Effect of Ultrasound-Guided Transversus Abdominis Plane Block Combined with Lornoxicam on Pain and Recovery Quality After Abdominal Surgery in Patients with Drug Addiction

Objective:This paper aims to analyze the analgesic effect of ultrasound-guided transversus abdominis plane block(TAPB)combined with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory analgesic drug lornoxicam on abdominal surgery in patients with a history of drug addiction.Methods:32 patients aged 18-60 who underwent lower abdominal surgery in the First People's Hospital of Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture and Butuo County People's Hospital of Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture from January 2022 to March 2023 were selected,the patients must have drug abuse history for more than 1 year,with a history of drug withdrawal and relapse.The patients were divided into observation group and control group by the envelope method,with 16 cases in the observation group and 16 cases in the control group.Two groups of patients underwent ultrasound-guided bilateral transversus abdominis plane block after the operation.The observation group was treated with dexmedetomidine hydrochloride 1μg/kg+0.25%ropivacaine hydrochloride 40ml,and the control group was treated with 40ml 0.9%sodium chloride injection,the two groups of patients returned to the ward after operation and given intravenous infusion of lornoxicam for relieving the pain.The visual analogue scale(VAS)score of postoperative pain,the times of rescue analgesia,the time of postoperative anal exhaust,the time of ambulation,nausea and vomiting,withdrawal symptoms,related adverse reactions,and hospitalization days were compared between the two groups.Results:The VAS score of postoperative pain in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group,P<0.05.Patients in the observation group used less postoperative rescue analgesics than those in the control group,P<0.05.For postoperative anal exhaust time,the difference between the two groups of patients was relatively small,and the time in the observation group was shorter,P>0.05.The time to get out of bed and the length of hospital stay were not significantly different between the control group and the observation group,P>0.05.The withdrawal symptoms of the patients in the observation group were better,P<0.05,nausea and vomiting,and other adverse reactions were lower in the control group,P<0.05.Conclusion:Ultrasound-guided transversus abdominis plane block combined with lornoxicam can be used to relieve pain in abdominal surgery for patients with drug addiction,which can effectively improve the therapeutic effect of patients and reduce the number of postoperative rescue analgesia.Thus,it has high clinical application value.

Analgesic effect of ultrasound-guided bilateral transversus abdominis plane block in laparoscopic gastric cancer

BACKGROUND Postoperative complications are important factors affecting the survival time and quality of life of patients undergoing radical gastrectomy.AIM To investigate and compare the anesthetic effects of intravenous general anesthesia combined with epidural anesthesia or ultrasound-guided bilateral transversus abdominal plane block(TAPB)in gastric cancer patients undergoing laparoscopic radical gastrectomy.METHODS The clinical data of 85 patients who underwent laparoscopic radical gastrectomy in our hospital from December 2020 to January 2023 were retrospectively collected and divided into a TAPB group(n=45)and epidural anesthesia group(n=40)according to the different anesthesia and analgesia programs used.The TAPB group received general anesthesia combined with TAPB,and the epidural anesthesia group received general anesthesia combined with epidural anesthesia.The pain status,cognitive status,intestinal barrier indicators,recovery quality,and incidence of complications were compared between the two groups.RESULTS Compared with the epidural anesthesia group,the TAPB group’s visual analog scale scores were significantly lower 6 h,12 h,24 h and 48 h after surgery(P<0.05).The incidence of postoperative cognitive dysfunction(POCD)in the TAPB group was significantly lower than that in the epidural anesthesia group,and the Mini-mental State Examination score 24 h after surgery was significantly higher in the TAPB group than the epidural anesthesia group(P<0.05).The levels of diamine oxidase and plasma D-lactate were significantly lower in the TAPB group than the epidural anesthesia group 24 h after surgery(P<0.05).The agitation score and the incidence of agitation during recovery were significantly lower in the TAPB group than epidural anesthesia group(P<0.05).The total incidence of postoperative complications in the TAPB group was 4.44%,significantly lower than the 20.00%in the epidural anesthesia group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Compared with epidural anesthesia combined with general anesthesia,TAPB combined with general anesthesia had a good analgesic effect in laparoscopic radical gastrectomy and can further reduce the incidence of POCD and postoperative complications,improve the levels of intestinal barrier indicators,and improve postoperative recovery quality.

