Broad bandwidth interference filter-stabilized external cavity diode laser with narrow linewidth below 100kHz

Interference filter-stabilized external cavity diode lasers （ECDLs） have properties of simple configurations, high sta- bilities, and narrow linewidths. However, the interference filter used in common ECDL designs requires an ultra-narrow bandwidth （about 0.3 nm） to achieve mode selection, that is considerably expensive and not yet available for a wide range of wavelengths. In this paper, a robust ECDL using an available broad bandwidth （about 4 nm） interference filter as the wavelength discriminator is constructed and tested. The ECDL demonstrated a narrow Lorentzian fitted linewidth of 95 kHz and a spectral purity of 2.9 MHz. The long-term frequency stability of the ECDL reaches 5.59 x 10 12.

Waveguide external cavity narrow linewidth semiconductor lasers

Narrow linewidth light source is a prerequisite for high-performance coherent optical communication and sensing.Waveguide-based external cavity narrow linewidth semiconductor lasers(WEC-NLSLs)have become a competitive and attractive candidate for many coherent applications due to their small size,volume,low energy consumption,low cost and the ability to integrate with other optical components.In this paper,we present an overview of WEC-NLSLs from their required technologies to the state-of-the-art progress.Moreover,we highlight the common problems occurring to current WEC-NLSLs and show the possible approaches to resolving the issues.Finally,we present the possible development directions for the next phase and hope this review will be beneficial to the advancements of WEC-NLSLs.

Cavity linewidth narrowing with dark-state polaritons

We present a quantum-theoretical treatment of cavity linewidth narrowing with intracavity electromagnetically in- duced transparency （EIT）. By means of intracavity EIT, the photons in the cavity are in the form of cavity polaritons： bright-state polariton and dark-state polariton. Strong coupling of the bright-state polariton to the excited state induces an effect known as vacuum Rabi splitting, whereas the dark-state polariton decoupled from the excited state induces a narrow cavity transmission window. Our analysis would provide a quantum theory of linewidth narrowing with a quantum field pulse.

Degenerate cascade fluorescence: Optical spectral-line narrowing via a single microwave cavity

For a three-level atom, two nondegenerate(even microwave and optical) electric dipole transitions are usually allowed;for either of these, the fluorescence spectra are well-described in terms of spontaneous transitions from a triplet of dressed sublevels to an adjacent lower-lying triplet. When the three dressed sublevels are equally spaced from each other, a remarkable feature known as degenerate cascade fluorescence takes place, which displays a five-peaked structure. We show that a single cavity can make all the spectral lines extremely narrow, whether they arise from cavity-coupled or cavity-free transitions. This effect is based on intrinsic cascade lasing feedback and makes it possible to use a single microwave cavity(even a bad cavity) to narrow the spectral lines in the optical frequency regime.

Output Characteristics of Narrow No-Gain Competition Linewidth Dual-Wavelength Laser at 912 nm and 1064 nm

The output characteristics of a narrow linewidth, no-gain competition, dual-wavelength solid-state laser using an intra-cavity pumped method are reported. This system consists of an intra-cavity pumped Nd:YVO4 laser emitting at 1064 nm, using a 912 nm Nd:GdVO4 laser. A Fabry-Perot etalon is used to compress the linewidth that located at the common cavity of 912 nm and 1064 nm laser. Theoretical analysis and experimental verification were carried out. When the pump power is 32.8 W, the output of 912 nm and 1064 nm theoretical value is 0.036 W and 0.046 W, and the experimental value is 0.017 W and 0.016 W, respectively. The change trend of the theoretical simulated output power value was the same as the actual measured value in the experiment. In addition to this, the experimental measurement shows when the etalon with an angle of 15?, corresponding minimum linewidths were 0.284 nm and 0.627 nm, respectively.

