High molecular weight glutenin subunit （HMW-GS） plays an important role in determining dough property and breadmaking quality, and the exploration of novel genes for HMW-GS will be crucial for quality improvement pr...High molecular weight glutenin subunit （HMW-GS） plays an important role in determining dough property and breadmaking quality, and the exploration of novel genes for HMW-GS will be crucial for quality improvement program. A gene coding the y type HMW-GS at Glu-A1 locus in Triticum urartu （AA, 2n=2×= 14） with an electrophoretic mobility similar to that of 1Dyl2, was cloned, sequenced, and heterologously expressed. This novel active lay gene FJ404595 was confirmed by structure analyses of nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences combining with phylogenetic analysis. The open reading frame （ORF） of this gene was 1 830 bp, encoded a protein of 608 amino acid residues containing 46 hexapeptides and 14 nonapeptides, which was mostly similar to the lAy gene AM183223 at a high identity of 99.62% with the two substitutions of both leucine/proline and valine/glutamate, obviously different from the lAy gene EU984504 with 587 residues containing 44 hexapeptides and 13 nonapeptides in T. urartu. The amino acid （leucine） at 446 differed from that （proline） of all the eight compared active lAy subunits. The predicted secondary protein structure implied that this lAy subunit might also have positive impact on flour processing quality.展开更多
Triticum urartu is the progenitor of the A subgenome in tetraploid and hexaploid wheat.Uncovering the landscape of genetic variations in T.urartu will help us understand the evolutionary and polyploid characteristics ...Triticum urartu is the progenitor of the A subgenome in tetraploid and hexaploid wheat.Uncovering the landscape of genetic variations in T.urartu will help us understand the evolutionary and polyploid characteristics of wheat.Here,we investigated the population genomics of T.urartu by genome-wide sequencing of 59 representative accessions collected around the world.A total of 42.2 million highquality single-nucleotide polymorphisms and 3 million insertions and deletions were obtained by mapping reads to the reference genome.The ancient T.urartu population experienced a significant reduction in effective population size(Ne)from3000000 to140000 and subsequently split into eastern Mediterranean coastal and Mesopotamian-Transcaucasian populations during the Younger Dryas period.A map of allelic drift paths displayed splits and mixtures between different geographic groups,and a strong genetic drift towards hexaploid wheat was also observed,indicating that the direct donor of the A subgenome originated from northwestern Syria.Genetic changes were revealed between the eastern Mediterranean coastal and Mesopotamian-Transcaucasian populations in genes orthologous to those regulating plant development and stress responses.A genome-wide association study identified two single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the exonic regions of the SEMI-DWARF 37 ortholog that corresponded to the different T.urartu ecotype groups.Our study provides novel insights into the origin and genetic legacy of the A subgenome in polyploid wheat and contributes a gene repertoire for genomicsenabled improvements in wheat breeding.展开更多
多药抗性基因(pleiotropic drug resistance,PDR)是ATP-bindingCassette(ABC)转运蛋白基因三大亚家族中的一个,具有对生物和非生物胁迫的广谱抗性。本研究以乌拉尔图小麦为材料,以小麦TaPDR7基因序列为探针,在乌拉尔图小麦的DNA、CDS和...多药抗性基因(pleiotropic drug resistance,PDR)是ATP-bindingCassette(ABC)转运蛋白基因三大亚家族中的一个,具有对生物和非生物胁迫的广谱抗性。本研究以乌拉尔图小麦为材料,以小麦TaPDR7基因序列为探针,在乌拉尔图小麦的DNA、CDS和氨基酸序列数据库中搜索到同源序列,命名为TuPDR7,并对其进行生物信息学分析。结果表明,TuPDR7长4140bp,编码1379个氨基酸,预测其蛋白分子量为155.5kD,等电点为6.1,是一个膜蛋白。同源序列比对和三级结构预测显示TuPDR7具有PDR基因典型的结构域。启动子预测表明TuPDR7含有对禾谷镰刀菌等真菌、脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(DON)、生物激素、盐胁迫、冷胁迫、干旱胁迫等的响应元件,说明其可能是一个广谱抗性基因,对于乌拉尔图小麦的抗性研究具有重要意义。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (30571139 and 30671271)the Personnel Training Foundation in Sichuan Province, China.
