Use of a modified ureteral access sheath in semi-rigid ureteroscopy to treat large upper ureteral stones is associated with high stone free rates

Objective:To examine differences in outcomes of semi-rigid ureteroscopy(URS)with or without a modified-ureteral-access-sheath(mUAS)to treat large upper ureteral stones.Methods:Patients with single,radio-opaque large upper ureteral stone(≥10 mm)treated using semi-rigid URS between August 2013 and October 2016 were retrospectively evaluated.The stone-free status was determined from Kidney-ureter-bladder(KUB)X-ray films taken on postoperative Day 1 and after 1 month.Results:Of 103 patients meeting inclusion criteria,43(41.75%)and 60(58.25%)were treated with semi-rigid URS with and without mUAS,respectively.The immediate stone-free rate(SFR)for the mUAS group was significantly higher than the non-mUAS group(40[93.0%]vs.46[76.7%];p=0.033).The SFR at 1 month was also high for patients treated using mUAS,but not statistically different from patients not treated with mUAS(41[95.3%]mUAS vs.51[85.0%]non-mUAS;p=0.115).Auxiliary procedure rates were significantly lower for mUAS patients compared to non-mUAS patients(2[4.7%]vs.14[23.3%];p=0.01).There were no significant differences in surgical duration and hospital stays,and the overall complication rates were statistically similar for mUAS patients compared to non-mUAS patients(1[2.3%]vs.3[5.0%];p=0.638).

Ureteral Stenting Following Uncomplicated Ureteroscopy for Ureteric Stones: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Objective: The objective is to assess the benefits and adverse effects of routine ureteral stenting after uncomplicated ureteroscopic lithotripsy. Material and Methods: Sixty patients with ureteric calculi amenable to ureteroscopic lithotripsy were randomized to an unstented (30 patients) or a stented (30 patients) treatment group, standard ureteroscopic lithotripsy done using 8 French semirigid ureteroscope, and pneumatic lithotripter used to fragment the stones. They were followed up for postoperative flank pain, lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and hematuria. Results: There was no significant difference in the mean age (stenting 37.8 year and 33.5 year unstenting) of patients, gender and stone size in both groups. No significant difference in the mean flank pain within 3 days postoperative, while at day 14 postoperative flank pain for stenting group was significant (P = 0.03). Dysuria and urgency were high for stenting group (P = 0.002 and 0.011). Hematuria within 3 and 14 days was higher in the stenting group. Conclusion: After uncomplicated ureteroscopy, stents can be safely omitted. Unstented patients have significantly fewer LUTS, haematuria and flank pain.

Comparison of combined laparoscopic ureterolithotomy and flexible ureteroscopy with percutaneous nephrolithotomy for removing large impacted upper ureteral stones with concurrent renal stones

Objectives:The present study compared the safety and efficacy of combined laparoscopic ureterolithotomy(LU)and flexible ureteroscopy with percutaneous nephrolithotomy(PCNL)for removing large impacted upper ureteral stones with concurrent renal stones.Methods:This study included 52 patients who underwent combined LU and retrograde flexible ureteroscopy for removing renal stones(group A)or PCNL(group B)for removing large upper impacted ureteral stones and concurrent renal stones at our department from January 2014 to December 2016.Patient demographics,stone characteristics,and procedure-related parameters including stone-free rate,operation time,hospital stay after surgery,mean decrease in hemoglobin levels,visual analog scale(VAS)score,auxiliary procedure rate,and complication rate were compared between groups A and B.Results:Results of this study showed that both procedures were effective for removing large impacted upper ureteral stones with concurrent renal stones.The stone-free rate after a single procedure was 95.7%in group A and 89.7%in group B(p?0.62).The operation time was longer in group A than in group B(112.2±23.3 min versus 96.2±16.4 min,p?0.006).However,no significant difference was observed between the two groups with respect to the length of hospital stay after the surgery(5 days versus 6 days,p?0.06).The decrease in hemoglobin levels was significantly higher in group B than in group A(0.64±0.36 g/dL versus1.44±0.65 g/dL,p<0.0001).The mean VAS scores obtained at 24 hours(2.91±1.08 versus 5.10±1.01,p<0.0001)and 48 hours after the surgery(1.09±0.73 versus 2.28±0.96,p<0.0001)were significantly higher for group B than for group A.Moreover,the auxiliary procedure rate was higher in group B than in group A(6.9%versus 0%).Conclusion:These results indicate that both combined LU and flexible ureteroscopy and PCNL are suitable for removing large impacted upper ureteral stones with concurrent renal stones and are associated with a high rate of patients being stone free afterwards.Despite the longer operation time,the combined laparoscopic and endourological procedure may be associated with less postoperative pain and fewer major complications.However,the choice of treatment depends on the preferences of surgeons and patients.

