Three-dimensional critical slip surface locating and slope stability assessment for lava lobe of Unzen volcano

Even Unzen volcano has been declared to be in a state of relative dormancy,the latest formed lava lobe No.11 now represents a potential slope failure mass based on the latest research.This paper concentrates on the stability of the lava lobe No.11 and its possible critical sliding mass.It proposes geographic information systems (GIS) based three-dimensional (3D) slope stability analysis models.It uses a 3D locating approach to identify the 3D critical slip surface and to analyze the 3D stability of the lava lobe No.11.At the same time,the new 3D approach shows the effectiveness in selecting the range of the Monte Carlo random variables and locating the critical slip surface in different parts of the lava lobe No.11.The results are very valuable for judging the stability of the lava lobe and assigning the monitoring equipments.

实验模拟侧向遮挡对低密度火山碎屑流的影响——对日本云仙岳火山1991年火山碎屑流的启示

本文将颗粒驱动重力流实验流体与自然界低密度火山碎屑流进行标度化研究,探讨低密度火山碎屑流的流动行为。通过在矩形流体交换水箱中放置占水箱宽度1/4、1/2、3/4比例的侧向遮挡障碍物,调查了颗粒驱动重力流实验流体在遇到侧向遮挡前后的运动模式、流体前锋速度减速特征和颗粒堆积分布特征。实验结果显示出不同比例的部分遮挡对低密度火山碎屑流影响的复杂性。实验表明,1/4比例的部分遮挡能够提高低密度火山碎屑流在通过之后的流速,并增加通过遮挡的颗粒堆积总量,能够解释日本云仙岳火山1991年6月3日喷发形成的碎屑流流动特征。在侧向遮挡比例为1/2时,~100T的时间内流体前锋减速,并在~100T之后加速(T为无量纲时间);通过遮挡的堆积物总量明显减少。通过3/4比例的侧向遮挡之后,颗粒实验流体前锋持续减速,颗粒堆积总量减少。