文摘High molecular weight glutenin subunit （HMW-GS） plays an important role in determining dough property and breadmaking quality, and the exploration of novel genes for HMW-GS will be crucial for quality improvement program. A gene coding the y type HMW-GS at Glu-A1 locus in Triticum urartu （AA, 2n=2×= 14） with an electrophoretic mobility similar to that of 1Dyl2, was cloned, sequenced, and heterologously expressed. This novel active lay gene FJ404595 was confirmed by structure analyses of nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences combining with phylogenetic analysis. The open reading frame （ORF） of this gene was 1 830 bp, encoded a protein of 608 amino acid residues containing 46 hexapeptides and 14 nonapeptides, which was mostly similar to the lAy gene AM183223 at a high identity of 99.62% with the two substitutions of both leucine/proline and valine/glutamate, obviously different from the lAy gene EU984504 with 587 residues containing 44 hexapeptides and 13 nonapeptides in T. urartu. The amino acid （leucine） at 446 differed from that （proline） of all the eight compared active lAy subunits. The predicted secondary protein structure implied that this lAy subunit might also have positive impact on flour processing quality.
基金This research was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31871617)the Ministry of Science and Technology of the People’s Republic of China(2016YFD0102002 and 2011AA100104).
文摘Triticum urartu is the progenitor of the A subgenome in tetraploid and hexaploid wheat.Uncovering the landscape of genetic variations in T.urartu will help us understand the evolutionary and polyploid characteristics of wheat.Here,we investigated the population genomics of T.urartu by genome-wide sequencing of 59 representative accessions collected around the world.A total of 42.2 million highquality single-nucleotide polymorphisms and 3 million insertions and deletions were obtained by mapping reads to the reference genome.The ancient T.urartu population experienced a significant reduction in effective population size(Ne)from3000000 to140000 and subsequently split into eastern Mediterranean coastal and Mesopotamian-Transcaucasian populations during the Younger Dryas period.A map of allelic drift paths displayed splits and mixtures between different geographic groups,and a strong genetic drift towards hexaploid wheat was also observed,indicating that the direct donor of the A subgenome originated from northwestern Syria.Genetic changes were revealed between the eastern Mediterranean coastal and Mesopotamian-Transcaucasian populations in genes orthologous to those regulating plant development and stress responses.A genome-wide association study identified two single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the exonic regions of the SEMI-DWARF 37 ortholog that corresponded to the different T.urartu ecotype groups.Our study provides novel insights into the origin and genetic legacy of the A subgenome in polyploid wheat and contributes a gene repertoire for genomicsenabled improvements in wheat breeding.
文摘多药抗性基因(pleiotropic drug resistance,PDR)是ATP-bindingCassette(ABC)转运蛋白基因三大亚家族中的一个,具有对生物和非生物胁迫的广谱抗性。本研究以乌拉尔图小麦为材料,以小麦TaPDR7基因序列为探针,在乌拉尔图小麦的DNA、CDS和氨基酸序列数据库中搜索到同源序列,命名为TuPDR7,并对其进行生物信息学分析。结果表明,TuPDR7长4140bp,编码1379个氨基酸,预测其蛋白分子量为155.5kD,等电点为6.1,是一个膜蛋白。同源序列比对和三级结构预测显示TuPDR7具有PDR基因典型的结构域。启动子预测表明TuPDR7含有对禾谷镰刀菌等真菌、脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(DON)、生物激素、盐胁迫、冷胁迫、干旱胁迫等的响应元件,说明其可能是一个广谱抗性基因,对于乌拉尔图小麦的抗性研究具有重要意义。
