This article deals with picture excellence examination by different parameters utilizing uni-level Haar wavelet transmission in excess of remote channel. The quality is analyzed based on power. The goal is towards red...This article deals with picture excellence examination by different parameters utilizing uni-level Haar wavelet transmission in excess of remote channel. The quality is analyzed based on power. The goal is towards reducing absolute power assigned in favour of picture compression and communication, while power in favour of every bit is reserved at prearranged value. Two Power Algorithms were presented. The greatest iterative power control calculation and Minimum Power Adaptation Algorithm (MPAA) are proposed. Those algorithms methodology was utilized for improving the aggregate power dispensed for multimedia such as picture because of input compression and transmission focus towards a settled bit source mutilation. Simulations were performed utilizing Haar wavelet than Additive White Gaussian Ration (AWGN) channel. Different picture excellence parameters, for example, Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR), M-Normalized Cross-Correla- tion, Average Difference;Structural Content parameters, for example, Maximum Difference, Normalized Absolute Error, Elapsed Time, CPU time, demonstrate a improved presentation with MPAA, Maximum Power Adaptation Algorithms (MAPAA) instead of Conventional Power Adaptation Algorithm (CPAA).展开更多
As the raised cosine shaping filter is often employed in practical satellite communication system,the envelope fluctuation at the symbol transition point is decreased which leads to the failure of the common wavelet a...As the raised cosine shaping filter is often employed in practical satellite communication system,the envelope fluctuation at the symbol transition point is decreased which leads to the failure of the common wavelet algorithm under low SNR.Accordingly,a method of blind symbol rate estimation using signal preprocessing and Haar wavelet is proposed in this paper.Firstly,the effect of filter shaping can be reduced by the signal preprocessing.Then,the optimal scale factor is searched and the signal is processed and analyzed by the Haar wavelet transform.Finally,the symbol rate line is extracted and a nonlinear filter method is inducted for improving the estimation performance.Theoretical analysis and computer simulation show the efficiency of the proposed algorithm under low SNR and small roll-off factor.展开更多
A three-dimensional analysis of a simply-supported functionally graded rectangular plate with an arbitrary distribution of material properties is made using a simple and effective method based on the Haar wavelet. Wit...A three-dimensional analysis of a simply-supported functionally graded rectangular plate with an arbitrary distribution of material properties is made using a simple and effective method based on the Haar wavelet. With good features in treating singularities, Haar series solution converges rapidly for arbitrary distributions, especially for the case where the material properties change rapidly in some regions. Through numerical examples the influences of the ratio of material constants on the top and bottom surfaces and different material gradient distributions on the structural response of the plate to mechanical stimuli are studied.展开更多
The parameter identification of a nonlinear Hammerstein-type process is likely to be complex and challenging due to the existence of significant nonlinearity at the input side. In this paper, a new parameter identific...The parameter identification of a nonlinear Hammerstein-type process is likely to be complex and challenging due to the existence of significant nonlinearity at the input side. In this paper, a new parameter identification strategy for a block-oriented Hammerstein process is proposed using the Haar wavelet operational matrix(HWOM). To determine all the parameters in the Hammerstein model, a special input excitation is utilized to separate the identification problem of the linear subsystem from the complete nonlinear process. During the first test period, a simple step response data is utilized to estimate the linear subsystem dynamics. Then, the overall system response to sinusoidal input is used to estimate nonlinearity in the process. A single-pole fractional order transfer function with time delay is used to model the linear subsystem. In order to reduce the mathematical complexity resulting from the fractional derivatives of signals, a HWOM based algebraic approach is developed. The proposed method is proven to be simple and robust in the presence of measurement noises. The numerical study illustrates the efficiency of the proposed modeling technique through four different nonlinear processes and results are compared with existing methods.展开更多
