lesions, illustrating them with images obtained in our institution from 2000 to 2003.One hundred and three patients (47 men, 56 women),with a mean age of 54 years (range 9-92 years), were found to have an abnormal ultrasonic pattern of spleen.RESULTS: We describe the ultrasonic features of various splenic lesions such as accessory spleen, splenomegaly,cysts, cavernous hemangiomas, lymphomas, abscesses,metastatic tumors, splenic infarctions, hematomas, and rupture, based on traditional gray-scale and color Doppler sonography.CONCLUSION: Ultrasound is a widely available, noninvasive,and useful means of diagnosing splenic abnormalities. A combination of ultrasonic characteristics and clinical data may provide an accurate diagnosis. If the US appearance alone is not enough, US may also be used to guide biopsy of suspicious lesions.

Do specific ultrasonography features identified at the time of early pregnancy loss predict fetal chromosomal abnormality? e A systematic review and meta-analysis

To investigate the association of specific ultrasonography features identified during the diagnosis of early pregnancy loss(EPL)and abnormal karyotype.This was a systematic review and meta-analysis conducted in accordance with PRISMA criteria.We searched PubMed,Cochrane and Ovid MEDLINE from 1977 to Jan 2017 to identify the articles that described EPL with karyotype and ultrasonography features.Risk differences were pooled to estimate the chromosomal abnormality rates in ultrasonography features,including pre-embryonic,enlarged yolk sac(YS),short crown rump length(CRL),small gestational sac(GS),symmetrical arrested growth embryo,or gestational sac with only a YS.Quality assessment of included studies was performed using Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology(STROBE)checklists for Observational Studies(2007 version).Thirteen studies were included in the meta-analysis.Chromosomal abnormality was more likely to occur in embryonic EPL and enlarged YS.On the other hand,short CRL,small GS,symmetrical arrested growth embryo,or gestational sac with only a YS,were not associated with an increased risk of fetal chromosomal abnormality.Ultrasonography features at the time of diagnosis of EPL have limited predictive value of fetal chromosomal abnormality.

Fetal central nervous system anomalies: comparison of magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasonography for diagnosis

Background Evaluation of fetal central nervous system （CNS） agenesis by ultrasonography （US） is frequently limited, but magnetic resonance imaging （MRI） has its own advantages and is gaining popularity in displaying suspected fetal anomalies. The purpose of this study was to explore the value of MRI in detecting fetal CNS agenesls. Methods Thirty-four women （aged from 22 to 35 years, average 27 years） with complicated pregnancies （16-- 39 weeks of gestation, average 30 weeks） were examined with a 1.5 T superconductive MR unit within 24 hours after ultrasonography. Half-Fourier acquisition single-shot turbo spin-echo （HASTE） T2-weighted imaging （T2WI） sequence were performed in all patients, and fast low angle shot （FLASH） T1-weighted imaging （T1WI） sequence were applied sequentially in seven of them. Comparison of the results was made between the MRI and US findings as well as autopsy or postnatal follow-up MRI findings. Results The gyms, sulcus, corpus callosum, thalamus, cerebellum, brainstem, and spinal cord of fetus were shown more clearly on T2-weighted MR images than on T1-weighted MR images. MRI corrected the diagnosis of US in 10 cases （10/34, 29.41%） and the diagnosis was missed only in 1 case （1/34, 2.94%）. Conclusion MRI has advantages to US in detecting fetal CNS anomalies and is a supplement to US in complicated pregnancies.