Application of remimazolam transversus abdominis plane block in gastrointestinal tumor surgery

BACKGROUND Transversus abdominis plane block(TAPB)is a block of the abdominal afferent nerve fibers between the internal oblique muscle and the transverse abdominal muscle achieved with local anesthetics.It can effectively block the conduction of the anterior nerve of the abdominal wall and exert a good analgesic effect.However,the effect of combining the block with remimazolam on anesthesia in patients undergoing gastrointestinal tumor surgery is still unclear.AIM To examine the effects of combining TAPB with remimazolam on the stress response and postoperative recovery of gastrointestinal tumor surgery patients.METHODS A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 102 individuals diagnosed with gastrointestinal malignancies who underwent laparoscopic surgery under general anesthesia between April 2020 and June 2023.The patients were categorized into a control group(n=51),receiving remimazolam for general anesthesia,and an observation group(n=51),receiving TAPB combined with remimazolam for general anesthesia.A comparison was made between both groups in terms of hemodynamic parameters,stress markers,pain levels,recovery quality,analgesic effects,and adverse reactions during the perioperative period.RESULTS The observation group had significantly higher heart rates at time points 1 min after induction and upon leaving the operating room than the control group(P<0.05).The mean arterial pressure at time point T1 in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).Five minutes after extubation,the levels of the hormones adrenaline and noradrenaline in the observation group were considerably lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).At 12 h,24 h,and 48 h following surgery,the visual analog scale scores of the observation group were considerably lower than those of the control group(P<0.05).The observation group had shorter awakening and extubation times and lower Riker sedation-agitation scale scores than the control group(P<0.05).The observation group exhibited considerably fewer effective pump presses,lower fentanyl dosages,and lower incidences of rescue analgesia within 24 h following surgery than the control group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION The application effect of TAPB combined with remimazolam general anesthesia in anesthesia of patients undergoing gastrointestinal tumor surgery is good,which is helpful to promote faster recovery after operation.

Effect of Subcostal Anterior Quadratus Lumborum Block vs.Oblique Subcostal Transversus Abdominis Plane Block after Laparoscopic Radical Gastrectomy

Objective:To evaluate the analgesic effect of ultrasound-guided subcostal anterior quadratus lumborum block(QLB)for laparoscopic radical gastrectomy surgery.Methods:Patients(aged 20-65 years,ASA Ⅰ-Ⅱ,and weighing 40-75 kg)scheduled for elective laparoscopic radical gastrectomy were enrolled in the current study.Sixty patients were randomly assigned to two groups by computer-generated randomization codes:an ultrasound-guided oblique subcostal transversus abdominis plane block(TAPB)group(group T,n=30)or an ultrasound-guided subcostal anterior QLB group(group Q,n=30).In both groups,bilateral ultrasound-guided oblique subcostal TAPB and subcostal anterior QLB were performed before general anesthesia with 0.25% ropivacaine 0.5 mL/kg.For postoperative management,all patients received patient-controlled intravenous analgesia(PCIA)with nalbuphine and sufentanil after surgery,maintaining visual analogue scale(VAS)scores<4 within 48 h.The intraoperative consumption of remifentanil,the requirement for sufentanil as a rescue analgesic,and the VAS scores at rest and coughing were recorded at 1,6,12,24 and 48 h after surgery.The recovery(extubation time after surgery,first ambulation time,first flatus time and length of postoperative hospital stay)and the adverse events(nausea and vomiting,skin pruritus,respiratory depression and nerve-block related complications)were observed and recorded.The primary outcome was the perioperative consumption of opioids.Results:Compared with group T,the intraoperative consumption of remifentanil,requirement for sufentanil and the frequency of PCIA were reduced in group Q.Meanwhile,VAS scores at all points of observation were significantly lower in group Q than in group T.Patients in group Q were also associated with shorter time to first out-of-bed activity and flatus,and shorter length of postoperative hospital stay than group T(P<0.05).There were no skin pruritus,respiratory depression or nerve-block related complications in both groups.Conclusion:Compared with ultrasound-guided oblique subcostal TAPB,ultrasound-guided subcostal anterior QLB provided greater opioid-sparing effect,lower visual analogue scores,and shorter postoperative hospital stay for laparoscopic radical gastrectomy.