The objective of this paper is to solve the timefractional Schr¨odinger and coupled Schr¨odinger differential equations(TFSE) with appropriate initial conditions by using the Haar wavelet approximation. For ...The objective of this paper is to solve the timefractional Schr¨odinger and coupled Schr¨odinger differential equations(TFSE) with appropriate initial conditions by using the Haar wavelet approximation. For the most part, this endeavor is made to enlarge the pertinence of the Haar wavelet method to solve a coupled system of time-fractional partial differential equations. As a general rule, piecewise constant approximation of a function at different resolutions is presentational characteristic of Haar wavelet method through which it converts the differential equation into the Sylvester equation that can be further simplified easily. Study of the TFSE is theoretical and experimental research and it also helps in the development of automation science,physics, and engineering as well. Illustratively, several test problems are discussed to draw an effective conclusion, supported by the graphical and tabulated results of included examples, to reveal the proficiency and adaptability of the method.展开更多
A phase-domain blind estimator of symbol duration based on Haar wavelet transform（HWT） is proposed.It can estimate the symbol duration of phase modulated signals,such as M-ary phase-shift keying（MPSK） signals and ...A phase-domain blind estimator of symbol duration based on Haar wavelet transform（HWT） is proposed.It can estimate the symbol duration of phase modulated signals,such as M-ary phase-shift keying（MPSK） signals and polyphase coded signals.The closed form of the spectrum of HWT is derived.Theoretical analysis shows the frequency of the first spectral peak is equal to the symbol rate,which is the reciprocal of symbol duration.Thus the symbol duration can be extracted from the spectrum.Subsequently,the optimum wavelet scale is determined according to the maximum output signal to noise ratio（OSNR） criterion.MAT-LAB simulations show that this algorithm can blindly estimate the symbol duration without any prior knowledge.This estimator need not estimate the carrier frequency and has the characteristics of low computation complexity and high accuracy.展开更多
This paper proposes a method combining blue the Haar wavelet and the least square to solve the multi-dimensional stochastic Ito-Volterra integral equation.This approach is to transform stochastic integral equations in...This paper proposes a method combining blue the Haar wavelet and the least square to solve the multi-dimensional stochastic Ito-Volterra integral equation.This approach is to transform stochastic integral equations into a system of algebraic equations.Meanwhile,the error analysis is proven.Finally,the effectiveness of the approach is verified by two numerical examples.展开更多
Objective of our paper is to present the Haar wavelet based solutions of boundary value problems by Haar collocation method and utilizing Quasilinearization technique to resolve quadratic nonlinearity in y. More accur...Objective of our paper is to present the Haar wavelet based solutions of boundary value problems by Haar collocation method and utilizing Quasilinearization technique to resolve quadratic nonlinearity in y. More accurate solutions are obtained by wavelet decomposition in the form of a multiresolution analysis of the function which represents solution of boundary value problems. Through this analysis, solutions are found on the coarse grid points and refined towards higher accuracy by increasing the level of the Haar wavelets. A distinctive feature of the proposed method is its simplicity and applicability for a variety of boundary conditions. Numerical tests are performed to check the applicability and efficiency. C++ program is developed to find the wavelet solution.展开更多
The performance of OFDM systems may be degraded when intersymbol interference （ISI） channels have spectral nulls. Recently, the precoded OFDM was proposed to combat this problem. However, due to inserting （M- K） z...The performance of OFDM systems may be degraded when intersymbol interference （ISI） channels have spectral nulls. Recently, the precoded OFDM was proposed to combat this problem. However, due to inserting （M- K） zeros between each two sets of K consecutive information symbols, the average transmitting power of the precoded OFDM system reduces by 10log10（M/K） dB compared with the conventional OFDM system. Under the same points inverse fast Fourier transformation （IFFF）, the precoded OFDM system has a higher peak-to-average power ratio （PAPR） compared with the conventional OFDM system. This paper proposes a novel precoded BPSK-OFDM system based on Haar wavelet transformation. The Haar wavelet transformation operating decomposition over the vector information symbols produced by a precoder shows that half of the information symbols are zeros and the rest are either √2- or √2. Then, we have the peak power and PAPR reduced by 10log1002=3dB at most compared with the precoded OFDM system. Finally, we compare PAPR of the proposed OFDM system with the precoded OFDM and the conventional OFDM system.展开更多
In this paper,Haar collocation algorithmis developed for the solution of first-order ofHIV infection CD4^(+)T-Cells model.In this technique,the derivative in the nonlinear model is approximated by utilizing Haar funct...In this paper,Haar collocation algorithmis developed for the solution of first-order ofHIV infection CD4^(+)T-Cells model.In this technique,the derivative in the nonlinear model is approximated by utilizing Haar functions.The value of the unknown function is obtained by the process of integration.Error estimation is also discussed,which aims to reduce the error of numerical solutions.The numerical results show that the method is simply applicable.The results are compared with Runge-Kutta technique,Bessel collocation technique,LADM-Pade and Galerkin technique available in the literature.The results show that the Haar technique is easy,precise and effective.展开更多