Sonography Cervical Assessment in Twin Pregnancy Correlation with Gestational Age at Delivery

Objective: Observe and correlate the funneling of upper cervical canal by ultrasound and likelihood of cervical incompetence and premature delivery in twin pregnancy. Materials and methods: Retrospective study in twin pregnancies deliveries in 1997, in king Faisal specialist hospital and research center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. A total of 67 twin pregnancies underwent routine ultrasound for fetal assessment, when the cervix closed, long;and short, funneling. The time of ultrasound was divided in three groups by gestational age: from 18 to 22 weeks;from 22 to 26 weeks and from 26 to 30 weeks. The gestational age at delivery was our outcome parameter and subdivided the patients in 4 groups, group 1: patients delivered before 24 weeks (n = 4);group 2: delivered between 24 and 34 weeks (n = 16);group 3: delivered between 34 weeks and 36 weeks and 6 days (n = 18);and group 4: delivered with gestational age equal or above 37 weeks (n = 29). The data was analyzed statistically using Pearson chi square method and p value below 0.05 was considered significant. Results: There was no significant difference among the 4 subgroups in maternal age, body mass index, parity, previous history of preterm delivery or presence of urinary/vaginal infection in actual pregnancy. There was stronger history of mid trimester abortion in patients delivered before 34 weeks of gestational age. Considering the cervical sonographic findings, the diagnosis of funneling between 18 - 22 weeks was higher among the group delivered before 34 weeks of gestational age (1 and 2) comparing to other groups (3 and 4) with p value equal to 0.016. The finding in ultrasound justifies the results of higher aggressive management in patients from groups 1 and 2 comparing with groups 3 and 4;admission to hospital (p = 0.007);emergency cerclage (p = 0.04), complete hospital bed rest (p = 0.002). Conclusion: Cervical assessment during routine ultrasound in twins pregnancy seems to be useful for prediction of preterm delivery and counseling the patient without risk factors regarding cervical cerclage. Because of restricted number of patients, especially group 1 (11 = 4), we suggest further study with bigger sample and prospective trial for valued conclusion.

Clinical study in diagnosis of placental implantation abnormality with transabdominal Doppler ultrasound

Objective: To evaluate the ultrasonographic charateristics and the diagnostic value in placental implantation abnormality (PIA) with transabdominal Doppler ultrasound, and improve the rate of diagnosis accuracy in the prenatal and postnatal of PIA with transabdominal Doppler ultrasound, for early diagnosis and treatment, to avoid hysterectomy caused by fatal bleeding. Methods: There were 61 cases complicated with PIA by operation and pathologically confirmed in our hospital. 33 cases were prenatal PIA, and 28 cases were postnatal PIA. The sonographic characteristics of PIA were summarized, the sensitivity and false negative rate of transabdominal Doppler ultrasound were analyzed with the results of surgical and pathological diagnosis. Results: In the images of prenatal PIA, the incidence of abundant blood flow signals in muscular layer of the placenta was the highest, which could reached 85.7%, followed by placenta 'vortex' and placenta previa;placental remnants were major sonographic performance in postnatal PIA, the incidence rate was 100%, followed by abundant blood flow signals in muscular layer of the placenta and disappeared boundary between myometrium and placenta. 14 cases could be diagnosed as prenatal PIA accurately by transabdominal Doppler ultrasound, the sensitivity was 42.4%, and the false negative rate was 57.6%. 21 cases could be diagnosed as postnatal PIA accurately by transabdominal Doppler ultrasound, the sensitivity was 75.0%, and the false negative rate was 25.0%. Conclusions: The specificity was low in prenatal PIA by transabdominal Doppler ultrasound, but the false negative rate was high. If necessary, the diagnostic accuracy could be improved combined with MRI. The specificity was much higher in postnatal PIA, and the false negative rate was low. The ultrasonography of PIA has some certain characteristics, we should strengthen the consciousness of the diagnosis in PIA, especially in the prenatal PIA, and improve the auxiliary diagnosis.