The Impact of Single Low Dose IV Magnesium Sulphate Adjuvant to Ultrasound Guided Transverses Abdominis Plain Block for Control of Postcesarean Pain

Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the role of preoperative low dose intravenous MgSO4 when given adjuvant to ultrasound guided transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block in augmenting postcesarean analgesic effects and reducing opioid requirements during the first 24 hours. Subjects and Methods: In this prospective, randomized double blind study, a total of sixty full term pregnant women were recruited for the study underwent caesarean section. Thirty patients were assigned to MgSO4 group (A) and another thirty to placebo group (B). Participants in group (A) received 50 mg/kg MgSO4 in 100 ml isotonic saline intravenous (IV) over 20 minutes prior to induction of general anesthesia by 30 minutes while participants in group (B) received 100 ml isotonic saline (placebo) by the same route and over the same duration as control. Results: Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) was analysed within 24 hours postoperatively. The mean pain score at 6 and 12 hours postoperatively was significantly lower in MgSO4 group compared to control group (40.4 ± 5.12 vs 53.6 ± 4.92;26.1 ± 3.01 vs 35.5 ± 3.98 respectively, p = 0.012, 0.005). Comparing both groups regarding the mean time interval of first rescue analgesia (morphine sulphate) requested by the patients, it was longer in MgSO4 group compared to control group. The total dose of rescue analgesia consumed during 24 hours was analysed and it was significantly higher in control group compared to MgSO4 group (10.1 ± 0.95 vs 6.2 ± 0.87, p = 0.001). Conclusion: We concluded that preoperative low doses (50 mg/Kg) of MgSO4 with general anesthesia combined with ultrasound guided TAP block offer longer postoperative pain free periods thus reducing total opioid consumption. In addition to the safety of the drug to the mother and fetus so we recommend IV MgSO4 as an adjuvant therapy with TAP block.

罗哌卡因联合右美托咪定腹横肌平面阻滞对腹腔镜胃癌根治术患者术后应激激素及认知功能的影响

目的探讨罗哌卡因联合右美托咪定腹横肌平面阻滞对腹腔镜胃癌根治术患者术后应激激素及认知功能的影响。方法选择2023年4至10月于新乡医学院第一附属医院行腹腔镜胃癌根治术的80例患者为研究对象,根据麻醉方法不同将患者分为观察组和对照组,每组40例。观察组患者注射2.5 g·L^(-1)罗哌卡因与右美托咪定(0.5μg·kg^(-1))混合液行双侧腹横肌平面阻滞,每侧注射20 mL;对照组患者注射2.5 g·L^(-1)罗哌卡因行双侧腹横肌平面阻滞,每侧注射20 mL。记录患者入手术室(T_(1))、气管插管后即刻(T_(2))、气腹后40 min(T_(3))、气管拔管后15 min(T_(4))的平均动脉压(MAP)、心率(HR)。于术后1、6、12、24 h,应用放射性免疫沉淀法检测血清中皮质醇(COR)水平,酶联免疫吸附试验法检测血清中去甲肾上腺素(NE)、肾上腺素(E)水平,视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评估患者静息状态下疼痛程度,Ramsay评分(RSS)评估患者的镇静深度。比较2组患者丙泊酚及舒芬太尼的用量。于术前1 d、术后1 d、术后3 d,应用酶联免疫吸附试验法检测2组患者血清中β淀粉样蛋白(Aβ)及S100β蛋白水平,使用简易智力状态检查量表(MMSE)评估患者的认知功能。结果T_(1)、T_(2)时,对照组与观察组患者的MAP和HR比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);T_(3)、T_(4)时,观察组患者的MAP和HR显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。术后1、6、12 h,观察组患者的VAS评分显著低于对照组(P<0.05);术后24 h,对照组与观察组患者的VAS评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术后1、6 h,观察组患者的Ramsay评分显著高于对照组(P<0.05);术后12、24 h,对照组与观察组患者的Ramsay评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术后1、6、12 h,观察组患者血清中COR、NE和E水平显著低于对照组(P<0.05);术后24 h,对照组与观察组患者血清中COR、NE和E水平比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组患者的丙泊酚及舒芬太尼的用量显著少于对照组(P<0.05)。术前1 d,对照组与观察组患者的MMSE评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);术后1、3 d,观察组患者的MMSE评分显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。术前1 d,对照组与观察组患者血清中Aβ和S100β蛋白水平比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术后1、3 d,观察组患者血清中Aβ和S100β蛋白水平显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论罗哌卡因联合右美托咪定腹横肌平面阻滞在胃癌根治术中可显著降低术后疼痛,增加镇静效果,延长腹横肌神经阻滞时间,且有利于患者术后苏醒,减轻认知功能的受损程度。

