Application of traditional Chinese medicine nursing technique in hyperten hypertension with insomnia: A literature review

目前,高血压合并失眠仍缺乏统一有效的治疗手段,而中医护理技术能够有效高血压合并失眠患者的失眠症状,降低血压,缓解疲劳,改善焦虑、抑郁情绪,提高生活质量等。中医护理技术在高血压合并失眠患者中的应用不仅包括穴位按摩、穴位贴敷、耳穴压豆等单一中医护理技术的应用,还包括两种或多种中医护理技术的应用等。本文通过综述有关高血压合并失眠的中医护理技术应用现状,旨在为高血压合并失眠患者的治疗提供参考。

History of recurrent miscarriage in traditional Chinese medicine literature

早在1500多年前,中医古籍对复发性流产就有相应的记载.最早把复发性流产当成生殖异常的记载出现在南北朝时期的古籍《产经》上（420A.D.–589A.D.）,许多治疗复发性流产的经典方剂沿用至今.本文回顾了历代医家对复发性流产的病因病机及治疗的认识,列出了中医治疗复发性流产的经典方,以及现代医学中关于复发性流产的药理学研究和临床研究.

Study on Clinical Literature of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Objective:To systematically analyze the basic information,research contents and related problems in the design of literature in the research field of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) for irritable bowel syndrome,as well as to provide reliable evidence for improving clinical efficacy of IBS.Methods:Clinical observational literatures on the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome by TCM in 2009-2019 were searched in following Chinese databases:Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),Wan Fang Database,China Science and Technology Journal Database(VIP).After selection,included studies were categorized by items as publication time,author regional distribution,treatment of TCM and control group,etc..Then we analyzed and evaluated the clinical effects of TCM treatment of irritable bowel syndrome.Results:1.Of the 986 literatures retrieved,318 met the inclusion criteria,and the number of relative literatures increased year by year.2.There were 224 literatures related to syndrome differentiation,in which 20 types of TCM syndromes were involved.The top three were the syndrome of disharmony between liver and spleen,deficiency of spleen Yang and kidney Yang and deficiency of spleen with damp retention,accounting for 53.12%、15.17% and 8.48%.3.There were 90 literatures on non-dialectical medication,among which Self-made Prescriptions(自拟方) were the most commonly used,accounting for 34.44%.4.There were 39.13% of the control group using antispasmodic.Among the antispasmodic,57.58% was Pinaverium bromide.5.Only 57 literatures were related to the recurrence rate,among which 54 showed a statistically significant difference between the two groups(P<0.05).6.There were 142 literatures involved in the observation of adverse reactions of patients,and the adverse reactions mainly included dryness in the mouth,constipation,abdominal pain,diarrhea,nausea,etc..7.After the evaluation of the quality of the included literature,it was found that among the types of randomized controlled trials(RCTs),5 was class Ⅰ,27 were class Ⅱ,and 273 were class Ⅲ;In non-randomized controlled trials,13 were all class Ⅲ.Conclusion:The number of literatures on TCM treatment for irritable bowel syndrome was increasing year by year,showing that more and more attention had been paid to the clinical application and research of TCM by clinical workers and researchers.While In the clinical research of TCM treatment of irritable bowel syndrome,there were some deficiencies,such as non-standard TCM syndrome type,the main subjects of this study were irritable bowel syndrome-D and the international scale for evaluation of irritable bowel syndrome was not used in most of the experiments.Therefore,it is an urgent need for more high-quality clinical research in attempts to provide enough and reliable evidence to guide the medical care.