窄腔内倒扣产品多次顺序抽芯注塑模设计

针对塑件正面窄腔内5个倒扣、背面2个窄腔内环形倒扣、四周侧17个倒扣,背面7个倒扣的结构难点,创新提出了隧道楔紧块、滑块运动方向与侧型芯垂直的吊挂侧型芯式抽芯方法,实现窄腔内倒扣抽芯。设计了4类抽芯机构,通过4次顺序抽芯成功实现窄腔内复杂倒扣产品的脱模。第一次抽芯解决正面窄腔内5个倒扣抽芯难题,由顺序定距分型机构控制抽芯顺序;第二次抽芯解决四周侧17个倒扣抽芯难题;第三次抽芯解决背面7个倒扣抽芯难题;第四次抽芯解决背面2个窄腔内环形倒扣抽芯难题,创新设计了弹簧式快速二次推出机构控制抽芯顺序。经试模验证,该模具结构合理、工作可靠。

Numerical Simulation of External-Cavity Distributed Feedback Semiconductor Laser

We propose a theoretical model to describe external-cavity distributed feedback semiconductor lasers and investigate the impact of the number of external feedback points on linewidth and side-mode suppression ratio through numerical simulation. The simulation results demonstrate that the linewidth of external-cavity semiconductor lasers can be reduced by increasing the external cavity length and feedback ratio, and adding more external feedback points can further narrow the linewidth and enhance the side mode suppression ratio. This research provides insight into the external cavity distributed feedback mechanism and can guide the design of high-performance external cavity semiconductor lasers. .

光纤布拉格光栅长外腔反馈半导体激光器特性研究

窄线宽激光器是光谱学和精密计量学等实验的基本组成部分。由于半导体激光器对外部光学反馈十分敏感,所以可以利用光反馈的高带宽抑制半导体激光器的相位噪声,进而压窄线宽。本文采用光纤布拉格光栅作为反馈元件,搭建了长外腔反馈回路。为了降低外界环境温度起伏和气流扰动的影响,对反馈光路的光纤控温,使得1小时内最大温度起伏从0.039℃降低到0.003℃。此外,测试了反馈带宽对激光线宽的影响,尽管实验所用光纤布拉格光栅的带宽远大于自由运转的激光线宽,但仍然可以观察到激光线宽被压窄,且光纤光栅的带宽越小,激光线宽越窄。对于此现象,分析认为在反馈回路中应该存在一种负反馈机制,可以将激光线宽稳定到反馈光谱的某个斜率处,所以光纤光栅的反馈带宽越窄,反馈光谱的斜率越大,反馈越灵敏。通过调整光纤光栅的反馈功率在0~1 mW范围内改变,观察到当反射功率为0.8 mW时,光反馈将激光线宽从自由运转的100.5 kHz压窄到最窄的11.5 kHz,0.2 kHz~2 MHz范围内的相位噪声降低约20 dB。

基于多纵模振荡种子源的高功率窄线宽光纤激光器关键技术分析及研究现状

基于多纵模振荡种子源的窄线宽光纤激光器具有光路简单、结构紧凑、可靠性高、成本低等特点,在实际工程应用以及在空间受限的载荷平台上有着显著优势,是高功率光谱合成的理想子束模块。受自脉冲效应的影响,多纵模振荡种子源的时域特性较差,导致放大过程中会产生较强的光谱展宽与受激拉曼散射效应。这限制了其输出功率的进一步提升并降低了其光谱纯度。本文首先介绍了4种常见的窄线宽种子源,并重点分析了多纵模振荡种子源中自脉冲效应产生的机理及抑制方法,对优化多纵模振荡种子源和放大器的关键技术进行了详细介绍,归纳总结了近几年的技术突破与研究成果,对未来的发展方向进行了展望分析。本文研究对基于多纵模振荡种子源的窄线宽激光器的功率提升和光谱优化提供一定思路。