Observation and analysis of morphology abnormalities in development of Oryzias melastigma embryos

Fish embryos are widely used as models in toxicology,drug development,and human disease research because of their high sensitivity,observability,and operability,providing the basis for an in-depth understanding of the embryogenesis.Increasing studies have indicated that birth defects are hereditary.In this study,we used Oryzias melastigma as a model to conduct a study of 185-day embryogenesis and observed self-induced non-pathological abnormal embryogenesis.O.melastigma experienced pre-puberty stage,adolescence stage,and senescence stage,and individuals produced up to 102 eggs per day.However,the fecundity was markedly reduced during the senescent stage.During the active egg and blastodisc stages,pseudo-fertilization and pseudo-blastocysts were observed.During cleavage at the 4-to 32-cell stages,we observed blastomeres separation or dislocation.Excessively separated blastomeres formed double blastoderms,eventually resulting in conjoined twins.During the blastula stage,we observed abnormally increased cell volume,narrowed and elongated blastocysts,and abnormally coated blastoderms.At the organogenesis stage,we observed abnormal numbers of Kupff er’s vesicles and conjoined twins.Abnormality in the location and number of oil droplets were observed in various development stages.Abnormal development was more commonly observed in fertilized eggs produced by broodstock in pre-puberty or senescence stages,which is probably related to the age of fish and the egg quality.This study can provide the materials for comparative analysis in toxicological and molecular studies of O.melastigma,and may provide evidence for other economic fish that produce sticky eggs.

超声评估颈项透明层厚度增厚和鼻骨钙化不良结合染色体微阵列分析在胎儿产前诊断中的应用

目的探讨染色体微阵列分析(chromosomal microarray analysis,CMA)在颈项透明层厚度(Nuchal translucency,NT)增厚和鼻骨钙化不良胎儿产前诊断中的应用价值。方法选择2022年9月至2024年4月期间在本院产前诊断中心诊断为NT增厚和/或鼻骨钙化不良并接受了CMA、染色体核型分析的75例胎儿进行研究,分析NT增厚和鼻骨钙化不良与染色体异常的关系、CMA对NT增厚和鼻骨钙化不良胎儿的染色体异常检出情况,以及超声联合CMA在产前诊断中的价值。结果75例NT增厚和/或鼻骨钙化不良的胎儿中,核型分析检出染色体非整倍体11例,CMA额外检出致病性拷贝数目变异(Copy number variations,CNV)5例,额外检出率为6.7%。单纯NT增厚、鼻骨钙化不良胎儿的CMA额外诊断率分别为6.0%、5.0%。结论CMA技术在NT增厚和鼻骨钙化不良胎儿的产前诊断中的价值较高,能够提高胎儿染色体异常的检出率,多种技术的联合应用可为胎儿提供更全面的评估。

超声测量前额空间比联合无创产前DNA筛查早孕期胎儿染色体异常的临床价值

目的应用超声测量前额空间比(PFSR),探讨其联合无创产前DNA检测(NIPT)在早孕期胎儿染色体异常筛查中的临床应用价值。方法选取在我院接受早孕期羊水穿刺染色体核型检测的高危孕妇80例,均行产前超声检查及NIPT,以羊水穿刺染色体核型检测结果为金标准,比较超声测量PFSR、NIPT及两者联合应用筛查早孕期胎儿染色体异常的诊断效能。结果80例高危孕妇中,羊水穿刺染色体核型检测筛查胎儿染色体异常11例,其中21-三体综合征6例,18-三体综合征2例,13-三体综合征2例,Turner综合征1例。超声测量PFSR筛查早孕期胎儿染色体异常的灵敏度、特异度及准确率分别为63.64%、86.96%、83.75%;NIPT的灵敏度、特异度及准确率分别为72.73%、88.41%、86.25%;两者联合应用的灵敏度、特异度及准确率分别为90.91%、98.55%、97.50%,均高于单一方法,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论超声测量PFSR联合NIPT能提高筛查早孕期胎儿染色体异常的诊断效能,具有较好的临床应用价值。

Ultrasound blood flow characteristics changes in fetal umbilical artery thrombosis:A retrospective analysis