Bibliometrics and visual analysis for clinical research on intervention of traditional Chinese medicine nursing technology on rheumatoid arthritis

Objective:The objective of this study is to explore the current situation,clinical research hot spots,and trends of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)nursing technology in rheumatoid arthritis(RA),to draw a panorama of clinical research,to provide the basis and clues for subsequent high-level evidence integration and further in-depth research.Materials and Methods:Seven databases including China National Knowledge Infrastructure,Chinese Scientific Journal Database(VIP),Wanfang Database,Chinese Biomedical Literature Database(Sino-Med),PubMed,Embase,and the Cochrane Library were searched.The bibliometric method and visualization software CiteSpace were used to conduct a multi-dimensional analysis of the included literature.Results:A total of 805 pieces of literature were included(of them,one was written in German and four in English),and the number of published literature showed an increasing trend year by year.There were only 30(3.73%)pieces of literature published in nursing journals.The hot spots of the co-occurrence map were concentrated in:(1)the nursing of fumigation in RA;(2)the efficacy evaluation of TCM nursing technology on pain,joint malformation,and joint dysfunction caused by RA.The included literature themes focused on five TCM technologies:fumigation,moxibustion,acupoint patching,acupoint injection,and Chinese herbal soaking.The beginning year and strength in TCM fumigation were 2012 and 5.2,and those in moxibustion were 2011 and 3.38.Conclusion:The related studies are on the rise.It has entered the field of international readers with clear research hot spots.However,there are still shortcomings such as little literature published in Chinese nursing core journals,few non-Chinese-related documents,and a lack of international exchanges and cooperation.The current research hot spots in this field are TCM fumigation,and the cutting-edge trend of future research may be fumigation and moxibustion technology.It is suggested that further research can focus on evidence integration and original research on the self-optimization of these two techniques.

Screening of traditional Chinese medicine monomers as ribonucleotide reductase M2 inhibitors for tumor treatment

BACKGROUND Ribonucleotide reductase(RR)is a key enzyme in tumor proliferation,especially its subunit-RRM2.Although there are multiple therapeutics for tumors,they all have certain limitations.Given their advantages,traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)monomers have become an important source of anti-tumor drugs.Therefore,screening and analysis of TCM monomers with RRM2 inhibition can provide a reference for further anti-tumor drug development.AIM To screen and analyze potential anti-tumor TCM monomers with a good binding capacity to RRM2.METHODS The Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis database was used to analyze the level of RRM2 gene expression in normal and tumor tissues as well as RRM2's effect on the overall survival rate of tumor patients.TCM monomers that potentially act on RRM2 were screened via literature mining.Using AutoDock software,the screened monomers were docked with the RRM2 protein.RESULTS The expression of RRM2 mRNA in multiple tumor tissues was significantly higher than that in normal tissues,and it was negatively correlated with the overall survival rate of patients with the majority of tumor types.Through literature mining,we discovered that berberine,ursolic acid,gambogic acid,cinobufagin,quercetin,daphnetin,and osalmide have inhibitory effects on RRM2.The results of molecular docking identified that the above TCM monomers have a strong binding capacity with RRM2 protein,which mainly interacted through hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic force.The main binding sites were Arg330,Tyr323,Ser263,and Met350.CONCLUSION RRM2 is an important tumor therapeutic target.The TCM monomers screened have a good binding capacity with the RRM2 protein.

Analysis on the principles of differentiation and prescription of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of cancerous fever

基于Logistic回归分析与文献检索探讨中医药治疗癌性发热辨证论治用药规律。检索中国期刊全文数据库(CNKI)、中国学术期刊数据库(万方数据)、中国生物医学文献数据库(CBMdisc)、PubMed、MEDLINE、EMBASE,检索日期始于各数据库起始日期,截止至2016年6月30日。对收录的关于中医药治疗癌性发热的相关文献进行筛选,并对用药频次进行统计,采用Logistic多元逐步回归法对癌性发热证型用药进行模型建立。计量统计显示,癌性发热方药使用频次较高的分别为青蒿鳖甲汤,小柴胡汤,血府逐瘀汤,白虎汤,三仁汤。癌性发热证型主要表现为热毒炽盛,阴虚发热,湿热蕴结,气阴两虚,肝经郁热,血瘀发热和阳虚发热7型。基于分型用药回归方程结果,热毒炽盛型中特别用药为柴胡,白芍,黄芩;阴虚发热型中特别用药为柴胡,丹皮;湿热蕴结型中特别用药为赤芍,当归;气阴两虚型中特别用药为半夏,地骨皮,白芍;肝经郁热型中特别用药为青蒿,石膏,茯苓;血瘀发热型中特别用药为知母,黄芩,党参;阳虚发热型中特别用药为柴胡。通过用药频次统计和Logistic回归分析方法可为中医药治疗癌性发热用药及临床辨证论治提供参考。

