Cytopathologic diagnosis of fine needle aspiration biopsies of thyroid nodules

Fine-needle aspiration(FNA) cytology is an important diagnostic tool in patients with thyroid lesions.Several systems have been proposed for the cyropathologic diagnosis of the thyroid nodules.However cases with indeterminate cytological findings still remain a matter of debate.In this review we analyze all literature regarding Thyroid Cytopathology Reporting systems trying to identify the most suitable methodology to use in clinical practice for the preoperative diagnosis of thyroid nodules.A review of the English literature was conducted,and data were analyzed and summarized and integrated from the authors' perspective.The main purpose of thyroid FNA is to identify patients with higher risk for malignancy,and to prevent unnecessary surgeries for benign conditions.The Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology is the most widely used system for the diagnosis of thyroid FNA specimens.This system also contains guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of indeterminate or suspicious for malignancy cases.In conclusion,patients who require repeated FNAs for indeterminate diagnoses will be resolved by repeat FNA in a percentage of 72%-80%.

Peritoneal dissemination of pancreatic cancer caused by endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration:A case report and literature review

BACKGROUND Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration(EUS-FNA)is a biopsy technique widely used to diagnose pancreatic tumors because of its high sensitivity and specificity.Although needle-tract seeding caused by EUS-FNA has been recently reported,dissemination of pancreatic cancer cells is generally considered to be a rare complication that does not affect patient prognosis.However,the frequency of dissemination and needle-tract seeding appears to have been underestimated.We present a case of peritoneal dissemination of pancreatic cancer due to preoperative EUS-FNA.CASE SUMMARY An 81-year-old man was referred to the Department of Surgery of our hospital in Japan owing to the detection of a pancreatic mass on computed tomography during medical screening.Trans-gastric EUS-FNA revealed that the mass was an adenocarcinoma;hence laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy with lymphadenectomy was performed.No intraoperative peritoneal dissemination and liver metastasis were visually detected,and pelvic lavage cytology was negative for carcinoma cells.The postoperative surgical specimen was negative for carcinoma cells at the dissected margin and the cut end margin;however,pathological findings revealed adenocarcinoma cells on the peritoneal surface proximal to the needle puncture site,and the cells were suspected to be disseminated via EUSFNA.Hence,the patient received adjuvant therapy with S-1(tegafur,gimeracil,and oteracil potassium);however,computed tomography performed 5 mo after surgery revealed liver metastasis and cancerous peritonitis.The patient received palliative therapy and died 8 mo after the operation.CONCLUSION The indications of EUS-FNA should be carefully considered to avoid iatrogenic dissemination,especially for cancers in the pancreatic body or tail.

Endoscopic ultrasound fine needle aspiration vs fine needle biopsy in solid lesions:A multi-center analysis

BACKGROUND While endoscopic ultrasound(EUS)-guided fine needle aspiration(FNA)is considered a preferred technique for tissue sampling for solid lesions,fine needle biopsy(FNB)has recently been developed.AIM To compare the accuracy of FNB vs FNA in determining the diagnosis of solid lesions.METHODS A retrospective,multi-center study of EUS-guided tissue sampling using FNA vs FNB needles.Measured outcomes included diagnostic test characteristics(i.e.,sensitivity,specificity,accuracy),use of rapid on-site evaluation(ROSE),and adverse events.Subgroup analyses were performed by type of lesion and diagnostic yield with or without ROSE.A multivariable logistic regression was also performed.RESULTS A total of 1168 patients with solid lesions(n=468 FNA;n=700 FNB)underwent EUS-guided sampling.Mean age was 65.02±12.13 years.Overall,sensitivity,specificity and accuracy were superior for FNB vs FNA(84.70%vs 74.53%;99.29%vs 96.62%;and 87.62%vs 81.55%,respectively;P<0.001).On subgroup analyses,sensitivity,specificity,and accuracy of FNB alone were similar to FNA+ROSE[(81.66%vs 86.45%;P=0.142),(100%vs 100%;P=1.00)and(88.40%vs 85.43%;P=0.320].There were no difference in diagnostic yield of FNB alone vs FNB+ROSE(P>0.05).Multivariate analysis showed no significant predictor for better accuracy.On subgroup analyses,FNB was superior to FNA for non-pancreatic lesions;however,there was no difference between the techniques among pancreatic lesions.One adverse event was reported in each group.CONCLUSION FNB is superior to FNA with equivalent diagnostic test characteristics compared to FNA+ROSE in the diagnosis of non-pancreatic solid lesions.Our results suggest that EUS-FNB may eliminate the need of ROSE and should be employed as a first-line method in the diagnosis of solid lesions.