This document presents a framework for recognizing people by palm vein distribution analysis using cross-correlation based signatures to obtain descriptors. Haar wavelets are useful in reducing the number of features ...This document presents a framework for recognizing people by palm vein distribution analysis using cross-correlation based signatures to obtain descriptors. Haar wavelets are useful in reducing the number of features while maintaining high recognition rates. This experiment achieved 97.5% of individuals classified correctly with two levels of Haar wavelets. This study used twelve-version of RGB and NIR (near infrared) wavelength images per individual. One hundred people were studied;therefore 4,800 instances compose the complete database. A Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) was trained to improve the recognition rate in a k-fold cross-validation test with k = 10. Classification results using MLP neural network were obtained using Weka (open source machine learning software).展开更多
文摘This article deals with picture excellence examination by different parameters utilizing uni-level Haar wavelet transmission in excess of remote channel. The quality is analyzed based on power. The goal is towards reducing absolute power assigned in favour of picture compression and communication, while power in favour of every bit is reserved at prearranged value. Two Power Algorithms were presented. The greatest iterative power control calculation and Minimum Power Adaptation Algorithm (MPAA) are proposed. Those algorithms methodology was utilized for improving the aggregate power dispensed for multimedia such as picture because of input compression and transmission focus towards a settled bit source mutilation. Simulations were performed utilizing Haar wavelet than Additive White Gaussian Ration (AWGN) channel. Different picture excellence parameters, for example, Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR), M-Normalized Cross-Correla- tion, Average Difference;Structural Content parameters, for example, Maximum Difference, Normalized Absolute Error, Elapsed Time, CPU time, demonstrate a improved presentation with MPAA, Maximum Power Adaptation Algorithms (MAPAA) instead of Conventional Power Adaptation Algorithm (CPAA).
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 60972061,60972062,and 61032004)the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China ("863" Program) (No. 2008AA12A204)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No. BK2009060)
文摘As the raised cosine shaping filter is often employed in practical satellite communication system,the envelope fluctuation at the symbol transition point is decreased which leads to the failure of the common wavelet algorithm under low SNR.Accordingly,a method of blind symbol rate estimation using signal preprocessing and Haar wavelet is proposed in this paper.Firstly,the effect of filter shaping can be reduced by the signal preprocessing.Then,the optimal scale factor is searched and the signal is processed and analyzed by the Haar wavelet transform.Finally,the symbol rate line is extracted and a nonlinear filter method is inducted for improving the estimation performance.Theoretical analysis and computer simulation show the efficiency of the proposed algorithm under low SNR and small roll-off factor.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Sciences Foundation of China(No.10432030).
文摘A three-dimensional analysis of a simply-supported functionally graded rectangular plate with an arbitrary distribution of material properties is made using a simple and effective method based on the Haar wavelet. With good features in treating singularities, Haar series solution converges rapidly for arbitrary distributions, especially for the case where the material properties change rapidly in some regions. Through numerical examples the influences of the ratio of material constants on the top and bottom surfaces and different material gradient distributions on the structural response of the plate to mechanical stimuli are studied.
文摘The parameter identification of a nonlinear Hammerstein-type process is likely to be complex and challenging due to the existence of significant nonlinearity at the input side. In this paper, a new parameter identification strategy for a block-oriented Hammerstein process is proposed using the Haar wavelet operational matrix(HWOM). To determine all the parameters in the Hammerstein model, a special input excitation is utilized to separate the identification problem of the linear subsystem from the complete nonlinear process. During the first test period, a simple step response data is utilized to estimate the linear subsystem dynamics. Then, the overall system response to sinusoidal input is used to estimate nonlinearity in the process. A single-pole fractional order transfer function with time delay is used to model the linear subsystem. In order to reduce the mathematical complexity resulting from the fractional derivatives of signals, a HWOM based algebraic approach is developed. The proposed method is proven to be simple and robust in the presence of measurement noises. The numerical study illustrates the efficiency of the proposed modeling technique through four different nonlinear processes and results are compared with existing methods.