BACKGROUND Umbilical artery thrombosis(UAT)is extremely uncommon and leads to adverse perinatal outcomes.Hypercoagulation of blood in pregnant women is suspected to be an important risk for UAT.Ultrasound is an effective way to detect thrombosis.The mother can monitor her own fetal health using ultrasound,which enables her to take preventative action in case of emergency.AIM To investigate ultrasonic blood signal after UAT in the umbilical artery,and evaluate the relationship between hypercoagulability and UAT.METHODS We described a case of a newly formed UAT with markedly altered ultrasonic indices of umbilical artery blood flow,and retrospectively studied it with 18 UAT patients confirmed by histopathology from October 2019 and March 2023 in Xiamen Women and Children's Hospital.Patients’information was collected from medical archives,including maternal clinical data,neonatal outcomes,pathological findings and ultrasonic indices of umbilical artery blood flow,such as systolic-diastolic duration ratio(S/D),resistance index(RI),pulsatility index(PI)and peak systolic velocity(PSV).Ultrasound and coagulation indices were analyzed with matched samples t-test and Wilcoxon rank sum test using the statistical packages in R(version 4.2.1)including car(version 3.1-0)and stats(version 4.2.1),and visualized by ggplot2 package(version 3.3.6).RESULTS A patient with normal findings in second and third-trimester routine ultrasound scan developed UAT with severe changes in ultrasonic indices of umbilical artery blood flow(within 2.5th of reference ranges)in a short period of time.Statistical analysis of umbilical artery blood flow ultrasound indices for 19 patients with UAT showed that the decrease in S/D,RI,and PI and increase of PSV during the disease process was greater than that of non-UAT.All 18 patients delivered in our hospital showed characteristic manifestations of UAT on histological examination after delivery,most of which(16/18)showed umbilical cord abnormalities,with 15 umbilical cord torsion and 1 pseudoknot.Coagulation parameters were not significantly changed in UAT patients compared with normal pregnancy women.CONCLUSION Significant changes in ultrasound indicators after UAT were demonstrated.PSV can play important roles in the diagnosis of UAT.Hypercoagulability alone is not sufficient for the occurrence of UAT.

腔内三维超声联合临床指标对剖宫产术后子宫切口憩室致子宫异常出血的价值

目的 探讨腔内三维超声联合临床指标在剖宫产术后子宫切口憩室致子宫异常出血的价值。方法 收集2017年1月~2023年4月在石河子市人民医院行阴道超声检查的126例剖宫产术后合并子宫切口憩室的患者资料。根据患者剖宫产术后出血情况分为组1(无异常出血,n=72)、组2(异常出血,n=54),所有患者均行阴道超声(二维超声及三维超声)检查。分析比较两组间临床特征(子宫位置、剖宫产次数以及剖宫产缝线方式等)以及子宫切口憩室超声特征(憩室形态、憩室容积、憩室长度、憩室深度以及残余肌层厚度等)的差异,建立基于临床及超声特征的预测模型,探索剖宫产术后合并子宫切口憩室患者子宫异常出血的独立危险因素,并评价此模型的预测价值。结果 两组间剖宫产次数、子宫位置、子宫内膜厚度、憩室深度、憩室长度、憩室容积、憩室比以及残余肌层厚度的差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);多因素回归分析显示,子宫位置、剖宫产次数、憩室容积、憩室比以及残余肌层厚度是子宫异常出血的独立危险因素(OR=0.087、10.385、4.658、12.892、0.001,P<0.05),与各单因素相比,此模型预测子宫异常出血的AUC为0.936,高于各单因素(AUC=0.567、0.705、0.836、0.895、0.870,P<0.05),该联合预测模型以-6.28为截断值时,敏感度为87.04%,特异性为91.67%,准确度为89.68%,且与临床诊断结果有良好一致性(Kappa=0.789,P<0.001)。结论 子宫位置、剖宫产次数、憩室容积、憩室比以及残余肌层厚度是剖宫产术后子宫切口憩室合并子宫异常出血的独立危险因素,超声及临床特征对预测剖宫产术后子宫切口憩室致子宫异常出血有重要预测价值。