The Role of a Pre-Fine Needle Aspiration Clinic in Improving the Quality of Thyroid Nodule Investigation in Saskatchewan

Background: The Canadian province of Saskatchewan introduced a pre-fine needle aspiration (FNA) clinic to review adherence of referrals for thyroid biopsy based on the guidelines of the American College of Radiology’s (ACR) Thyroid Imaging, Reporting and Data System (TI-RADS) scoring system. The intention is to minimize low-yield biopsy rates by improving the quality of thyroid nodule investigation in Saskatchewan through this clinic. TI-RADS is a malignancy risk scoring system for thyroid nodules based on five sonographic characteristics: composition, echogenicity, shape, margin, and echogenic foci (calcium). Recommendations for intervention or clinical follow-up are further determined by the size of the nodule. Methods: Through a retrospective chart review of all thyroid biopsy referrals to the Royal University Hospital (RUH) in Saskatchewan between 22 March 2016 and 17 May 2018, the impact of the multidisciplinary pre-FNA clinic on appropriate thyroid biopsies in Saskatchewan was evaluated. Results: This study evaluated 252 referrals, 203 of which underwent FNA and 23 which received surgical biopsy. TI-RADS scores appended to thyroid biopsy referrals increased upon pre-FNA clinic initiation, yet score quality did not improve. Rates of malignant biopsies were lower than ACR-reporting suggesting inappropriate biopsy of low risk nodules perhaps by overcalling the TI-RADS score. The majority of FNA cytology matched final surgical pathology, with 78% of indeterminate FNAs being malignant, and all non-diagnostic FNAs being benign. Conclusions: The implementation of the pre-FNA clinic reduced the number of thyroid biopsies in Saskatchewan by 11% overall.

Comprehensive review on endoscopic ultrasound-guided tissue acquisition techniques for solid pancreatic tumor

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is speculated to become the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality by 2030,a high mortality rate considering the number of cases.Surgery and chemotherapy are the main treatment options,but they are burdensome for patients.A clear histological diagnosis is needed to determine a treatment plan,and endoscopic ultrasound(EUS)-guided tissue acquisition(TA)is a suitable technique that does not worsen the cancer-specific prognosis even for lesions at risk of needle tract seeding.With the development of personalized medicine and precision treatment,there has been an increasing demand to increase cell counts and collect specimens while preserving tissue structure,leading to the development of the fine-needle biopsy(FNB)needle.EUS-FNB is rapidly replacing EUS-guided fine-needle aspiration(FNA)as the procedure of choice for EUS-TA of pancreatic cancer.However,EUS-FNA is sometimes necessary where the FNB needle cannot penetrate small hard lesions,so it is important clinicians are familiar with both.Given these recent developments,we present an up-to-date review of the role of EUS-TA in pancreatic cancer.Particularly,technical aspects,such as needle caliber,negative pressure,and puncture methods,for obtaining an adequate specimen in EUS-TA are discussed.

Septic shock due to Granulicatella adiacens after endoscopic ultrasound-guided biopsy of a splenic mass:A case report

BACKGROUND Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration or biopsy(EUS-FNA or FNB)has become a popular method for diagnosing various lesions of the gastrointestinal tract and surrounding tissue due to the accuracy and safety.To the best of our knowledge,no case report of severe infection after EUS-FNB of a solid lesion in the spleen has been described.Herein,we report a rare case of septic shock after EUS-FNB of a splenic mass.CASE SUMMARY A 45-year-old male patient presented to the outpatient clinic due to an incidentally detected splenic mass.A definitive diagnosis could not be established based on the abdominal magnetic resonance imaging.EUS of the spleen showed a 6 cm-sized,relatively well-demarcated,heterogeneous mass,and EUS-FNB with a 22G needle was performed.Ten days after the procedure patient developed septic shock and a splenic abscess was identified.Blood culture revealed growth of Granulicatella adiacens.After the treatment with antibiotics the patient underwent surgical resection,and the pathological examination showed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.The patient received chemotherapy and he is in complete remission.CONCLUSION Infection of a splenic mass after EUS-FNB is a rare complication and prophylactic antibiotics might be considered.