Treatment of cholecystitis with Chinese herbal medicines:A systematic review of the literature

AIM:To analyze the literature on the use of Chinese herbal medicines for the treatment of cholecystitis.METHODS:The literature on treatment of cholecystitis with traditional Chinese medicines(TCM) was analyzed based on the principles and methods described by evidence-based medicine(EBM).Eight databases including MEDLINE,EMbase,Cochrane Central(CCTR),four Chinese databases(China Biological MedicineDatabase,Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure Database,Database of Chinese Science and Technology Periodicals,Database of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology) and Chinese Clinical Registry Center,were searched.Full text articles or abstracts concerning TCM treatment of cholecystitis were selected,categorized according to study design,the strength of evidence,the first author's hospital type,and analyzed statistically.RESULTS:A search of the literature published from 1977 through 2009 yielded 1468 articles in Chinese and 9 in other languages;and 93.92% of the articles focused on clinical studies.No article was of levelⅠevidence,and 9.26% were of level Ⅱ evidence.The literature cited by Science Citation Index(SCI),MEDLINE and core Chinese medical journals accounted for 0.41%,0.68% and 7.29%,respectively.Typically,the articles featured in case reports of illness,examined from the perspective of EBM,were weak in both quality and evidence level,which inconsistently conflicted with the fact that most of the papers were by authors from Level-3 hospitals,the highest possible level evaluated based on their comprehensive quality and academic authenticity in China.CONCLUSION:The published literature on TCM treatment of cholecystitis is of low quality and based on low evidence,and cognitive medicine may functions as a useful supplementary framework for the evaluation.

Systematic evaluation of traditional Chinese medicine for treating Parkinson's disease

BACKGROUND：To evaluate the quality of the literature addressing traditional Chinese medicine for treating Parkinson＇s disease.DATA SOURCE：A computer-based online search of Chinese publications from January 2001 to July 2008 was conducted in Chinese Biology Medical Disc Database and China National Knowledge Infrastructure. Search key words were Parkinson＇s disease, integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine, traditional Chinese medicine therapy, and Chinese herb therapy.DATA SELECTION：Articles describing randomized, controlled trials and quasi-randomized, controlled trials were included. Literature quality was assessed using the criteria-Systematic evaluation of clinical literature related to treatment of Parkinson＇s disease with traditional Chinese medicine. This included methodology, interventions in the treatment/control group, evaluation criterion of outcomes, and frequency.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES：Evaluation criterion of outcomes （various score methods and evaluation scales）, methodological quality, and frequency distribution were all measured.RESULTS：A total of 33 articles with randomized, controlled trials were included. Of these, six described a random method, and the remaining did not describe random allocation methods or random sequence generation methods. None of the studies estimated sample size. Case descriptions of withdrawal and loss to follow-up were unclear. Both the Unified Parkinson＇s Disease Rating Scale and Webster scale were used in the eligible studies as evaluation criteria.CONCLUSION：There are no high-quality studies that address traditional Chinese medicine therapy and integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine for treating Parkinson＇s disease in China. Eligible studies were not performed in accordance with Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials statement or Standards for Reporting Interventions in Controlled Trials of Acupuncture criteria, and the literature quality was low. The presently used criteria for evaluating therapeutic effects do not completely assess outcomes of traditional Chinese medicine for treating Parkinson＇s disease. The identification of precise outcomes should be verified using randomized, controlled studies with adequate controls and proper designs.