文摘The objective of this paper is to solve the timefractional Schr¨odinger and coupled Schr¨odinger differential equations(TFSE) with appropriate initial conditions by using the Haar wavelet approximation. For the most part, this endeavor is made to enlarge the pertinence of the Haar wavelet method to solve a coupled system of time-fractional partial differential equations. As a general rule, piecewise constant approximation of a function at different resolutions is presentational characteristic of Haar wavelet method through which it converts the differential equation into the Sylvester equation that can be further simplified easily. Study of the TFSE is theoretical and experimental research and it also helps in the development of automation science,physics, and engineering as well. Illustratively, several test problems are discussed to draw an effective conclusion, supported by the graphical and tabulated results of included examples, to reveal the proficiency and adaptability of the method.
基金supported by the Postdoctoral Science Foundation of China (20080441050)
文摘A phase-domain blind estimator of symbol duration based on Haar wavelet transform（HWT） is proposed.It can estimate the symbol duration of phase modulated signals,such as M-ary phase-shift keying（MPSK） signals and polyphase coded signals.The closed form of the spectrum of HWT is derived.Theoretical analysis shows the frequency of the first spectral peak is equal to the symbol rate,which is the reciprocal of symbol duration.Thus the symbol duration can be extracted from the spectrum.Subsequently,the optimum wavelet scale is determined according to the maximum output signal to noise ratio（OSNR） criterion.MAT-LAB simulations show that this algorithm can blindly estimate the symbol duration without any prior knowledge.This estimator need not estimate the carrier frequency and has the characteristics of low computation complexity and high accuracy.
基金Supported by the NSF of Hubei Province(2022CFD042)。
文摘This paper proposes a method combining blue the Haar wavelet and the least square to solve the multi-dimensional stochastic Ito-Volterra integral equation.This approach is to transform stochastic integral equations into a system of algebraic equations.Meanwhile,the error analysis is proven.Finally,the effectiveness of the approach is verified by two numerical examples.
文摘Objective of our paper is to present the Haar wavelet based solutions of boundary value problems by Haar collocation method and utilizing Quasilinearization technique to resolve quadratic nonlinearity in y. More accurate solutions are obtained by wavelet decomposition in the form of a multiresolution analysis of the function which represents solution of boundary value problems. Through this analysis, solutions are found on the coarse grid points and refined towards higher accuracy by increasing the level of the Haar wavelets. A distinctive feature of the proposed method is its simplicity and applicability for a variety of boundary conditions. Numerical tests are performed to check the applicability and efficiency. C++ program is developed to find the wavelet solution.
文摘The performance of OFDM systems may be degraded when intersymbol interference （ISI） channels have spectral nulls. Recently, the precoded OFDM was proposed to combat this problem. However, due to inserting （M- K） zeros between each two sets of K consecutive information symbols, the average transmitting power of the precoded OFDM system reduces by 10log10（M/K） dB compared with the conventional OFDM system. Under the same points inverse fast Fourier transformation （IFFF）, the precoded OFDM system has a higher peak-to-average power ratio （PAPR） compared with the conventional OFDM system. This paper proposes a novel precoded BPSK-OFDM system based on Haar wavelet transformation. The Haar wavelet transformation operating decomposition over the vector information symbols produced by a precoder shows that half of the information symbols are zeros and the rest are either √2- or √2. Then, we have the peak power and PAPR reduced by 10log1002=3dB at most compared with the precoded OFDM system. Finally, we compare PAPR of the proposed OFDM system with the precoded OFDM and the conventional OFDM system.
文摘In this paper,Haar collocation algorithmis developed for the solution of first-order ofHIV infection CD4^(+)T-Cells model.In this technique,the derivative in the nonlinear model is approximated by utilizing Haar functions.The value of the unknown function is obtained by the process of integration.Error estimation is also discussed,which aims to reduce the error of numerical solutions.The numerical results show that the method is simply applicable.The results are compared with Runge-Kutta technique,Bessel collocation technique,LADM-Pade and Galerkin technique available in the literature.The results show that the Haar technique is easy,precise and effective.
文摘This document presents a framework for recognizing people by palm vein distribution analysis using cross-correlation based signatures to obtain descriptors. Haar wavelets are useful in reducing the number of features while maintaining high recognition rates. This experiment achieved 97.5% of individuals classified correctly with two levels of Haar wavelets. This study used twelve-version of RGB and NIR (near infrared) wavelength images per individual. One hundred people were studied;therefore 4,800 instances compose the complete database. A Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) was trained to improve the recognition rate in a k-fold cross-validation test with k = 10. Classification results using MLP neural network were obtained using Weka (open source machine learning software).