Endoscopic ultrasound-through-the-needle biopsy in pancreatic cystic lesions: A large single center experience

BACKGROUND Establishing a diagnosis of pancreatic cystic lesions(PCLs)preoperatively still remains challenging.Recently,endoscopic ultrasound(EUS)-through-the-needle biopsy(EUS-TTNB)using microforceps in PCLs has been made available.AIM To assess the efficacy and safety of EUS-TTNB in the diagnosis of PCLs.METHODS We retrospectively collected data of patients with PCLs who underwent both EUS-fine-needle aspiration(FNA)for cytology and EUS-TTNB at our institution since 2016.EUS-FNA for cytology was followed by EUS-TTNB in the same session.Evaluation of the cyst location,primary diagnosis,adverse events,and comparison between the cytologic fluid analyses and histopathology was performed.Technical success of EUS-TTNB was defined as visible tissue present after biopsy.Clinical success was defined as the presence of a specimen adequate to make a histologic or cytologic diagnosis.RESULTS A total of 56 patients(mean age 66.9±11.7,53.6%females)with PCLs were enrolled over the study period.The mean cyst size was 28.8 mm(12-85 mm).The EUS-TTNB procedure was technically successful in all patients(100%).The clinical success rate using EUS-TTNB was much higher than standard EUS-FNA,respectively 80.4%(45/56)vs 25%(14/56).Adverse events occurred in 2 patients(3.6%)who developed mild pancreatitis that resolved with medical therapy.Using TTNB specimens,23 of 32 cases(71.9%)with intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm were further differentiated into gastric type(19 patients)and pancreaticobiliary type(4 patients)based on immunochemical staining.CONCLUSION EUS-TTNB for PCLs was technically feasible and had a favorable safety profile.Furthermore,the diagnostic yield for PCLs was much higher with EUS-TTNB than standard EUS-FNA cytology and fluid carcinoembryonic antigen.EUSTTNB should be considered as an adjunct to EUS-FNA and cytologic analysis in the diagnosis and management of PCLs.

Electronic Synoptic Reporting of Thyroid Nodules: Potential for Reduction in Number of Patients Undergoing Thyroid Nodule Biopsies

Purpose: The objective of the study was to design and implement an electronic synoptic report for thyroid sonography that incorporates the thyroid imaging reporting and data system (TIRADS) and assess potential for reducing unnecessary fine needle aspiration biopsies (FNAB) of thyroid nodules. Methods: The electronic synoptic report was developed using a relational database based on elements from TIRADS and a multidisciplinary consensus statement for thyroid reporting. A retrospective analysis of 138 patients with previously reported thyroid sonographic exams was evaluated for the presence of these elements. The electronic synoptic report calculates the TIRADS score and generates a formal report. Using the TIRADS score the potential decrease in unnecessary FNAB was estimated. Results: Key TIRADS elements were variously reported ranging from 43% for the thyroid nodule’s architecture as solid or cystic. Thyroid nodule echogenicity and calcification was commented in 27% and 23%, respectively. Other features of the TIRADS score were commented in 0% to 8% of the official reports. Estimated reduction for potentially reduced need for FNAB was 34.5%. Conclusions: This study is the first implementation of synoptic reporting using a relational database for sonography of thyroid nodules. Implementation of an electronic standardized synoptic reporting system may facilitate more accurate, and more comprehensive reporting for thyroid ultrasound scanning of thyroid nodules. The use of TIRADS was estimated to be able to potentially reduce the need for FNAB which was significant.