z-score值联合节段分析法诊断胎儿圆锥动脉干畸形的研究

目的:探究超声心动图z-score值联合节段分析法在产前诊断胎儿心脏圆锥动脉干畸形中的价值。方法:选取2020年1月—2021年1月我院行胎儿心脏超声检查正常的胎儿1896例,构建大动脉各节段的孕周(GA)—z-score模型,选取2021年5月-2023年4月我院超声科进行胎儿心脏超声检查的1989例胎儿为研究对象,测量胎儿主动脉瓣环(AV)、升主动脉(AAO)、主动脉弓(ARCH)、降主动脉(DAO)、主动脉峡部、肺动脉瓣环(PV)、主肺动脉(MPA)、左肺动脉(LPA)、右肺动脉(RPA)内径,计算胎儿大动脉血管内径z-score值,结合节段分析法,诊断胎儿圆锥动脉干发育畸形。结果:共检出正常胎儿1927例,胎儿圆锥动脉干畸形62例,其中法洛四联症15例,完全性大动脉转位9例,右室双出口7例,主动脉增宽2例,主动脉缩窄6例,肺动脉增宽10例,肺动脉狭窄4例,主动脉瓣狭窄、肺动脉增宽合并永存左上腔静脉1例,双主动脉弓2例,主动脉弓离断1例,永存动脉干1例,肺动脉闭锁1例,右位主动脉弓并左锁骨下动脉迷走3例,误诊2例,漏诊1例,诊断灵敏度98.4%,特异度99.9%,阳性预测值96.8%,阴性预测值99.9%。z-score值联合节段分析法与二维超声联合节段分析法诊断结果具有统计学差异。结论:采用超声心动图z-score值联合节段分析法诊断胎儿圆锥动脉干畸形的类型,评估病变程度以及预后具有显著性,对指导优生优育具有重要意义。

中红外光谱双重校验异常样本检测方法研究

中红外吸收光谱法目前最有前途的无创血糖检测技术之一。中红外吸收光谱的血糖浓度检测结果准确性与光谱信号的可靠性密切相关。采集中红外光谱信号的过程易受环境或人为等因素的影响而产生包含大量干扰信息的异常光谱。异常样本存在会降低预测模型的有效性和可靠性,故异常样本的检测和剔除至关重要。本研究提出双重校验异常样本检测法能够将异常样本准确筛选出来并剔除。本算法分为两个阶段,首先利用蒙特卡洛交叉验证异常样本检测,初步筛选异常样本,提高光谱样本集的稳定性;其次以马氏距离平方近似服从卡方分布为理论基础,自适应确定最优阈值,对剩余数据集进行异常样本再识别。以64份包含葡萄糖、白蛋白、尿素、乳酸、果糖、胆固醇在内的葡萄糖混合仿体溶液样本为研究对象。双重校验法首先利用预测误差平方和对异常样本敏感的特性对光谱数据集中的异常样本进行初步判定,共检测出3个异常样本,从光谱数据集中剔除检测出的异常样本后建立PLS校正模型,该模型的相关系数为0.91,RMSECV为60.17 mg·dL^(-1)。其次,双重校验法以马氏距离平方近似服从卡方分布为理论基础,实现异常样本自适应识别。共检测出了12个异常样本,剔除全部异常样本后构建的PLS模型性能得到了提升,相关系数达到0.99,RMSECV达到57.77 mg·dL^(-1)。通过与无异常样本剔除、PCA-MD法、蒙特卡洛法相比较双重校验法结果最优,证明了本算法在异常样本检测上的优越性。与未剔除异常样本时的PLS模型相比,相关系数从0.86上升到了0.99,RMSECV从67.51 mg·dL^(-1)降低至57.77 mg·dL^(-1),分别提升了15.12%、14.42%。本研究针对异常样本检测方法中易受阈值影响而出现正常样本误检或异常样本漏检的问题给出了很好的解决策略,该方法能够准确检测并剔除异常样本,进而提高预测模型的精度和预测性能。为中红外光谱数据集异常样本的准确剔除提供了一种思路。

