This article provides a review of the causes of respiratory tract infection after abdominal surgery. These causes include general anesthesia, intubation factors, factors inherent to the patient, surgical factors, the ...This article provides a review of the causes of respiratory tract infection after abdominal surgery. These causes include general anesthesia, intubation factors, factors inherent to the patient, surgical factors, the injudicious use of antimicrobial agents, and the environmental factors of the ward. The perioperative management of the respiratory tract should be strengthened. Health education, respiratory function training, oral nursing intervention,atomization inhalation, and personalized expectoration methods should receive more attention to decrease the complications and promote the early rehabilitation of patients after abdominal surgery.展开更多
Objectives: Endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm repair (EVAR) is a common procedure for abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), based on minimal invasiveness compared with open surgical repair (OSR). However, general anes...Objectives: Endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm repair (EVAR) is a common procedure for abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), based on minimal invasiveness compared with open surgical repair (OSR). However, general anesthesia can cause considerable perturbations in patients with AAA undergoing operative repair. The aim of this study was to compare the incidence of myocardial ischemic events in association with hemodynamic changes during EVAR and OSR under general anesthesia. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the anesthetic and medical records of patients who underwent elective abdominal aortic aneurysm repair. ST segment changes on electrocardiography and hemodynamic changes were reviewed by the attending physicians. Results: Among 120 patients, EVAR and OSR were performed in 81 and 39 patients, respectively. There were no significant differences in preoperative morbidity between the two groups. The amount of estimated blood loss was significantly lower in EVAR than OSR. The incidence of ST?segment changes in the two groups (EVAR: 16%, OSR: 23%) was not statistically different. ST segment changes occurred mainly postoperatively at resolution of anesthesia in EVAR, compared with intraoperatively in OSR. ST segment changes were mostly accompanied by tachycardia in EVAR patients, whereas they were associated with hypotension in OSR. Conclusion: Our results demonstrated a comparable incidence of perioperative ST segment changes under general anesthesia in EVAR and OSR. Patients who undergo EVAR and develop tachycardia are at risk of myocardial ischemia at resolution of anesthesia.展开更多
目的与静吸复合全麻相比,观察硬膜外复合全麻对上腹部手术后患者应用自控硬膜外镇痛(PCEA)质量的影响。方法37例择期行胃癌根治术的患者,美国麻醉医师协会(ASA)分级Ⅰ～Ⅱ级,年龄≤70岁,随机分为全麻组(G组,18例)和硬膜外复合浅全麻组(E...目的与静吸复合全麻相比,观察硬膜外复合全麻对上腹部手术后患者应用自控硬膜外镇痛(PCEA)质量的影响。方法37例择期行胃癌根治术的患者,美国麻醉医师协会(ASA)分级Ⅰ～Ⅱ级,年龄≤70岁,随机分为全麻组(G组,18例)和硬膜外复合浅全麻组(EG组,19例)。两组均在术毕保留硬膜外导管行患者PCEA。于术后6、12、24及48 h记录安静时视觉模拟(VAS)评分及硬膜外镇痛药在术后2 d的用量。结果两组患者的年龄、性别、体重和手术时间的差异无统计学意义(P值均>0．05),G组术中芬太尼用量为(0．41±0．08)mg,明显多于EG组的(0．24±0．03)mg(P<0．05);EG组术后12和24 h VAS评分分别为3．4±2．5和3．1±2．1,明显低于G组的4．5±1．5和4．2±1．0(P值均<0．05);且术后1、2 d EG组镇痛药用量为(55．2±12．9)和(39．9±4．2)mL,明显少于G组的(67．5±9．0)和(52．4±8．0)mL(P值均<0．05)。结论与单纯静吸复合全麻相比,硬膜外复合浅全麻可以显著提高手术后24 h的PCEA的镇痛质量,并减少手术后2 d的镇痛药用量。展开更多
目的探讨不同麻醉方案对择期行上腹部手术患者术后肺部感染的影响.方法选取择期行上腹部开放手术的患者90例,随机分为静脉麻醉组、吸入麻醉组、硬膜外阻滞复合全麻组,每组各30例.观察3组患者术后肺部感染情况、苏醒时间和拔管时间;荧光...目的探讨不同麻醉方案对择期行上腹部手术患者术后肺部感染的影响.方法选取择期行上腹部开放手术的患者90例,随机分为静脉麻醉组、吸入麻醉组、硬膜外阻滞复合全麻组,每组各30例.观察3组患者术后肺部感染情况、苏醒时间和拔管时间;荧光免疫流式细胞术检测麻醉前和术后6,24,72 h的T淋巴细胞亚群数量,计算CD4^+/CD8^+比值.结果硬膜外阻滞复合全麻组麻醉苏醒时间和拔管时间明显短于静脉麻醉组和吸入麻醉组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05).硬膜外阻滞复合全麻组术后感染率明显低于静脉麻醉组和吸入麻醉组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05).麻醉前3组患者中性粒细胞计数、T淋巴细胞亚群、Th1/Th2之间差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05).术后6,24,72 h 3组患者CD4^+、CD4^+/CD8^+、Th1/Th2较麻醉前均明显降低,中性粒细胞计数较麻醉前明显升高,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);硬膜外阻滞复合全麻组患者CD4^+,CD4^+/CD8^+,Th1/Th2术后72 h内下降幅度明显小于静脉麻醉组和吸入麻醉组,中性粒细胞计数上升幅度明显小于静脉麻醉组和吸入麻醉组,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论硬膜外阻滞复合全麻免疫抑制程度较低,有利于上腹部手术患者术后早期拔管,进而降低肺部感染风险.展开更多
文摘This article provides a review of the causes of respiratory tract infection after abdominal surgery. These causes include general anesthesia, intubation factors, factors inherent to the patient, surgical factors, the injudicious use of antimicrobial agents, and the environmental factors of the ward. The perioperative management of the respiratory tract should be strengthened. Health education, respiratory function training, oral nursing intervention,atomization inhalation, and personalized expectoration methods should receive more attention to decrease the complications and promote the early rehabilitation of patients after abdominal surgery.
