Exploration and Practice of Student Engineering Competency Training in University-Industry Collaboration Model

Engineering competency is a basic and important quality of being an engineer,but it is one of the weak points in today’s higher engineering education.Taking industrial development needs as the goal of personnel training and focusing on the cultivation of engineering competency,the authors design an integrated practical teaching system,which is based on the requirements for engineering and technical professionals and the characteristics of Qingdao University of Science and Technology(QUST).The system adopts a“project driven”teaching method and a“swimming poolTM”training mode and establishes a teaching,administration,feedback and evaluation platform consistent with the implementation of this practical teaching mode,so as to ensure the quality of engineering and technical professionals training in an in-depth university-industry collaboration mode.

The Two Cultures of Science: Implications for University-Industry Relationships in the U.S. Agriculture Biotechnology

Partnerships between U.S. universities and industries have existed for several decades and in recent years have become generally more varied, wider in scope, more aggressive and experimental and higher in public visibility. In addition, in the last few decades, public and private interests have advocated for government policies and laws to globally promote the commercialization of university science. This paper examines the persistence or convergence of the two cultures of science and the implications of this commercialization for university-industry relationships in agriculture biotechnology. The perceptions and values of over 200 U.S. university and industry scientists, managers and administrators who participate in or oversee research collaborations in agricultural biotechnology were analyzed. The findings revealed that the participants in these research relationships continue to perceive very distinct cultures of science and identify a wide range of concerns and disadvantages of these partnerships. Several actions were discussed to ensure that the two cultures serve complementary roles and that they maximize the public benefits from these increasing collaborations.

Factors Contributing to the Effectiveness of a University-Industry Partnership

The university-industry engagement serves as a cooperation that gives benefit to both parties. The universities and the industries are dependent on each other as the university＇s role is to produce human capitals to work at the industries, and the industries on the other hand need human capitals to run their business. However, this kind of dependency could raise issues that cause difficulties for both parties if the relationship is not checked and balanced from time to time. The universities should be aware of the industries＇ changing needs as time changes. Hence the programmes that they offer to their students should take into consideration the industries＇ needs. This research was to identify the current practices of the university-industry engagement, to appraise the factors contributing to the effectiveness of the university-industry engagement involving UMP （Universiti Malaysia Pahang） and the identified industries, to map the prospects and challenges that UMP faces in the university-industry engagement and to propose the best approaches that the university could engage to provide high class human capitals to work at the industries. This research employed a survey in the form of interviews and expert group discussions. The results show that there is still a mismatch in the university-industry engagement. The representatives from the industries felt that they should be actively involved in the university＇s activities, especially in teaching, learning and industrial training for students. They had given a few suggestions to be forwarded to the university

A Case Study on the Mechanism of University-Industry Collaboration to Improve Enterprise Technological Capabilities from the Perspective of Capability Structure

Weak applied generic technological capability is the root cause for the hollowing-out of core technologies of industries in China,and the fundamental cause for the poor independent innovation and absorptive capabilities of the enterprise.This paper systematically analyzes the important role of university-industry collaboration in improving the corporate generic technologies based on the structureconduct-performance(SCP)framework from the perspective of capability structure.Through theoretical derivation and analysis of the case of Kingfa,it proposes that the technological capability structure of enterprises has experienced an evolutionary process from"proprietary technology"to"proprietary technology and applied generic technology"and finally to"applied generic technology and basic generic technology"and that university-industry collaboration model correspondingly presents a change process from"auxiliary"to"complementary and auxiliary"and to"complementary",which positively affects the innovation output and the performance in the innovation process,showing a spiral escalation trajectory as a whole.Finally,it puts forward three policy optimization directions to help improve the enterprise generic technological capabilities:(1)further enhancing the corporate innovation capacity building and recognition of the position of entities,and establishing a multi-level university-industry collaboration system;(2)actively exploring new systems and mechanisms for the construction of highend cutting-edge R&D institutions jointly participated by enterprises and universities;(3)promoting the comprehensive reform of the science and technology management system from aspects of market,finance and entrepreneurial environment.

A CoPs Approach to Knowledge Governance： A University-Industry Case Study in China

This research explores knowledge sharing behaviors, aiming at developing good knowledge governance （KG） mechanisms and promoting university-industry ring phenomenon in China. Empirical evidence concerning the operation of KG, collected through interviews and relevant documentary materials, is analyzed through the lens of communities of practices （CoPs） approach to situated learning. Our case study lends support to the conceptualizing process of KG, in which task design, quality control, innovative capitalists, and relational intellectual property serve as KG mechanisms for promoting university-industry collaboration. In addition, our analysis highlights the significance of associates＇ roles in KG for facilitating knowledge sharing behaviors. This research provides empirical evidence for understanding KG in university-industry collaboration.

Analysis of Collaborations Between Small-Medium Companies and Universities Based on Joint Research Projects

University-industry collaborations have been recognized as an important factor for the creation of innovation. Although the university-industry collaborations have been mainly conducted by large companies in Japan so far, the small-medium companies rather than large companies are accumulated in regional areas. However, there are a lot of problems in the university-industry collaborations of the small-medium companies. In this paper, the collaborations between small-medium companies and universities are analyzed based on joint research projects. The results show that the joint research projects of small-medium companies for collaboration partners are not conducted enough. Moreover, the results also show that the average budget per project of small-medium companies is low according to the detailed data of Niigata University. The active area of company and university in research and development is discussed. The stage map that proceeds to commercialization for the collaborations between small-medium companies and universities is made and discussed. Based on these results, the problems of the university-industry collaborations of small-medium companies for collaboration partners are extracted.

The Frontiers in Manufacturing Technologies Initiative and University Innovation

Basic innovation,with universities as a key driver,is essential for advancing core technologies in the manufacturing industry.This study used a manufacturing technologies initiative as a natural experiment,combining funding and its outcomes data from the National Natural Science Foundation of China to construct a difference-in-differences model.It found that the Frontiers in Manufacturing Technologies Initiative had a positive effect on university innovation,particularly by increasing the number of university patents.Mechanism analysis showed that the policy mainly encouraged university innovation through university-industry collaboration.The effect was more salient in universities with stronger basic research capabilities and those whose research fields matched strategic emerging industries covered by the initiative.This study underscores the crucial role of the Frontiers in Manufacturing Technologies Initiative in enhancing university-led innovation.It highlights the effectiveness of industry-academia partnerships in advancing technology,particularly in emerging strategic industries.

MULTI-CRITERIA UNIVERSITY SELECTION:FORMULATION AND IMPLEMENTATION USING A FUZZY AHP

Collaboration with universities as ＇knowledge factories＇ is increasingly perceived to be an effective and viable solution for firms to gain competitive advantage. One of the main challenges firms face in this area is how to select the best university for collaboration. This selection undoubtedly affects some other strategic activities of firms, such as managing and governing the relationship with the selected university and, most importantly, firm performance. As such, the selection becomes an important strategic decision that deserves a great deal of attention. Thus far, no systematic attempt has been made to investigate this significant area of research. The main purpose of this study is to formulate a decision-making model for university selection. Reviewing existing literature of university-industry relationship yields a list of relevant criteria for this problem. The problem is then formulated as a multi-criteria decision-making （MCDM） model, and a fuzzy AHP is used to provide the solution. To illustrate the model, three Dutch universities are ranked based on the importance of the selected criteria.