罗哌卡因联合右美托咪定腹横肌平面阻滞在中老年腹腔镜直肠癌根治术中的应用效果

目的探究罗哌卡因联合右美托咪定腹横肌平面阻滞对中老年腹腔镜直肠癌根治术后疼痛和应激反应的影响。方法选择新乡医学院第一附属医院择期接受腹腔镜直肠癌根治术患者90例,根据腹横肌阻滞用药将患者分为A组、B组和C组,每组30例,A组接受罗哌卡因与右美托咪定双侧腹横肌平面阻滞,B组接受罗哌卡因双侧腹横肌平面阻滞,C组不接受腹横肌平面阻滞。记录各组患者入室稳定状态(T_(0))、气管插管即刻(T_(1))、气腹后30 min时(T_(2))、气管拔管10 min后(T_(3))时的平均动脉压(MAP)和心率(HR)。监测术后的血清皮质醇(Cor)、去甲肾上腺素(NE)、肾上腺素(E)水平及静息视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分、Ramsay评分。记录术后镇痛泵按压次数、拔管时间、麻醉后护理单元(PACU)停留时间。结果T_(2)时间点A组患者的MAP低于B组和C组(P<0.05);T_(3)时间点,A组患者的MAP低于B组和C组,且B组的MAP低于C组(P<0.05);T_(2)、T_(3)时间点A组患者的HR低于B组和C组(P<0.05)。A组和B组患者的拔管时间和PACU停留时间短于C组(P<0.05);A组患者的术后镇痛泵按压次数少于B组和C组(P<0.05),且B组少于C组(P<0.05)。A组和B组术后2、6 h的静息VAS评分、Ramsay评分低于C组,且A组低于B组(P<0.05),术后12 h的静息VAS评分,A组低于B组、C组(P<0.05)。术后2、12 h,A组和B组的NE、E、COR水平低于C组,且A组低于B组(P<0.05)。3组患者的术中低血压、恶心呕吐、寒战、头晕头痛等差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论腹横肌平面阻滞中罗哌卡因与右美托咪定联合应用可有效减轻中老年腹腔镜直肠癌根治术后的疼痛和应激反应,改善术后镇痛效果,并提高患者的术后舒适度。

喉罩全身麻醉联合“圈麻”阻滞用于结肠癌手术的麻醉效果

目的 观察喉罩全身麻醉联合腹部“圈麻”阻滞用于腹腔镜下结肠癌切除手术的麻醉效果。方法 选取2022年1月至2023年3月于厦门市第三医院行腹腔镜下结肠癌切除手术的患者60例,根据随机数字表法将其分为L组(喉罩全身麻醉,30例)和U组(喉罩全身麻醉联合腹部“圈麻”阻滞,30例)。记录并比较两组患者麻醉维持的丙泊酚和瑞芬太尼用量、手术完成时间、意识清醒后视觉模拟评分法(visual analogue scale,VAS)评分和舒芬太尼用量。比较两组患者术后12h的镇痛满意度。结果 两组患者的性别、年龄、体质量、身高、手术时间比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。U组患者的瑞芬太尼和丙泊酚总用量均显著少于L组(P<0.001);U组患者麻醉恢复室内的VAS评分显著低于L组,舒芬太尼用量显著少于L组(P<0.001)。U组患者的镇痛满意度显著高于L组(χ^(2)=6.772,P=0.031)。结论 与单一喉罩全身麻醉相比,喉罩全身麻醉联合腹部“圈麻”阻滞可减少腹腔镜下结肠癌切除手术中麻醉维持药物和麻醉恢复室内舒芬太尼的用量,改善术后镇痛满意度。

