Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is speculated to become the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality by 2030,a high mortality rate considering the number of cases.Surgery and chemotherapy are the main treatme...Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is speculated to become the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality by 2030,a high mortality rate considering the number of cases.Surgery and chemotherapy are the main treatment options,but they are burdensome for patients.A clear histological diagnosis is needed to determine a treatment plan,and endoscopic ultrasound(EUS)-guided tissue acquisition(TA)is a suitable technique that does not worsen the cancer-specific prognosis even for lesions at risk of needle tract seeding.With the development of personalized medicine and precision treatment,there has been an increasing demand to increase cell counts and collect specimens while preserving tissue structure,leading to the development of the fine-needle biopsy(FNB)needle.EUS-FNB is rapidly replacing EUS-guided fine-needle aspiration(FNA)as the procedure of choice for EUS-TA of pancreatic cancer.However,EUS-FNA is sometimes necessary where the FNB needle cannot penetrate small hard lesions,so it is important clinicians are familiar with both.Given these recent developments,we present an up-to-date review of the role of EUS-TA in pancreatic cancer.Particularly,technical aspects,such as needle caliber,negative pressure,and puncture methods,for obtaining an adequate specimen in EUS-TA are discussed.展开更多
BACKGROUND The frequent suboptimal efficacy of endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle biopsy(EUS-FNB)to culture pancreatic cancer(PC)organoids(PCOs)poses a major challenge in the advancement of personalized medicine...BACKGROUND The frequent suboptimal efficacy of endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle biopsy(EUS-FNB)to culture pancreatic cancer(PC)organoids(PCOs)poses a major challenge in the advancement of personalized medicine for advanced PC.AIM To explore how to obtain appropriate puncture tissues from EUS-FNB and optimize the strategy for efficiently constructing PCOs,providing an efficient tool for the advancement of personalized medicine.METHODS Patients who underwent EUS-FNB for the diagnosis of PC tissue were prospectively enrolled.We refined the endoscopic biopsy procedures and organoid cultivation techniques.All tissue specimens verified by on-site pathological assessment were cultured in a semi-suspended medium in a microfluidic environment.We assessed differences in PCOs cultured beyond and below five generations examining patient demographics,specimen and organoid attributes,and the sensitivity of organoids to a panel of clinical drugs through cell viability assays.RESULTS In this study,16 patients with PC were recruited,one sample was excluded because onsite cytopathology showed no tumor cells.Successful organoid generation occurred in 93.3%(14 of 15)of the EUS-FNB specimens,with 60%(9 of 15)sustaining over five generations.Among these patients,those with a history of diabetes,familial cancer,or larger tumors exhibited enhanced PCO expandability.The key factors influencing longterm PCOs expansion included initial needle sample quality(P=0.005),rapid initiation of organoid culture postisolation(P≤0.001),and high organoid activity(P=0.031).Drug sensitivity analysis revealed a partial response in two patients following therapeutic intervention and surgery and stable disease in four patients,indicating a moderate correlation between organoid response and clinical outcomes.CONCLUSION Optimal initial needle sampling,rapid and precise biopsy sample processing,process isolated samples as soon as possible,and sufficient cellular material are crucial for successful cultivating PCOs.High organoid activity is an important factor in maintaining their long-term expansion,which is essential for shortening the time of drug sensitivity analysis and is the basis of PC research.展开更多
目的分析上颌窦穿刺冲洗治疗儿童急慢性鼻窦炎的临床疗效。方法将320例儿童（7~12岁）急慢性鼻窦炎患者采用随机平行试验设计,分为实验组160例和对照组160例,两组均服用鼻窦炎口服液1次10 m l,每日3次,实验组在鼻腔黏膜麻醉下行上颌窦穿...目的分析上颌窦穿刺冲洗治疗儿童急慢性鼻窦炎的临床疗效。方法将320例儿童（7~12岁）急慢性鼻窦炎患者采用随机平行试验设计,分为实验组160例和对照组160例,两组均服用鼻窦炎口服液1次10 m l,每日3次,实验组在鼻腔黏膜麻醉下行上颌窦穿刺,用0.9%氯化钠溶液加甲硝唑注射液反复冲洗后,窦腔内注入地塞米松5mg,每周一次;鼻腔内滴1%呋喃西林麻黄素液,3次/d,15 d为一个疗程。对照组口服广谱抗生素＋鼻腔内滴1%呋喃西林麻黄素液,3次/d,15 d为一个疗程。治疗结束后每月复查1次,6个月后进行疗效评定。结果实验组的治愈率84.38%,总有效率98.75%,均显著高于对照组,两组间比较有显著性差异（P〈0.01）。结论上颌窦穿刺冲洗结合鼻窦炎口服液治疗儿童急、慢性鼻窦炎疗效可靠,穿刺前充分评估患儿病情,实施健康教育,加强心理护理是上颌窦穿刺治疗顺利进行的基础,也是上颌窦穿刺成功的重要保证。展开更多
文摘Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is speculated to become the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality by 2030,a high mortality rate considering the number of cases.Surgery and chemotherapy are the main treatment options,but they are burdensome for patients.A clear histological diagnosis is needed to determine a treatment plan,and endoscopic ultrasound(EUS)-guided tissue acquisition(TA)is a suitable technique that does not worsen the cancer-specific prognosis even for lesions at risk of needle tract seeding.With the development of personalized medicine and precision treatment,there has been an increasing demand to increase cell counts and collect specimens while preserving tissue structure,leading to the development of the fine-needle biopsy(FNB)needle.EUS-FNB is rapidly replacing EUS-guided fine-needle aspiration(FNA)as the procedure of choice for EUS-TA of pancreatic cancer.However,EUS-FNA is sometimes necessary where the FNB needle cannot penetrate small hard lesions,so it is important clinicians are familiar with both.Given these recent developments,we present an up-to-date review of the role of EUS-TA in pancreatic cancer.Particularly,technical aspects,such as needle caliber,negative pressure,and puncture methods,for obtaining an adequate specimen in EUS-TA are discussed.