文摘Objectives: Endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm repair (EVAR) is a common procedure for abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), based on minimal invasiveness compared with open surgical repair (OSR). However, general anesthesia can cause considerable perturbations in patients with AAA undergoing operative repair. The aim of this study was to compare the incidence of myocardial ischemic events in association with hemodynamic changes during EVAR and OSR under general anesthesia. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the anesthetic and medical records of patients who underwent elective abdominal aortic aneurysm repair. ST segment changes on electrocardiography and hemodynamic changes were reviewed by the attending physicians. Results: Among 120 patients, EVAR and OSR were performed in 81 and 39 patients, respectively. There were no significant differences in preoperative morbidity between the two groups. The amount of estimated blood loss was significantly lower in EVAR than OSR. The incidence of ST?segment changes in the two groups (EVAR: 16%, OSR: 23%) was not statistically different. ST segment changes occurred mainly postoperatively at resolution of anesthesia in EVAR, compared with intraoperatively in OSR. ST segment changes were mostly accompanied by tachycardia in EVAR patients, whereas they were associated with hypotension in OSR. Conclusion: Our results demonstrated a comparable incidence of perioperative ST segment changes under general anesthesia in EVAR and OSR. Patients who undergo EVAR and develop tachycardia are at risk of myocardial ischemia at resolution of anesthesia.
文摘目的与静吸复合全麻相比,观察硬膜外复合全麻对上腹部手术后患者应用自控硬膜外镇痛(PCEA)质量的影响。方法37例择期行胃癌根治术的患者,美国麻醉医师协会(ASA)分级Ⅰ～Ⅱ级,年龄≤70岁,随机分为全麻组(G组,18例)和硬膜外复合浅全麻组(EG组,19例)。两组均在术毕保留硬膜外导管行患者PCEA。于术后6、12、24及48 h记录安静时视觉模拟(VAS)评分及硬膜外镇痛药在术后2 d的用量。结果两组患者的年龄、性别、体重和手术时间的差异无统计学意义(P值均>0．05),G组术中芬太尼用量为(0．41±0．08)mg,明显多于EG组的(0．24±0．03)mg(P<0．05);EG组术后12和24 h VAS评分分别为3．4±2．5和3．1±2．1,明显低于G组的4．5±1．5和4．2±1．0(P值均<0．05);且术后1、2 d EG组镇痛药用量为(55．2±12．9)和(39．9±4．2)mL,明显少于G组的(67．5±9．0)和(52．4±8．0)mL(P值均<0．05)。结论与单纯静吸复合全麻相比,硬膜外复合浅全麻可以显著提高手术后24 h的PCEA的镇痛质量,并减少手术后2 d的镇痛药用量。
文摘目的探讨不同麻醉方案对择期行上腹部手术患者术后肺部感染的影响.方法选取择期行上腹部开放手术的患者90例,随机分为静脉麻醉组、吸入麻醉组、硬膜外阻滞复合全麻组,每组各30例.观察3组患者术后肺部感染情况、苏醒时间和拔管时间;荧光免疫流式细胞术检测麻醉前和术后6,24,72 h的T淋巴细胞亚群数量,计算CD4^+/CD8^+比值.结果硬膜外阻滞复合全麻组麻醉苏醒时间和拔管时间明显短于静脉麻醉组和吸入麻醉组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05).硬膜外阻滞复合全麻组术后感染率明显低于静脉麻醉组和吸入麻醉组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05).麻醉前3组患者中性粒细胞计数、T淋巴细胞亚群、Th1/Th2之间差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05).术后6,24,72 h 3组患者CD4^+、CD4^+/CD8^+、Th1/Th2较麻醉前均明显降低,中性粒细胞计数较麻醉前明显升高,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);硬膜外阻滞复合全麻组患者CD4^+,CD4^+/CD8^+,Th1/Th2术后72 h内下降幅度明显小于静脉麻醉组和吸入麻醉组,中性粒细胞计数上升幅度明显小于静脉麻醉组和吸入麻醉组,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论硬膜外阻滞复合全麻免疫抑制程度较低,有利于上腹部手术患者术后早期拔管,进而降低肺部感染风险.