右美托咪定复合罗哌卡因腹横肌平面阻滞在腹膜透析置管术患者中的应用效果

目的:观察右美托咪定复合罗哌卡因腹横肌平面阻滞(TAPB)在腹膜透析置管术患者中的应用效果。方法:选取2019年2月至2021年2月于该院行腹膜透析置管术的101例患者进行前瞻性研究,按照随机数字表法将其分为对照组(n=50)和观察组(n=51)。对照组采用罗哌卡因TAPB,观察组采用右美托咪定复合罗哌卡因TAPB。比较两组麻醉相关指标(麻醉起效时间、麻醉持续时间)水平,术后2、4、6 h疼痛[视觉模拟评分法(VAS)]、镇静(Ramsay评分法)评分,手术前后应激指标[皮质醇(Cor)、去甲肾上腺素(NE)、肾上腺素(E)]水平,以及不良反应发生率。结果:观察组麻醉起效时间短于对照组,麻醉持续时间长于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);术后2、4、6 h,观察组VAS评分均低于对照组,Ramsay评分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);术后,观察组Cor、E、NE水平均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组不良反应发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:右美托咪定复合罗哌卡因TAPB应用于腹膜透析置管术患者可改善麻醉相关指标水平,降低术后疼痛评分和应激指标水平,提高术后镇静评分,效果优于单纯罗哌卡因TAPB。

超声引导下TAPB联合罗哌卡因在腹腔镜胃癌根治术后镇痛中的应用研究进展

术后疼痛管理是围手术期麻醉管理的重要内容。腹横肌平面阻滞(TAPB)是一种新型麻醉阻滞方式,其能够有效阻断腹壁前侧感觉神经,具有较好的镇痛效果,已广泛应用于临床。目前,关于腹腔镜胃癌根治术后疼痛控制的研究仍不多,相关的总结和指导较少见,该文对超声引导下TAPB的现状、解剖学基础、入路方式、常用药物和阻滞方法等研究进行了综述,旨在为临床治疗提供循证依据。

剖宫产术I-TAP阻滞应用对术后的镇痛效果

目的:探讨髂腹股沟-腹横肌平面(I-TAP)阻滞与腹横肌平面(TAP)阻滞对剖宫产产妇术后镇痛效果的影响。方法:将2021年4月-2023年3月在本院产科计划剖宫产分娩的86例产妇随机分成TAP组与I-TAP组各43例,分别采用TAP阻滞麻醉或I-TAP阻滞麻醉。观察两组术后疼痛程度(VAS评分)、自控镇痛(PCA)按压次数、血清泌乳素(PRL)水平、不良反应。结果:I-TAP组VAS评分术后2h(1.29±0.32分)、4h(2.02±0.53分)、8h(2.84±0.82分)、16h(2.31±0.72分)、24h(2.33±0.52分)均低于TAP组(1.67±0.46分、2.55±0.70分、3.62±1.00分、2.97±0.81分、2.65±0.74分),PCA总按压次数(12.12±2.69次)、PCA有效按压次数(5.88±1.46次)均少于TAP组(14.46±4.57次、7.03±1.25次),两组术后1d血清PRL水平均升高,且I-TAP组(318.26±40.15μg/L)高于TAP组(251.65±32.67μg/L);不良反应发生率(9.3%)与TAP组(14.0%)无差异(P>0.05)。结论:I-TAP阻滞在剖宫产术麻醉中的应用效果优于TAP阻滞,可减轻产妇术后疼痛,减少PCA按压次数,提高术后PRL水平,且不良反应少,有效性与安全性均较好,值得应用。

腹外斜肌肋间平面阻滞与腹横肌平面阻滞在胆囊切除术术后镇痛效果的比较

目的比较腹外斜肌肋间平面阻滞(External oblique intercostal block,EOIB)与腹横肌平面阻滞(Transverse abdominis plane block,TAPB)在腹腔镜下胆囊切除术(Laparoscopic cholecystectomy,LC)术后的镇痛效果。方法选取2023年2月-6月在山东第一医科大学第一附属医院(山东省千佛山医院)麻醉与围术期医学科行LC手术的74例患者为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为E组和T组,每组37例。E组接受EOIB,T组接受TAPB,均行全程静脉麻醉,两组术后2、6、12、24 h均采用视觉模拟量表(Visual analogue Scale,VAS)评估患者静息及运动时疼痛程度。比较两组术中舒芬太尼和瑞芬太尼用量、术后首次排气时间、首次下床时间、住院时间、术后不良反应发生率、术后6 h Ramsay镇静评分、术后额外使用镇痛药的例数及术后满意度。结果与T组术后6 h静息时比较,E组VAS评分低(P<0.05);与T组术后2、6、12、24 h运动时比较,E组VAS评分低(P<0.05);与T组比较,E组术后首次排气时间、首次下床时间、住院时间短,恶心发生率低(P<0.05)。两组术中舒芬太尼和瑞芬太尼用量,术后Ramsay镇静评分及术后额外使用镇痛药的例数比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论EOIB应用于LC患者在改善术后镇痛效果、促进术后恢复、降低恶心发生率、提高术后满意度方面具有一定优势。