窄线宽外腔半导体激光器研究进展

窄线宽外腔半导体激光器具有结构简单、可调谐、噪声低等优势,广泛应用于量子精密测量、光通信、激光雷达等领域。根据外腔选频器件的不同,本文主要介绍光栅型激光器、干涉滤光型激光器、波导型激光器和法拉第激光器四类外腔半导体激光器,分析各类激光器的基本结构与选频机制、介绍各自的优缺点以及国内外研究进展。其中,前三类激光器采用非量子器件进行频率选择,而法拉第激光器利用共振法拉第旋光效应选频,输出波长直接对应原子跃迁谱线,对激光二极管的电流与温度变化具有良好的鲁棒性。随后介绍外腔半导体激光器的应用情况,尤其是在精密测量领域中的典型应用。最后总结并展望窄线宽外腔半导体激光器的未来发展方向。

100 GHz双频带通腔体滤波器的设计及制作工艺研究

针对当前双频或多频带通滤波器主要以30 GHz以内的工作范围为主,在高频毫米波范围内以单频超宽带设计为主这一现象,设计出一款可以在100 GHz~103 GHz工作范围内存在两个超窄带工作带宽的双频腔体滤波器。两个工作频段分别为100.67 GHz~101.36 GHz和102.67 GHz~102.78 GHz,与之对应的相对带宽分别为0.68%和0.11%。所设计腔体滤波器采用UV-LIGA工艺完成其样品的制备,并使用由矢量网络分析仪和扩频模块所搭建的测试平台完成测试,经测试,相对带宽的绝对误差分别为0.19%和0.02%。

Two-hertz-linewidth Nd:YAG lasers at 1064 nm stabilized to vertically mounted ultra-stable cavities

Two Nd：YAG lasers operating at 1064 nm are separately servo-locked to two vertically mounted ultra-stable cavities. The optical heterodyne beat between two cavity-stabilized lasers shows that the linewidth of each laser reaches 2 Hz and the average frequency drift reduces to less than 1 Hz/s.

Highly Angular Tolerant Transmission Filters for Narrow-Band Image Sensors

A dielectric transmittance filter composed of subwavelength grating sandwiched between two few-layers distributed Bragg reflectors (DBRs) is proposed with the aim of being compatible with CMOS technology and to be tunable by lithographic means of the grating pattern without the need of thickness changes, in the broad spirit of metamaterials. The DBR mirrors form a Fabry-Perot (FP) cavity whose resonant frequency can be tuned by changing the effective refractive index of the cavity, here, by tailoring the in-plane filling factor of the grating. The structure has been studied and designed by performing numerical simulations using Fourier Modal Method (FMM). This filter proves to have high broad angular tolerance up to ±30˚. This feature is crucial for evaluating the spectral performance of narrow-band filters especially the so-called Ambient light sensors (ALS). By analyzing the transmittance spectral distributions in the band diagram, it is found that the angular tolerance is due to coupling between the FP and the guided mode inside the cavity in analogy to resonances occurring within multimode periodic waveguides in a different context.

宽范围无跳模外腔可调谐半导体激光器

具有宽调谐范围、无跳模以及高光谱纯净度的半导体激光器在超精细光谱、相干检测和光纤智能感知等领域有着重要的应用。但是受到半导体激光器固有运转特性的制约,通过传统的单片集成式半导体激光器难以获得高光谱纯净度的宽范围可调谐激光输出。因此文中采用闪耀光栅作为外腔反馈元件,单角面度半导体增益芯片作为增益介质,通过Littman-Metcalf外腔振荡结构实现了1 480~1 580 nm的宽调谐范围、无模式跳变的线宽小于98.27 kHz的激光输出,在注入电流为410 mA的条件下获得了16.95 dBm的峰值功率、全范围功率优于14.96 dBm和边模抑制比优于65.54 dB的输出。相应的实验结果表明:采用机械刻划闪耀光栅的Littman-Metcalf结构用于半导体激光器,可很大程度的改善半导体激光器的综合性能。该研究有利于推动其在提升光频域反射仪测量精度方向的应用。