细针穿刺、粗针穿刺及两者联合诊断甲状腺结节的前瞻性对比研究

目的:对比研究超声引导下细针穿刺(FNA)、粗针穿刺(CNB)和粗细针穿刺结合(FNA+CNB)对同一甲状腺结节的诊断效能。方法:选取105例甲状腺结节患者(112个结节)作为研究对象,对每个结节同时行超声引导下细针(FNA)和粗针(CNB)穿刺,分别比较FNA、CNB、FNA+CNB对甲状腺结节的诊断效能;根据超声特征(结节最大径、粗大钙化、纵横比、囊实性)进行分组,比较FNA、CNB的诊断准确度。结果:剔除14个穿刺失败结节后,剩余98个结节进入研究,FNA、CNB取材成功率分别为89.4%、97.3%(P<0.05)。FNA、CNB、FNA+CNB诊断甲状腺结节的敏感度分别为93.1%、75.9%、100%,FNA、FNA+CNB优于CNB(P<0.05);特异度分别为60%、90%、57.5%,CNB优于FNA、FNA+CNB(P<0.05);阴性预测值分别为85.7%、72%、100%,FNA+CNB优于CNB(P<0.05)。ROC曲线分析显示,CNB曲线下面积(AUC)大于FNA(0.829 vs.0.766,P<0.05)。亚组分析中,对于直径<0.5 cm的结节,CNB诊断特异度高于FNA(100%vs.50%,P=0.014),FNA诊断敏感度高于CNB(93.3%vs.46.7%,P=0.033)。结节大小和纵横比可能会影响CNB的诊断结果,直径≥0.5 cm敏感度更高,纵横比≤1准确度更高(P<0.05);结节囊实性可能会影响FNA诊断结果,实性结节准确度更高(P<0.05)。结论:CNB对甲状腺结节良恶性的检出具有更高的诊断价值,但直径<0.5cm的结节使用FNA具有更高的敏感度。

甲状腺结节大小对超声引导下细针穿刺活检标本质量影响的研究

本研究旨在评估甲状腺结节大小对超声引导下细针穿刺活检(US-FNAB)标本质量的影响。回顾性分析由同一名超声医生独立完成的614例共733个甲状腺结节US-FNAB患者资料,根据甲状腺结节直径分为A组(<5 mm)、B组(5~10 mm)和C组(>10 mm),比较各组间标本不满意率。A组189个结节,不满意率为11.6%(22/189);B组397个结节,不满意率为10.8%(43/397);C组147个结节,不满意率为9.5%(14/147)。三组间US-FNAB标本不满意率比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。对于一名具有丰富操作经验的医生,甲状腺结节大小不会影响US-FNAB的标本质量。

超声引导下甲状腺细针穿刺联合常规超声在不同TI-RADS分级甲状腺结节中诊断价值分析

目的探讨超声引导下甲状腺细针穿刺联合常规超声在不同甲状腺影像报告和数据系统(TI-RADS)分级甲状腺结节中诊断价值。方法选取2022年1月到2023年12月延安市人民医院收治的86例采取手术治疗的甲状腺结节患者(结节数96个)进行回顾性分析,分析患者术前超声诊断资料与超声引导下甲状腺细针穿刺诊断结果;以术后病理诊断作为“金标准”,建立受试者操作特征(ROC)曲线分析超声引导下甲状腺细针穿刺联合常规超声在不同TI-RADS分级甲状腺结节中诊断价值。结果86例甲状腺结节患者通过常规超声诊断,3类、4a类、4b类、4c类、5类结节数量分别为6个、46个、28个、11个、5个。常规超声3类良性结节占比为6.25%,低于手术病理结果(15.63%),4~5类恶性结节占比为93.75%,高于手术病理结果(84.37%),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。86例甲状腺结节患者通过超声引导下甲状腺细针穿刺诊断3类良性结节占比12.50%,4~5类恶性结节占比87.50%,与手术病理结果(15.63%、84.37%)比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。86例患者手术病理诊断确诊为恶性甲状腺结节的患者37例,良性58例。常规超声诊断准确率为65.12%,显著低于超声引导下甲状腺细针穿刺诊断准确率(94.19%)、手术病理诊断准确率(100.00%),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。ROC曲线分析结果显示,常规超声、超声引导下甲状腺细针穿刺、二者联合诊断甲状腺结节的敏感度从低到高依次为52.58%、80.25%、91.26%,特异度从低到高依次为64.32%、91.36%、98.63%。结论超声引导下甲状腺细针穿刺联合常规超声对甲状腺结节的鉴别与诊断具有显著价值,临床可考虑针对甲状腺结节患者通过常规超声进行TI-RADS分级,再针对4~5类患者采取超声引导下甲状腺细针穿刺进行诊断,提升诊断准确性。

