A two-phase anaerobic reactor fed with glucose substrate（3 g chemical oxygen demand（COD）/L） was used to investigate the effects of toxic metals on the degradation of organics and the soluble microbial product（SMP...A two-phase anaerobic reactor fed with glucose substrate（3 g chemical oxygen demand（COD）/L） was used to investigate the effects of toxic metals on the degradation of organics and the soluble microbial product（SMP） formation. Low concentrations of Ni（II）（5 and10 mg/L） promoted the acid phase, whereas high concentrations（15, 20, and 25 mg/L）exhibited an inhibitory effect on, but did not alter the fermentative method, which mainly involved the fermentation of propionic acid. The methanogenic microorganism exhibited a strong capability adapting constantly increased Ni（II） levels. The acid phase was an accumulation stage of SMP. In the absence of Ni（II）, the high-molecular-weight material in the effluent SMP mainly contained polysaccharide, tryptophan, and casein. Methanogens metabolized most of the polysaccharide, the whole tryptophan content, and part of the casein, leading to the presence of humic acid and protein in effluent. After Ni（II） dosage, the protein and polysaccharide of the acid phase increased, and tryptophan changed, while casein remained stable. More protein than polysaccharide was produced, suggesting the prominent function of protein when addressing the negative effect of toxic metals. The analysis of DNA confirmed the change of bacterial activity.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 51178215 and 51378251)the Jiangsu Nature Science Fund (No. BK2011032)+2 种基金Open Science Foundation of Jiangsu (No. 50808121)the National Science and Technology Major Project for Water Pollution Control and Treatment (No. 2012ZX07301-005)the 2012 Scientific Research Open Found of Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering
文摘A two-phase anaerobic reactor fed with glucose substrate（3 g chemical oxygen demand（COD）/L） was used to investigate the effects of toxic metals on the degradation of organics and the soluble microbial product（SMP） formation. Low concentrations of Ni（II）（5 and10 mg/L） promoted the acid phase, whereas high concentrations（15, 20, and 25 mg/L）exhibited an inhibitory effect on, but did not alter the fermentative method, which mainly involved the fermentation of propionic acid. The methanogenic microorganism exhibited a strong capability adapting constantly increased Ni（II） levels. The acid phase was an accumulation stage of SMP. In the absence of Ni（II）, the high-molecular-weight material in the effluent SMP mainly contained polysaccharide, tryptophan, and casein. Methanogens metabolized most of the polysaccharide, the whole tryptophan content, and part of the casein, leading to the presence of humic acid and protein in effluent. After Ni（II） dosage, the protein and polysaccharide of the acid phase increased, and tryptophan changed, while casein remained stable. More protein than polysaccharide was produced, suggesting the prominent function of protein when addressing the negative effect of toxic metals. The analysis of DNA confirmed the change of bacterial activity.
文摘为了探究适合农作物秸秆进行厌氧消化产沼气的反应装置,选用单相反应装置连续搅拌反应釜(continuously stirred tank reactor,CSTR)和两相反应装置渗滤床(leach bed)上流式厌氧污泥床(upflow anaerobic sludge blanket,UASB)作为玉米秸秆厌氧消化的反应器,比较了玉米秸秆在这2种反应装置中的厌氧消化产气特性。研究结果显示,在水力停留时间为30 d、半连续的进料方式下,CSTR反应装置中有机负荷率(以原料VS计)为3.0 g·(L·d)-1时的VS甲烷产量为223 m L·g-1,而在相同的水力停留时间、批式进料方式下,L-UASB反应装置的VS甲烷产量为169 m L·g-1,前者原料中挥发性有机固体含量减少了53.7%,后者减少了43.5%,因此研究结果表明农作物秸秆的厌氧消化产气特性受反应装置影响较大。