Traditional Chinese Medicine Nursing in Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy： A literature review

目前，糖尿病周围神经病变（diabetic peripheral neuropathy, DPN）仍旧缺乏统一有效的治疗手段，而以辨证论治为特点的中医技术（如中药制剂、针刺、熏蒸）则被视为DPN潜在的有效治疗方法。中医护理技术是在中医理论的基础上发展而来的照护手段，其对DPN的照护不仅包括针灸、穴位敷贴等疗法的应用，而且还涉及到患者饮食及情绪的调护，其最终目的在于促进DPN患者皮肤和神经末梢的恢复。本文通过总结近年来国内外有关DPN的中医护理研究成果，以期为DPN的治疗提供参考。

基于文献计量分析皮内针疗法适宜病症与临床应用进展

目的基于文献计量分析皮内针疗法的临床文献,探讨皮内针疗法的适宜病症与临床应用进展。方法通过计算机检索中国知网(CNKI)、万方数据库(Wanfang data)和维普中文期刊数据库中与皮内针疗法相关的临床研究文献,应用文献计量学的方法对皮内针疗法发文量、病谱和适宜病症进行分析。结果临床涉及论文共2220篇,近10年发文量显著增长。皮内针疗法临床涉及病症208种。一级适宜病症为手术后疼痛、失眠症、偏瘫、面神经麻痹;二级适宜病症为肩痛、颈椎病、癌痛、膝骨关节炎、腰椎间盘移位、便秘、头痛;三级适宜病症为带状疱疹、遗尿、放化疗后不良反应、变应性鼻炎、呃逆、面肌痉挛;四级适宜病症包括痛经、高血压、糖尿病、胃肠功能紊乱、痹证、吞咽障碍、腰扭伤、肥胖症。结论皮内针疗法是近年来的临床研究热点,其治疗疾病以痛症居多,其次为各类慢性病。不同针具中,揿针的应用受到广泛关注。

湖湘古代中医药文献的类型与特点述略

湖湘中医药文献既是湖湘先人认识疾病的重要途径,又是湖湘地区中医药知识的重要宝库。从早期的口头传承到简帛、竹木简牍,再到纸质文献,湖湘中医药文献呈现了丰富多样的类型和独特的发展轨迹。周秦两汉时期,湖湘中医药文献开始萌芽,主要以简帛文献为主;魏晋隋唐时期,文献载体逐渐向竹木简牍转变,且养生文献得到发展;宋金元时期,方书集合文献占据主导地位,中医药知识体系更趋完善;明清时期,见证了湖湘中医药文献的鼎盛,特别是处理时疫的文献得到广泛流传。通过厘清湖湘古代中医药文献的类型与特点,展示和挖掘湖湘中医药知识和理论的构建历程,从而促进湖湘中医药及其文献的研究利用。

基于现代中医医案文献分析的糖尿病肾病证素及用药规律研究

目的:利用数据挖掘技术分析糖尿病肾病(DN)的发病人群、核心症状、证素以及用药规律等。方法:在知网数据库中检索中医医案文献,纳入有效文献340篇,394例处方来构建数据库。通过Python、Gephi、SPSS等软件进行共现、关联等数据分析。结果:DN的发病人群主要为45~75岁的中老年男性;患者核心症状为乏力、口干、下肢水肿等;DN病位前期主要在肝、肾,后期主要在脾、肾;病性以气虚、血虚、阳虚、湿、阴虚最为常见;以黄芪-茯苓、黄芪-山药、黄芪-山茱萸等为最常使用的药对。结论:糖尿病肾病基本病机为肝、脾、肾为主的脏腑虚证为基础,夹杂着寒、热、湿、血瘀等;治疗上以益气养阴、补益肝肾为主。