B超、双能CT、细针穿刺在甲状腺乳头状癌术前评估淋巴结转移中的优化选择

目的探寻高分辨率超声检查(B超)、双能计算机断层扫描(DECT)以及细针穿刺抽吸活检(FNAB)在甲状腺癌患者术前淋巴结转移(LNM)诊断时的最佳选择。方法回顾性分析了1174例在南京医科大学第一附属医院行手术治疗的甲状腺乳头状癌患者的资料,术前所有患者均行B超和DECT检查,其中167例患者加做侧区淋巴结FNAB和细针穿刺抽吸物洗脱液甲状腺球蛋白测定(FNA-TG)以评估LNM情况,手术后的常规病理结果作为诊断“金标准”,分析不同情况下甲状腺乳头状癌(PTC)LNM评估方法的最优选择。结果DECT对于中央区淋巴结转移(CLNM)和侧区PTC淋巴结转移(LLNM)预测的灵敏度较B超有显著提高(55.4%vs.44.8%,P<0.001)(90.9%vs.71.6%,P<0.001),B超在LLNM预测的特异性较DECT有优势(72.7%vs.42.7%,P<0.001);B超、DECT联合诊断对CLNM和LLNM的阳性预测准确率较高(91.6%,94.8%),当联合诊断结果不一致时其阳性预测值明显下降(74.3%,63.1%)。此时,增加可疑淋巴结FNAB及FNA-TG检测后其准确率增加至87.9%。结论B超、DECT联合评估是必要的;联合诊断均有转移时,不需要进行额外检查,联合诊断结果不一致时,需要进一步进行淋巴结的FNAB和FNA-TG检测以避免不必要的侧区清扫。

细针穿刺病理检查鉴别甲状腺结节良恶性的价值及其穿刺标本质量的影响因素分析

目的:探讨超声引导下的细针穿刺病理检查对甲状腺结节良恶性的鉴别价值,并分析其穿刺标本质量的影响因素。方法:收集2017年01月至2021年12月于我院行甲状腺结节细针穿刺活检的577例患者临床资料,其中79例(100个结节)接受了甲状腺手术切除并获得组织学病理结果,以手术病理学结果为诊断金标准,分析超声引导下细针穿刺病理检查对甲状腺结节良恶性的鉴别价值,采用二元logistics回归系数分析其标本质量的影响因素。结果:细针穿刺活检恶性病变敏感性为98.48%,特异性为91.18%,准确性为96.00%。细针穿刺活检病理检查与组织学病理检查病理分型结果一致性显示,Kappa值为0.914(P<0.05)。与非优良组相比,优良组诊断敏感性、特异性、准确性更高(P<0.05)。与诊断优良组相比,非优良组>1 cm占比更少,存在钙化占比更多(P<0.05);优良组穿刺标本细胞数量更充足,细胞蜡块制备效果更佳。二元logistics回归系数分析显示,最大直径、钙化是细针穿刺标本质量的重要影响因素(P<0.05)。结论:超声引导下细针穿刺病理检查对甲状腺结节良恶性鉴别及病理分型均体现较高临床价值;高质量样本有助于提高细针穿刺诊断结节良恶性的特异性、敏感性和准确性,最大直径、钙化是穿刺标本质量的影响因素。

细针抽吸活检与术中快速冰冻切片在甲状腺结节诊断中的应用分析

目的:探讨细针抽吸活检(FNAB)细胞学和术中快速冰冻切片组织学检查在甲状腺结节中的诊断应用价值。方法:回顾性分析2021年4月至2023年4月苏州市相城人民医院收治的180例甲状腺结节患者临床病理资料,对比分析FNAB细胞学与术中快速冰冻切片组织学诊断的准确度、敏感度、特异度。结果:FNAB细胞学诊断良性病变52例,恶性病变128例,检查准确度、敏感度、特异度分别为92.2%、91.1%、95.6%;术中快速冰冻切片组织学诊断良性病变55例,恶性病变125例,检查准确度、敏感度、特异度分别为91.1%、88.9%、97.8%。2种诊断方法结果比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:FNAB细胞学具有操作简便、准确率高和标本获取率高等特点,术中快速冰冻切片具有高时效性、边缘定位清晰等特点,二者相互印证,互为补充,对甲状腺结节性质的诊断具有重要的临床应用价值。