典型滚子类轴承越程槽的优化设计及工艺经济性分析

针对轴承可靠性、可预测性及一致性等要求越来越多的背景,分析了典型滚子类轴承越程槽的优化设计方向及其工艺经济性,形成了对越程槽的系统性认知。窄小越程槽适用范围广,加工经济成本低,是未来发展的主要方向;“无越程槽”结构特定条件下可靠性更高,但适用范围小,加工经济成本高,主要适用于如飞机、舰船、雷达等高可靠性要求的场合。

外腔可调谐半导体激光器的输出特性(特邀)

报道了采用Littman-Metcalf结构形式,利用宽增益谱半导体激光器作为内腔种子源,闪耀光栅和调谐反射镜构成外腔反馈单元,实现了波长可调谐范围覆盖1479.96~1599.96 nm的无跳模、高精度(±1.38 pm)、高边模抑制比(84.34 d B)以及高稳定性(功率:±0.00883 dB/1h,波长:±0.25 pm/1h)输出的实验结果。该外腔可调谐半导体激光器的有效腔长约为50 mm,输出最大功率为15.19 dBm,输出最小光谱线宽为18.89 kHz。该研究有利于推动新型超高分辨率光谱分析系统的研究,为其提供自主可控的激光信号产生源。

高功率多结905nm垂直腔面发射激光器

本文针对激光雷达等中、远距离传感应用,设计并制备了3结905 nm垂直腔面发射激光器(VCSEL)。通过PICS3D软件对多结VCSEL相邻有源区间距和P型分布布拉格反射镜(DBR)对数进行仿真计算,设计了具有2λ的相邻有源区间距和14对P型DBR的3结VCSEL。在此基础上,外延生长和制备了100单元3结905 nm VCSEL阵列,单元氧化孔径为15μm。在窄脉冲条件下(脉冲宽度100 ns,占空比0.05%),该阵列的最大峰值功率达到24.7 W,峰值功率密度为182 W/mm^(2)。

High-power narrow-linewidth diode laser pump source based on high-efficiency external cavity feedback technology

In this research,the highly efficient external cavity feedback technology based on volume Bragg grating(VBG)is studied.By using the structure of a fast axis collimating lens,the beam transformation system,a slow axis collimating lens,and VBG,the divergence angle of the fast and slow axes of the diode laser incident on the VBG is reduced effectively,and the feedback efficiency of the external cavity is improved.Combined with beam combining technology,fiber coupling technology,and precision temperature control technology,a high-power and narrow-linewidth diode laser pump source of kilowatt class is realized for alkali metal vapor laser pumping.The core diameter of the optical fiber is 1000μm,the numerical aperture is 0.22,the output power from the fiber is 1013 W,the fiber coupling efficiency exceeds 89%,and the external cavity efficiency exceeds 91%.The central wavelength is 852.052 nm(in air),which is tunable from 851.956 nm to 852.152 nm,and the spectral linewidth is 0.167 nm.Research results can be used for cesium alkali metal vapor laser pumping.

窄线宽的外腔半导体激光器

介绍了使用闪耀光栅作为光反馈元件 ,与原始线宽大于 12 0 0GHz的半导体激光器构成的Littrow型外腔半导体激光器 ,极大地改善了激光器的性能。实验得到了功率恒定、模式单一稳定、线宽优于 1.2MHz的激光输出 ,压窄线宽比为 10 6,并针对Littrow型外腔结构提出了简洁。

用于激光测距的1572nm窄带滤光膜

介绍了用于激光测距机的1 572 nm窄带滤光膜的用途、特性和制备方法。利用计算机优化软件对多腔结构进行计算后,得到了损耗小、制备方便、重复性好的膜系设计。讨论了薄膜的光谱、温漂及均匀性等主要技术问题后,给出了特性测试和环境实验结果。目前相关的带宽12 nm滤光膜应用在新型激光测距机中分别达到了精度±5 m和重复频率(1±0.1)Hz下11 km的使用效果。