中医药治疗消化系统肿瘤术后胃瘫临床研究的文献分析

[目的]分析近10年中医药联合常规疗法治疗消化系统肿瘤术后胃瘫的临床研究特征,并评价其方法学质量。[方法]检索中国知网、万方数据库、维普中文期刊服务平台、中国生物医学文献服务系统、Pubmed、Web of Science,收集2013年1月—2022年12月中医药联合常规疗法治疗消化系统肿瘤术后胃瘫的临床研究文献。总结并分析纳入文献的研究类型、诊断标准、干预和对照措施、结局指标等。运用Cochrane偏倚风险评估工具等对纳入文献进行方法学质量评价。[结果]最终纳入31篇文献,其中30篇为随机对照试验,1篇为回顾性研究。纳入的随机对照试验(RCT)研究方法学质量整体偏低,27项(90.00%)研究报告了随机化方案,其中1项评价为高风险,仅3项(10.00%)研究报告了分配隐藏方案,29项(96.67%)研究未报告受试者、研究者及结局评价者施盲情况。纳入文献研究对象诊断标准不统一。涉及33种干预措施,以中医外治法居多(66.67%)。临床疗效评价指标不规范,仅2篇文献区分了主、次要结局指标。[结论]建议今后研究者提前注册研究方案,完整透明地报告研究方案,严格按照国际标准设计和实施临床方案。期待未来能够出台相关指南或专家共识统一术后胃瘫综合征诊治标准,规范结局指标判定标准,开展中医药相关核心指标集的研究。

基于GPTs的中医知识图谱实体和关系抽取研究

目的研究基于自定义生成型预训练变换模型(GPTs)抽取中医古籍文献中的实体与关系并构建知识图谱的方法,探索其在中医古籍文献整理与挖掘中的潜在优势。方法以《中华医方》部分数据为例,首先通过比较测试国内外常用的GPTs产品处理中医古籍文献数据方面的能力,筛选合适的大语言模型提取《中华医方》中的实体与关系,并将结果以实体表和关系表的形式输出;然后将实体表和关系表导入知识图谱构建工具neo4j,生成中医知识图谱;之后,比较深度学习模型CasRel、GPLinker与GPTs在中医知识图谱构建中的效果,并进行评价。结果实验结果显示,在识别和提取《中华医方》中的实体和关系方面,预训练生成聊天模型4.0(ChatGPT4.0)的GPTs优于其他大语言模型;与传统的深度学习模型比较,其在准确率(P)、召回率(R)、调和平均数(F1)三个指标方面都比其他深度学习模型的表现更好。结论利用GPTs进行中医古籍的实体识别和关系抽取表现出较好的效果,可减少传统方法中人工标注语料和模型训练的需求,有望在中医药领域得到快速推广。然而,此方法也存在一定的局限性,如提示词的编写复杂度高、输出结果可能存在信息省略,以及处理较长文本时上下文窗口长度不足等问题。未来研究需要进一步优化大语言模型的使用策略,以提高其在中医知识图谱构建中的效率和准确性。

基于《中医方剂大辞典》的雷丸组方用药规律分析

目的 基于数据挖掘方法探究《中医方剂大辞典》中雷丸的组方用药规律。方法 以《中医方剂大辞典》为信息源,梳理含雷丸的方剂,构建雷丸方药数据库;采用文献分析和数据挖掘方法,探讨雷丸的增效减毒及其方剂主治病症类型、药物配伍情况;利用关联规则分析探寻其在常见病中的配伍特点;使用皮尔逊相关性分析发掘药-证的相关性,总结其用药规律。结果 含有雷丸方剂的剂型主要为丸剂和散剂,高频用药为槟榔、大黄、木香等,与雷丸配伍的主要为驱虫药、泻下药及理气药等,且味多为苦、辛,归胃经、脾经。其中“槟榔-雷丸”出现的药对配伍频数最高,其次是“大黄-雷丸”“木香-雷丸”;雷丸方剂的主治病症为虫积的频数最高,其次为疳证、积滞等。皮尔逊相关性分析结果表明,治疗虫积配伍槟榔、木香、使君子、芜荑、鹤虱等;治疗疳证配伍胡黄连、黄连、青皮等;治疗积滞配伍神曲、陈皮、牵牛子、三棱等。结论 雷丸与槟榔等配伍可加强杀虫消积的功效;与胡黄连、大黄等配伍可增加泻下攻积的作用,以上可能会引起轻微的胃肠道不良反应;与陈皮、神曲等配伍可保护胃黏膜,减轻胃肠不良反应。但雷丸毒性物质基础研究等未见报道,仍需深入研究,为雷丸临床应用提供更确切的基础。