超声引导下腹横肌平面阻滞中罗哌卡因在腹腔镜胃癌根治术后镇痛中的应用效果

目的探讨超声引导下腹横肌平面阻滞中罗哌卡因在腹腔镜胃癌根治术后镇痛的应用效果。方法选取2019年11月至2022年3月钦州市第一人民医院收治的60例接受腹腔镜胃癌根治术患者作为研究对象,按随机数字表法将其分为观察组(30例)与对照组(30例),观察组患者采用超声引导下腹横肌平面阻滞联合罗哌卡因镇痛,对照组采用肌注曲马多镇痛。比较两组患者术后恢复情况、视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分、Ramsay镇静评分、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表(PSQI)评分及不良反应等。结果观察组术后首次排气时间、首次进食时间、首次下床活动及总住院天数均短于对照组,术后VAS评分、不良反应总发生率低于对照组,术后PSQI评分均低于对照组,总住院费用少于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论在腹腔镜胃癌根治术后,采用超声引导下腹横肌平面阻滞联合罗哌卡因进行镇痛可使患者术后疼痛轻微,不良反应较少,康复速度较快,住院费用较低,预后较好,具有较高的应用价值。

超声引导下腹横肌平面阻滞在腹腔镜减重手术患者术后镇痛中的应用效果分析

目的:分析超声引导下腹横肌平面阻滞在腹腔镜减重手术患者术后镇痛中的应用效果。方法:选取2022年1月—2023年6月于昆明医科大学第一附属医院行腹腔镜减重手术的患者110例作为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为观察组、对照组,各55例。对照组实施硬膜外阻滞麻醉,观察组实施超声引导下腹横肌平面阻滞。比较两组术后镇痛效果、恢复指标、不良反应发生情况。结果:术后4、8、12、24 h,两组疼痛评分逐渐降低,且术后4、8、12 h,观察组疼痛评分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);术后24 h,两组疼痛评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组术后肠鸣音恢复时间、术后首次排气时间、术后首次排便时间早于对照组,住院时间短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。两组不良反应总发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:超声引导下腹横肌平面阻滞在腹腔镜减重手术患者术后镇痛中的应用效果显著,可减轻患者术后疼痛,促进患者康复,且安全性较高。

超声引导下腹横肌平面阻滞复合喉罩全麻在腹腔镜胆囊切除术患者中的应用

目的探讨超声引导下腹横肌平面阻滞(TAPB)复合喉罩全麻在腹腔镜胆囊切除术(LC)患者中的应用效果。方法选取2020年7月至2022年8月在我院行LC治疗的60例患者,随机分为对照组(n=30)和研究组(n=30)。对照组采用喉罩全麻,研究组采用超声引导下TAPB复合喉罩全麻。比较两组的血流动力学指标及术后VAS评分。结果T_(1)时,两组MAP、HR水平比较无统计学差异(P>0.05);T_(2)、T_(3)、T_(4)时,研究组MAP、HR水平均低于对照组(P<0.05)。术后2 h、6 h、12 h、24 h,研究组VAS评分均低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论超声引导下TAPB复合喉罩全麻应用于LC患者可获得理想的麻醉效果,有助于维持患者机体血流动力学稳定,并减轻患者术后疼痛程度,值得临床推广应用。