基金the Chongqing Talent Plan“Contract System”Project,No.cstc2022ycjh-bgzxm0137Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing,No.CSTB2024NSCQ-MSX0003the Ethics Committee of Chongqing General Hospital.The ethics review number:No.KY S2022-045-01.
文摘BACKGROUND The frequent suboptimal efficacy of endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle biopsy(EUS-FNB)to culture pancreatic cancer(PC)organoids(PCOs)poses a major challenge in the advancement of personalized medicine for advanced PC.AIM To explore how to obtain appropriate puncture tissues from EUS-FNB and optimize the strategy for efficiently constructing PCOs,providing an efficient tool for the advancement of personalized medicine.METHODS Patients who underwent EUS-FNB for the diagnosis of PC tissue were prospectively enrolled.We refined the endoscopic biopsy procedures and organoid cultivation techniques.All tissue specimens verified by on-site pathological assessment were cultured in a semi-suspended medium in a microfluidic environment.We assessed differences in PCOs cultured beyond and below five generations examining patient demographics,specimen and organoid attributes,and the sensitivity of organoids to a panel of clinical drugs through cell viability assays.RESULTS In this study,16 patients with PC were recruited,one sample was excluded because onsite cytopathology showed no tumor cells.Successful organoid generation occurred in 93.3%(14 of 15)of the EUS-FNB specimens,with 60%(9 of 15)sustaining over five generations.Among these patients,those with a history of diabetes,familial cancer,or larger tumors exhibited enhanced PCO expandability.The key factors influencing longterm PCOs expansion included initial needle sample quality(P=0.005),rapid initiation of organoid culture postisolation(P≤0.001),and high organoid activity(P=0.031).Drug sensitivity analysis revealed a partial response in two patients following therapeutic intervention and surgery and stable disease in four patients,indicating a moderate correlation between organoid response and clinical outcomes.CONCLUSION Optimal initial needle sampling,rapid and precise biopsy sample processing,process isolated samples as soon as possible,and sufficient cellular material are crucial for successful cultivating PCOs.High organoid activity is an important factor in maintaining their long-term expansion,which is essential for shortening the time of drug sensitivity analysis and is the basis of PC research.
文摘目的分析上颌窦穿刺冲洗治疗儿童急慢性鼻窦炎的临床疗效。方法将320例儿童（7~12岁）急慢性鼻窦炎患者采用随机平行试验设计,分为实验组160例和对照组160例,两组均服用鼻窦炎口服液1次10 m l,每日3次,实验组在鼻腔黏膜麻醉下行上颌窦穿刺,用0.9%氯化钠溶液加甲硝唑注射液反复冲洗后,窦腔内注入地塞米松5mg,每周一次;鼻腔内滴1%呋喃西林麻黄素液,3次/d,15 d为一个疗程。对照组口服广谱抗生素＋鼻腔内滴1%呋喃西林麻黄素液,3次/d,15 d为一个疗程。治疗结束后每月复查1次,6个月后进行疗效评定。结果实验组的治愈率84.38%,总有效率98.75%,均显著高于对照组,两组间比较有显著性差异（P〈0.01）。结论上颌窦穿刺冲洗结合鼻窦炎口服液治疗儿童急、慢性鼻窦炎疗效可靠,穿刺前充分评估患儿病情,实施健康教育,加强心理护理是上颌窦穿刺治疗顺利进行的基础,也是上颌窦穿刺成功的重要保证。