双绒毛膜双胎之一胎盘植入性疾病临床及超声征象分析(附7例报道)

目的探讨双绒毛膜双胎之一胎盘植入性疾病(placenta accreta spectrum,PAS)的高危因素及产前超声征象。方法回顾性选取2013年1月至2023年4月首都医科大学附属北京妇产医院双绒毛膜双胎之一PAS患者7例,总结患者临床资料及超声声像图特点。结果7例患者年龄31~52岁,中位年龄37岁,均合并3种及以上高危因素。4例产前经超声诊断PAS,存在胎盘植入的典型征象,3例产前超声漏诊,均无剖宫产手术史;4例双活胎,经剖宫产分娩,3例双胎之一胚胎停育;2例术中出血量为8000 ml及3500 ml,行全子宫切除术,余5例保留子宫。结论双绒毛膜双胎妊娠孕妇合并前置胎盘、剖宫产史、高龄及体外受精-胚胎移植等高危因素时,发生PAS的风险增高。规范产前超声检查可提高双绒毛膜双胎之一PAS早期检出率,改善妊娠结局。

独眼畸形三倍体死胎一例

独眼畸形通常由于胚胎两眼原基未完全分离或者前脑中部发育障碍,导致两侧原始视泡向中线融合引发,是前脑无裂畸形相关面部畸形中最严重的一种表现。报告1例妊娠16周独眼畸形死胎病例,该例孕妇妊娠14+3周时行胎儿颈后透明层检查发现头颅内异常液性暗区,妊娠终止后引产儿面部可见单眼眶及其上方的前额鼻肉柱,经基因组拷贝数变异测序(copy number variation sequencing,CNV-seq)分析发现染色体三倍体变异、嵌合比约32%的X染色体嵌合重复以及嵌合比约32%的Y染色体嵌合缺失。独眼畸形的病因具有异质性,目前其发病机制尚未明确,妊娠期影像学检查和产前诊断为常用检查方法,在诊断后应尽早终止妊娠,减轻孕妇身心损害及社会医疗经济负担。

纵隔子宫患者妊娠晚期剖宫产母儿结局分析

目的:分析妊娠晚期行剖宫产术的纵隔子宫患者的母儿结局情况。方法:收集于华中科技大学同济医学院附属同济医院行剖宫产术的≥34周的纵隔子宫孕妇80例作为研究组,选取同期≥34周行剖宫产的正常子宫孕妇80例作为对照组。比较2组孕妇的一般情况、胎盘和胎儿情况、术中出血量和新生儿情况。结果:2组孕妇年龄、孕次、产前体质量、辅助生殖技术助孕、母体合并症、胎盘异常情况、胎膜早破、脐带绕颈2周及以上、术中出血量、新生儿窒息和低出生体质量儿等方面比较,差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05),纵隔子宫组孕妇既往产次、终止妊娠孕周和新生儿出生体质量低于对照组,胎儿臀位比例高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论:≥34周的纵隔子宫孕妇常常合并胎方位的临床问题,适时终止妊娠并适当采取剖宫产术,母儿结局与子宫正常孕妇相似。

联合应用二维及三维超声诊断子宫附腔畸形

子宫附腔畸形(accessory cavitated uterine malformation,ACUM)为生殖系统罕见畸形,由苗勒管畸形所致,常见于育龄期女性[1],临床表现为痛经进行性加重及盆腔痛,严重时可影响生育能力[2-3]。早期准确诊断ACUM至关重要。本研究观察二维联合三维超声诊断ACUM的价值。

