APPLICATION OF MINIMUM PROJECTION UNIFORMITY CRITERION IN COMPLEMENTARY DESIGNS

In this article, we consider the characterization problem in design theory. The objective is to characterize minimum projection uniformity for two-level designs in terms of their complementary designs. Here, the complementary design means a design in which all the Hamming distances of any two runs are the same, which generalizes the concept of a pair of complementary designs in the literature. Based on relationships of the uniformity pattern between a pair of complementary designs, we propose a minimum projection uniformity （MPU） rule to assess and compare two-level factorials.

Spatio-temporal dynamics of phytohormones in the tomato graft healing process

Graft healing involves a series of cytological and molecular events including wound responses, callus formation and vascular bundle remodelling. Hormones are important signalling molecules regulating plant development and responses to environmental stimuli. However,the detailed dynamics of phytohormones in graft healing remain elusive. In this research, internodes above and below the graft site were harvested from 0 to 168 h after grafting(HAG), and liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry(LC-MS/MS) was used to determinate jasmonic acid, auxin, cytokinin, ethylene, salicylic acid, abscisic acid and gibberellin levels during the graft healing process. Uniform manifold approximation and projection(UMAP) and k-means analyses were performed to explore hormone spatio-temporal dynamics. We found the stage-specific and asymmetric accumulation of phytohormones in the tomato graft healing process. At the early healing stage(before vascular bundle reconnection), IAA, cZ, ABA, JA and SA mainly accumulated above the graft site, while tZ and ACC mainly accumulated below the graft site. MEIAA, ICAld and IP mainly accumulated at the later stage. Comminated with the healing process, we suggested that JA is mainly involved in wound responses, IAA is beneficial to the formation of callus and vascular cell development, tZ promotes cell division, and IP is linked to vascular bundle remodelling. In addition, expression of JA-related genes SlMYC2 and SlJAZ2, IAA-related gene SlIAA1, tZ-related genes SlHP2 and SlRR8, and IP-related gene SlRR9 correlated with hormone accumulation. The findings provide important information about the hormones and genes involved in the tomato graft healing process.

DESIGN EFFICIENCY FOR MINIMUM PROJECTION UNIFORMITY DESIGNS WITH TWO LEVELS

The objective of this paper is to study the issue of design efficiency for minimum projection uniformity designs. The results show that for orthogonal arrays with strength two, the minimum projection uniformity criterion is a good surrogate for the design efficiency criterion proposed by Cheng, Deng and Tang （2002）.

Application of minimum projection uniformity criterion in complementary designs for q-level factorials

We study the complementary design problem, which is to express the uniformity pattern of a q-level design in terms of that of its complementary design. Here, a pair of complementary designs form a design in which all the Hamming distances of any two distinct runs are the same, and the uniformity pattern proposed by H. Qin, Z. Wang, and K. Chatterjee [J. Statist. Plann. Inference, 2012, 142： 1170-11771 comes from discrete discrepancy for q-level designs. Based on relationships of the uniformity pattern between a pair of complementary designs, we propose a minimum projection uniformity rule to assess and compare q-level factorials.

Actor-Critic Reinforcement Learning and Application in Developing Computer-Vision-Based Interface Tracking

This paper synchronizes control theory with computer vision by formalizing object tracking as a sequential decision-making process.A reinforcement learning(RL)agent successfully tracks an interface between two liquids,which is often a critical variable to track in many chemical,petrochemical,metallurgical,and oil industries.This method utilizes less than 100 images for creating an environment,from which the agent generates its own data without the need for expert knowledge.Unlike supervised learning(SL)methods that rely on a huge number of parameters,this approach requires far fewer parameters,which naturally reduces its maintenance cost.Besides its frugal nature,the agent is robust to environmental uncertainties such as occlusion,intensity changes,and excessive noise.From a closed-loop control context,an interface location-based deviation is chosen as the optimization goal during training.The methodology showcases RL for real-time object-tracking applications in the oil sands industry.Along with a presentation of the interface tracking problem,this paper provides a detailed review of one of the most effective RL methodologies:actor–critic policy.

Uniformity Pattern of Asymmetric Fractional Factorials

The objective of this paper is to discuss the issue of the projection uniformity of asymmetric fractional factorials.On the basis of Lee discrepancy,the authors define the projection Lee discrepancy to measure the uniformity for low-dimensional projection designs.Moreover,the concepts of uniformity pattern and minimum projection uniformity criterion are proposed,which can be used to assess and compare two and three mixed levels factorials.Statistical justification of uniformity pattern is also investigated.

Geometric matrix research for nuclear waste drum tomographic gamma scanning transmission image reconstruction

A geometric matrix model of nuclear waste drums is proposed for transmission image reconstruction from tomographic gamma scans（TGS）. The model assumes that rays are conical, with intensity uniformly distributed within the cone. The attenuation coefficients are centered on the voxel（cube） of the geometric center. The proposed model is verified using the EM algorithm and compared to previously reported models. The calculated results show that the model can obtain good reconstruction results even when the sample models are highly heterogeneous.