右美托咪定复合罗哌卡因在超声引导下腹直肌鞘阻滞联合腹横肌平面阻滞对腹腔镜手术患者术中镇痛的影响

目的 探讨右美托咪定复合罗哌卡因在超声引导下腹直肌鞘阻滞(RSB)联合腹横肌平面阻滞(TAPB)对腹腔镜手术患者术中镇痛的影响。方法 选取2023年3—5月中国科学院合肥肿瘤医院收治的80例腹腔镜手术患者为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为试验组和对照组,每组40例。试验组给予0.5μg/kg右美托咪定复合0.25%罗哌卡因在超声引导下RSB联合TAPB,对照组给予0.25%罗哌卡因在超声引导下RSB联合TAPB。比较分析两组患者的围手术期指标、术后不良反应发生情况。比较分析两组患者进入手术室后(T0)、切皮时(T1)、建立气腹后(T2)、拔管后(T3)的Ramsay评分、Prince-Henry评分、血流动力学水平[收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)、心率(HR)、平均动脉压(MAP)]。结果 试验组患者的瑞芬太尼用量和丙泊酚用量均少于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组患者的术后不良反应发生情况比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。与T0时刻比较,两组患者T1、T2、T3时刻的Ramsay评分均升高,Prince-Henry评分均降低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);T1、T2、T3时刻,试验组患者的Ramsay评分均高于对照组,Prince-Henry评分均低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与T0时刻比较,对照组患者T1、T2、T3时刻的SBP、DBP、HR、MAP均升高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);T1、T2、T3时刻,试验组患者的SBP、DBP、HR、MAP均低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 右美托咪定复合罗哌卡因在超声引导下RSB联合TAPB中对腹腔镜手术患者的镇静、镇痛效果显著,可维持患者的血流动力学水平稳定,且安全性较好。

Postoperative Analgesia and Cesarean Section under General Anesthesia: Multicenter Study

Background: Neuraxial anesthesia with intrathecal morphine is the reference technique in cesarean section anesthesia for the management of postoperative analgesia. If there is a contraindication to this, general anesthesia is required. The objective of the study was to evaluate the analgesic effectiveness of 4 analgesic techniques performed during cesarean section under general anesthesia in two centers with different anesthetic practices (North Franche Comté Hospital and Omar Bongo Ondimba Army Training Hospital). Method: This is a retrospective and descriptive study over 2 years, from January 1, 2019 to December 31, 2020. It involved evaluating the analgesic effectiveness and tolerance of morphine in the epidural catheter, wound infiltration, intravenous analgesia and Transversus Abdominous Plane block (TAP block) from the post-anesthesia care unit (PACU) until the 4th post-operative day. Results: Of the 354 cesarean sections performed, 84 (11.14%) received general anesthesia. The average age was 32.27 years. Acute fetal distress was the first indication for cesarean section (45.2%), followed by hemorrhagic placenta previa (10.7%) and prolapse of the cord (8.33%). Morphine in the epidural catheter was the most used (47.6%) followed by parietal infiltration (36.9%), intravenous analgesia (13.1%) and TAP block (2.38%). The analgesic effectiveness was comparable between the techniques from postoperative day 0 to day 4. No difference in side effects. Postoperative morphine consumption was significantly reduced (p = 0.011) in the infiltration (9 mg) and TAP block (9mg) groups compared to the epidural catheter (16 mg) and intravenous analgesia (17 mg). No difference in 02 rehabilitation criteria (ambulation, first bowel movement). No difference in the occurrence of chronic pain. Conclusion: In the event of a cesarean section under general anesthesia, there are effective and well-tolerated alternatives to neuraxial anesthesia, particularly regional anesthesia techniques (nerve blocks), particularly in countries with low availability of morphine.