超声SWE联合BRAF V600E基因突变对甲状腺细针穿刺活检不明确结节的诊断价值

目的 探讨剪切波弹性成像(SWE)联合BRAF V600E基因突变检测对甲状腺细针穿刺活检(FNA)意义不明确结节的诊断价值。方法 选取在本院行FNA病理意义不明确的不典型病变或滤泡性病变的患者85例,共98个结节,均接受SWE测量、BRAF V600E基因检测和手术治疗,依据手术病理结果,分析SWE、BRAF V600E基因对该类结节良恶性诊断的应用价值。结果 98个结节中手术后病理诊断良性结节65个,恶性结节33个,SWE、BRAF V600E基因及其联合应用诊断此类结节的敏感度分别为78.9%、78.8%和85.6%,特异度分别为72.7%、93.8%和86.7%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 SWE和BRAF V600E基因联合检测的曲线下面积最大,说明其联合应用比单独使用两种方法更有效。

超声弹性成像联合US-FNAB诊断TI-RADS 4类甲状腺结节的价值探讨

目的:探讨超声弹性成像(UE)联合超声引导下细针穿刺活检(US-FNAB)对甲状腺影像报告与数据系统(TI-RADS)4类甲状腺结节的诊断价值。方法:回顾性分析2021年1月至2023年3月于我院手术切除的96例术前超声分类为TI-RADS 4类甲状腺结节患者的临床资料,患者术前均接受UE和US-FNAB检查;以术后病理结果为金标准,使用Kappa一致性检验评价UE、US-FNAB联合诊断TI-RADS 4类甲状腺结节良、恶性的价值。结果:经术后病理证实共有恶性结节68例(70.83%),良性结节28例(29.17%);恶性结节和良性结节的弹性评分分布有统计学差异(P<0.05);术前UE诊断恶性结节59例,良性结节37例;术前US-FNAB诊断恶性结节66例,良性结节30例;UE、US-FNAB、UE联合US-FNAB串联试验诊断结节良、恶性与病理结果一致性一般(Kappa=0.608、0.704、0.492),UE联合US-FNAB并联试验诊断结节良、恶性与病理结果一致性较好(Kappa=0.761)。结论:术前UE联合US-FNAB(并联试验)对TI-RADS 4类甲状腺结节的诊断具有高度敏感性,有助于减少甲状腺癌的漏诊。

不同穿刺针和细胞学制片方法对甲状腺结节细针穿刺取材效果的影响

目的分析不同的甲状腺穿刺针联合不同细胞学制片方法对甲状腺结节细针穿刺取材效果的影响,寻找甲状腺细针穿刺细胞学检查的最佳模式。方法选择2020年6月至2021年8月在安徽医科大学附属滁州医院行超声引导下甲状腺细针穿刺细胞学检查的240例患者,分为4个组:注射器穿刺+常规涂片细胞学检查组、注射器穿刺+液基细胞学检查组、吸引活检针穿刺+常规涂片细胞学检查组、吸引活检针穿刺+液基细胞学检查组,比较4组患者细胞学诊断报告中不能诊断/不满意(取材失败)发生率以及穿刺并发症、穿刺疼痛程度。结果(1)4组间取材结果差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);进一步分析显示,注射器+液基的取材失败率较注射器+常规涂片组低(P<0.05),其他组别之间取材失败率差异无统计学意义。(2)注射器穿刺组和吸引活检针穿刺组取材结果差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.144,P=0.704);常规涂片组取材失败率高于液基组(χ^(2)=5.192,P=0.023)。(3)按照结节弹性评分分层分析:当弹性评分2分时,注射器穿刺组取材失败率高于吸引活检针穿刺组(χ^(2)=5.103,P=0.024);当弹性评分>2分时,2种穿刺针取材失败率差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=1.305,P=0.254)。(4)按照结节血流强度分层分析:当血流强度>1级时,常规涂片组取材失败率高于液基细胞学组(P=0.006)。(5)4组间疼痛评分差异有统计学意义(P=0.015),注射器穿刺组疼痛评分高于吸引活检针穿刺组(χ^(2)=3.165,P=0.002)。(6)穿刺并发症情况:注射器+常规涂片组发生1例局部血肿和1例低血压,吸引活检针+常规涂片组发生1例低血压,其余2组无并发症发生。结论注射器和吸引活检针取材结果整体上无差异。根据甲状腺结节的超声报告选择穿刺及制片方法可提高成功率。