胎儿尿直肠隔畸形序列征产前超声表现

胎儿/新生儿尿直肠隔畸形序列征(urorectal septum malformation sequence,URSMS)包括生殖器模糊、无会阴开口及泌尿生殖系统、胃肠道和腰骶部畸形等多系统畸形[1],多于产后确诊;新生儿URSMS发病率为1/250000~1/50000[2]。超声为目前产前诊断URSMS的主要方式。本研究与新生儿MRI对比,观察7胎URSMS产前超声表现。

先天性肺气道畸形与支气管肺隔离症产前超声表现用于预测新生儿不良转归

目的观察先天性肺气道畸形(CPAM)与支气管肺隔离症(BPS)产前超声表现用于预测新生儿不良转归的价值。方法回顾性分析51胎CPAM、BPS或混合型病变单胎胎儿,观察其产前超声表现,测算肺部肿块体积与头围比(CVR);绘制受试者工作特征曲线,计算曲线下面积(AUC),评估CVR预测肺部肿块胎儿新生儿期不良转归的效能。结果产前超声于51胎均检出肺部肿块,平均最大径(35.9±12.3)mm;其中28胎(28/51,54.90%)合并纵隔移位,3胎(3/51,5.88%)合并胸腔积液,3胎(3/51,5.88%)合并羊水过多,5胎(5/51,9.80%)合并其他肺外畸形;均未见胎儿水肿;根据病变供血动脉诊断29胎(29/51,56.86%)CPAM、20胎(20/51,39.22%)BPS及2胎(2/51,3.92%)混合型病变。以胎儿肺部肿块初次CVR(CVR_(1))、最大CVR(CVR_(2))及末次CVR(CVR_(3))测值预测新生儿呼吸窘迫及接受肺部手术治疗的AUC为0.907~0.993。CVR_(3)≥1.25为肺部肿块胎儿出生后发生新生儿呼吸窘迫的独立预测因素(OR=40.000,P=0.016)。结论CPAM及BPS产前超声表现具有一定特征性;CVR为预测CPAM及BPS胎儿出生后新生儿期不良转归的可靠指标。

CT尿路成像与超声、静脉肾盂造影在重复肾、重复输尿管畸形的诊断对比

目的探讨CT尿路成像(CTU)、超声和静脉肾盂造影(IVP)在重复肾、重复输尿管畸形诊断中的应用价值。方法对2016年2月至2021年10月海军第九七一医院收治的79例重复肾、重复输尿管畸形患者进行超声、IVP及CTU检查的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果超声、IVP和CTU对重复肾、重复输尿管畸形的诊断符合率分别为64.6%、72.2%、96.2%。CTU检查及影像后处理图像在重复肾、重复输尿管畸形中具有清晰、立体的征象,能够满足诊断需要。结论CTU在检查诊断重复肾、重复输尿管畸形中能够提供全面、准确的临床诊断信息,正确率高于超声和IVP,值得推广应用。

产前超声诊断Binder综合征

Binder综合征是罕见的先天性面中部发育畸形[1],发病率约1/18000[2]。三维超声具有立体成像、动态可视化等优点,能实时、动态观察胎儿颜面部结构,已广泛应用于临床。本研究观察产前超声诊断Binder综合征的价值。1资料与方法1.1研究对象收集2019年10月—2022年10月于甘肃省妇幼保健院经产前超声诊断为Binder综合征的7胎胎儿,均为单胎,孕周22~24周、平均(22.9±0.7)周;孕妇年龄26~36岁、平均(30.0±3.3)岁,其中1名孕期有环境毒害物(甲醛)接触史,1名有孕早期服药史(布洛芬),1名孕期从事美甲工作并频繁接触甲醇、乙醛等化学溶剂。本研究经院伦理委员会批准[(2021)GSFY伦审[47]号];孕妇及其家属均知情同意。