“互联网+”教育在中医文献教学中的应用

中医经典文献是中医学学习中的重要组成部分,是中医发展过程中积累下来的经验和智慧,对中医学体系建设以及中医临床指导具有重要意义。随着科学技术和互联网技术的发展,中医经典文献的教学模式也在不断演变,对中医文献教学已不仅仅局限于传统的线下教学,线上远程教育逐渐走入大众视野,并为广大学生提供了更加便利的学习途径。将“互联网+”教育与传统的中医文献教育相结合,可以为学生提供更加灵活的学习方式,其高度量化的特征和多层次的交互功能,也为个性化学习提供基础。同时,通过各种数字化资源,包括在线课程、数字图书馆和线上学术论坛等方式,可以让更多的人能够接触和学习到中医经典文献的知识。文章内容主要探索“互联网+”教育模式对中医文献教育教学改革的推动及影响。

数据挖掘在中医名家辨治血液病中的研究应用

血液病因其高危险性和低治愈率严重地威胁着患者的身心健康。中医治疗血液病有着明显的优势,名中医在辨治血液病方面具有丰富的经验,且临床疗效显著。但是由于中医的辨证依据大多是个人主观思考,无法广泛地指导临床,所以通过数据挖掘技术全面客观地总结临床医家的经验、辨证、方药,将更有利于挖掘出规范化的理法方药及应用规律,以科学、高效的方法实现中医药的继承和创新。

基于文献分析探讨数据挖掘在肺癌中药用药规律的应用

目的:分析数据挖掘在肺癌中药用药规律中的应用,进一步总结中医药治疗肺癌的规律,为中医药治疗肺癌提供新的思路。方法:检索中国知网、万方数据、维普网、Pubmed中采用数据挖掘技术探究中药治疗肺癌用药规律的文献,构建数据库,应用文献分析对文献的数据分析软件、算法、高频中药、药对等信息进行归纳总结。结果:得到88篇有效文献,文献数量呈逐年上升趋势;数据挖掘常用分析软件为MicrosoftExcel、SPSS及其系列软件、中医传承辅助平台;常用分析方法为频次分析、关联规则和聚类分析;97.73%文献统计了高频药物,合计得到151味高频药物,频数排名前三的为黄芪、白花蛇舌草和甘草;涉及的药类主要为清热药和补虚药;高频药物药性以寒性、温性最多,药味主要为甘味、苦味和辛味,归经主要归肝、肺、脾和胃经;80.90%文献分析了治疗肺癌的常用药对,共计得到239组常用药对,对高频药物的关联规则分析得到二项关联5条,两者结果呼应;37.65%文献总结了中医治疗肺癌的常用中药核心组合,57.95%文献总结了常用聚类方或新方,23.86%文献总结了不同中医证型肺癌的用药规律;聚类分析得到5个药物组合。结论:数据挖掘已广泛运用于中医药治疗肺癌的领域,且研究结果符合肺癌“虚、痰、瘀、毒”的病机,间接说明了中医治疗肺癌应以扶正为主,配合活血、化痰、祛湿、解毒等法,为中医药治疗肺癌提供依据。

燕赵医学古籍文献数据库构建研究

为深入挖掘和传承燕赵中医药精华,河北中医药大学开发建设了燕赵医学古籍文献数据库。项目搜集整理14部代表性的燕赵医学著作,导入数据库进行核心病、证、症、治、方、药等实体及实体间语义关系标注,在此基础上实现数据库的检索统计分析功能,构建完成具有中医文献标注与检索分析功能的数据库。该数据库可检索燕赵医学相关古籍,统计分析古籍核心信息,并以可视化方式展示结果,便于用户探寻燕赵医家学派的用药规律、学术特色以及各类疾病的证治特点,可为燕赵医学古籍的研读、燕赵医家学术思想的研究提供帮助。

中医适宜技术在产妇分娩疼痛管理中的应用进展

该文从分娩疼痛产生机制,中医适宜技术应用于分娩疼痛管理的理论基础及方式进行综述,分析中医适宜技术在减轻产妇分娩疼痛、增加舒适感方面的应用优势,探讨存在的不足,提出对未来的展望,为今后的研究和临床护理实践提供参考。