超声引导下甲状腺细针穿刺检查在甲状腺肿瘤诊断中的应用价值

目的分析超声引导甲状腺细针穿刺用于甲状腺肿瘤的诊断价值。方法纳入2022年1月至2022年12月安阳市肿瘤医院收入的甲状腺肿瘤患者共82例(110个结节),均先后予以超声引导甲状腺细针穿刺、无超声引导甲状腺细针穿刺检查,将最终的术后病理结果当作金标准,统计结节有关超声表现,并比较两项检查的诊断效能(准确度、特异度、敏感度、阳性预测值及阴性预测值)。结果82例患者的110个结节,经过手术病理检查显示恶性结节42个,包含乳头状癌28个、滤泡状癌11个、髓样癌2个及未分化癌1个;良性结节68个,包含结节甲状腺肿35个、甲状腺腺瘤20个及桥本甲状腺炎13个。110个结节中,40个形态缺乏规则性,35个边界不清;51个为实性低回声,8个为混合回声,51个为中高回声;42个结节中存在微钙化征象,同时结节为中央型血供。超声引导甲状腺细针穿刺显示恶性结节41个,良性结节69个;无超声引导甲状腺细针穿刺显示恶性结节34个,良性结节76个。超声引导甲状腺细针穿刺的诊断准确度、敏感度以及阴性预测值为97.27%、95.24%、97.10%高于无超声引导甲状腺细针穿刺的83.64%、69.05%、82.89%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),两项检查的诊断特异度、阳性预测值相比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论超声引导甲状腺细针穿刺用于甲状腺肿瘤良恶性诊断不仅操作方便、定位准确,同时诊断准确度以及敏感度较高,对明确肿瘤性质和制定后续治疗方案有着重要价值。

25G型细针对彩超引导下富血供甲状腺结节下穿刺标本满意率的影响

目的研究25G型细针对彩超引导下富血供甲状腺结节下甲状腺结节穿刺标本满意率的影响。方法选取2022年1月至2023年8月在赣州市肿瘤医院行甲状腺结节细针穿刺的80例患者为研究对象,所有患者均行彩超引导下甲状腺结节穿刺检查。比较22G、25G细针甲状腺结节穿刺标本满意率、富血供甲状腺结节穿刺标本满意率。结果22G、25G细针穿刺标本满意率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);25G细针富血供结节的穿刺标本满意率(94.55%)高于22G细针(81.82%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);22G、25G细针非富血供结节穿刺标本满意率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论彩超引导下富血供甲状腺结节采用25G型细针穿刺具有更高的标本满意率。

TI-RADS联合剪切波弹性成像在BSRTCⅢ类甲状腺结节中的意义

目的:研究甲状腺影像报告和数据系统(TI-RADS)分类和剪切波弹性成像(SWE)方法在甲状腺细胞病理学Bethesda报告系统(BSRTC)Ⅲ类甲状腺结节良恶性诊断中的价值。方法:本研究回顾性分析2019年6月—2022年6月在首都医科大学怀柔教学医院普外科接受甲状腺手术的100例甲状腺结节患者(123个甲状腺结节)的临床资料。所有患者都接受了超声检查,并采用TI-RADS进行分类,同时在超声引导下进行甲状腺细针抽吸(FNA)活检及SWE,所有结节均采用BSRTC分析为Ⅲ类结节。以术后病理检查结果为金标准,分析TI-RADS和SWE单独及联合鉴别诊断BSRTCⅢ类甲状腺恶性结节的效能。结果:123个BSRTCⅢ类甲状腺结节经术后病理检查确诊有85个(69.11%)良性结节和38个(30.89%)恶性结节。TI-RADS诊断FNA活检意义不明确的甲状腺恶性结节的敏感度、特异度和准确度分别为92.11%、70.59%、77.24%。SWE诊断FNA意义不明确的甲状腺恶性结节敏感度、特异度和准确度分别为76.32%、95.29%、89.43%。TI-RADS和SWE联合诊断的AUC均显著大于TI-RADS和SWE单独诊断(Z_(TI-RADS)=3.480,P=0.001;Z_(SWE)=2.044,P=0.041)。结论:TI-RADS联合SWE可以提高BSRTCⅢ类甲状腺恶性结节诊断效能,从而改善对BSRTCⅢ类甲状腺结节的治疗效果。