艾司氯胺酮联合TAPB对妇科腹腔镜手术患者术后疼痛及康复的影响

目的:探讨艾司氯胺酮联合腹横筋膜阻滞(TAPB)在妇科腹腔镜手术中的应用,以及对患者术后疼痛与康复的影响。方法:将2021年1月-2023年12月本我院妇科行腹腔镜手术患者100例随机纳入T组、ET组各50例,T组予以TAPB麻醉,ET组予以艾司氯胺酮联合TAPB麻醉。观察两组术中麻醉药用量(丙泊酚、瑞芬太尼)、苏醒质量(拔管时间、恢复室停留时间)、术后疼痛(VAS评分)、康复指标(排气时间、下床活动时间、术后住院时间)、血清学指标白介素-6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)、不良反应。结果:ET组术中丙泊酚剂量(402.69±27.27 mg)、瑞芬太尼剂量(1.21±0.19 mg)、拔管时间(12.06±2.10 min)、恢复室停留时间(30.66±6.41 min)均少于T组(425.24±30.68 mg、1.60±0.25 mg、17.35±2.73 min、35.29±7.23 min),术后2h、6h、12h、24h、48hVAS评分均低于T组,排气(30.62±5.78h)、下床活动(35.50±6.21h)、术后住院时间(4.96±1.00d)均少于T组(36.41±6.15h、42.14±6.93h、5.61±1.14d),两组术后1d IL-6、TNF-α、NSE均高于术前但ET组均低于T组,不良反应发生率(6.0%)低于T组(20.0%)(均P<0.05)。结论:艾司氯胺酮联合TAPB用于妇科腹腔镜手术中的麻醉效果较好,可减少麻醉维持药量,提高苏醒质量,减轻术后疼痛,有助于术后康复,且能改善血清学指标,减少不良反应。

ERAS模式下硬膜外阻滞和腹横肌平面阻滞在老年患者行腹腔镜前列腺癌根治术中的应用比较

目的比较加速康复外科(ERAS)模式下硬膜外阻滞与超声引导下腹横肌平面阻滞对老年患者行腹腔镜前列腺癌根治术的围术期镇痛效果及术后功能恢复情况。方法选择2023年2月—2023年10月于复旦大学附属肿瘤医院择期行腹腔镜前列腺癌根治手术的老年患者120例,使用随机数字表法分为全麻复合硬膜外阻滞组(EA组)和全麻复合腹横肌平面阻滞组(TAP组),每组60例。采用视觉模拟评分(VAS)评估并比较2组患者术后的疼痛程度;观察并比较2组患者围术期舒芬太尼用量、患者胃肠道功能恢复时间(第一次肛门排气和排便的时间、第一次饮水及第一次进食半流质的时间)、患者首次下床活动时间、拔除导尿管时间、住院时间、不良反应和手术并发症发生率。结果因4例患者被剔除研究,最终116例患者被纳入统计。2组患者在术后各个时间点的静息和运动状态下的VAS评分差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。2组患者围术期舒芬太尼用量差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。TAP组患者排气时间、排便时间、进食时间、下地活动时间均明显少于EA组(P<0.05);2组拔尿管时间、住院时间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。EA组和TAP组术后不良反应发生率差异无统计学意义(8.62%vs 6.90%,P>0.05);EA组和TAP组手术并发症发生率差异无统计学意义(5.17%vs 3.45%,P>0.05)。结论腹横肌平面阻滞对腹腔镜前列腺癌根治术的老年患者可能提供等同硬膜外麻醉的良好镇痛效果,能促进老年患者胃肠道功能恢复,有利于患者早期下床活动,更加符合ERAS理念。

超声引导下腹横肌平面阻滞在腹腔镜完全腹膜外疝修补术中的应用效果

目的探讨超声引导下腹横肌平面(TAP)阻滞在腹腔镜完全腹膜外疝修补术(TEP)中的应用效果。方法100例TEP患者,按随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,每组50例。对照组采用全身麻醉,观察组在超声引导下行TAP阻滞。比较两组患者术后不同时间点活动、休息状态下疼痛情况;术中阿片类药品使用、术后镇痛药物使用情况;恶心、呕吐发生情况及住院时间。结果两组术后不同时间点活动、休息状态下的视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分逐渐降低,观察组患者术后24、48、72 h活动状态下VAS评分分别为(2.50±0.55)、(1.69±0.52)、(1.22±0.33)分,休息状态下VAS评分分别为(2.86±0.56)、(2.30±0.66)、(1.96±0.33)分,均低于对照组的(2.76±0.45)、(1.90±0.44)、(1.38±0.41)分和(3.55±0.88)、(3.00±0.47)、(2.63±0.94)分(P<0.05)。观察组术中阿片类药品使用率6.00%、术后镇痛药使用率4.00%均低于对照组的20.00%、16.00%(P<0.05)。观察组术后恶心、呕吐发生率16.00%(8/50)显著低于对照组的34.00%(17/50),住院时间(3.16±0.99)d短于对照组的(4.05±0.55)d(P<0.05)。结论超声引导下TAP阻滞可减轻TEP术中及术后疼痛反应,从而减少阿片类药物的使用,降低不良反应发生风险,缩短住院时间,促进患者康复。