Ureteroscopy and stones:Current status and future expectations

Urolithaisis is becoming an ever increasing urological,nephrological and primary care problem.With a lifetime prevalence approaching 10% and increasing morbidity due to stone disease,the role of ureteroscopy and stone removal is becoming more important.We discuss the current status of stone disease and review the ever increasing role that ureteroscopy has to play in its management.We discuss technological advances that have been made in stone management and give you an overview of when,how and why ureteroscopy is the most common treatment option for stone management.We touch on the role of robotic ureteroscopy and the future of ureteroscopy in the next 10 years.

Can Computerized Hounsfield Unit Estimation Be Used as Predictor for Ureteric Stone Localization by Fluoroscopy during Extra Corporal Shock Wave Lithotripsy and Ureteroscopy?

Current minimally invasive interventions for ureteric stones involve either ESWL or Ureteroscopy and stone localization is mandatory for successful treatment in both. Objectives: To avoid doing KUB radiograph before ESWL routinely by correlating the stone attenuation value on CT KUB with stone visualization at fluoroscopy. Methods: This is a prospective cross sectional hospital based, Multicentric study carried out on 1010 patients with ureteric stones in Sudan from August 2014 to March 2016. Results: Mean stone density in HU was 704.45 ± 300 (SD) ranging (81 - 1873) HU. All of the stones were localized using fluoroscopy and only 26.5% of them were not seen under fluoroscopy. I.V contrast was used mostly, and also mainly in the upper ureter. More than 80% of the application of contrast through the ureteric catheter was in the lower ureteric stones. 91.2% of patients with stone density ≤ 400 HU failed to appear at fluoroscopy and therefore 400 HU attenuation value can be used as a cut-off level to request doing KUB before ESWL and Ureteroscopy. Conclusion: the ureteric stones with density ≤400 HU the likelihood of being non-visualized at fluoroscopy is 91.2% therefore if the stone has ≤400 HU at CT KUB it is mandatory to do KUB before treatment above that it is most likely to be seen at fluoroscopy and no need to request KUB for them before ESWL or URS. 1) Inclusion Criteria: All patients diagnosed by CT scan to have ureteric stones for ESWL or Ureteroscopy. 2) Exclusion Criteria: Patients for whom treatment of ureteric stone by ESWL or ureteroscopy is not indicated like severe infection or poor kidney function where nephrectomy is needed.

One-stage versus staged ureteroscopy and percutaneous nephrolithotomy for simultaneous ureteral and renal stones

Objectives:This study is aimed to investigate the outcome of one-stage ureteroscopy(URS)and percutaneous nephrolithot(PCNL)for simultaneous ureteral and renal stones over 10years at a tertiary urology institute.Materials and methods:We retrospectively analyzed the data of patients who were operated on for simultaneous ureteral and renal stones from January 2011 to December 2020.Patients were divided into 2 groups:group A,who underwent one-stage URS and prone PCNL,and group B,who underwent staged procedures.The overall success,complications,operative time,and hospital stays were compared between the 2 groups.Results:Data for 190 patients were reviewed;mean age was 50±13 years old,and 146(77%)were male.The one-stage(A)and staged(B)groups included 102 and 88 patients,respectively.Group A included older patients,with a high The American Society of Anesthesiologists score,while group B included more patients with multiple or staghorn stones.The one-stage group recorded shorter operative time(120±12min vs.140±16min,p=0.02)and shorter hospital stays(3 days[2-6]vs.4 days[3-9],p=0.06).Otherwise,both groups had equal outcomes in terms of success rates and complications.Conclusions:PCNL and URS can be performed in one-session for simultaneous ureteral and renal stones,except for multiple renal and staghorn stones.The results are comparable to those of the staged procedure in terms of success rate and complications,with the advantage of a shorter operative time and hospital stay.

三种输尿管软镜鞘联合输尿管软镜治疗肾结石的效果

目的:探讨对比三种输尿管软镜鞘联合输尿管软镜治疗肾结石的效果。方法:选取2022年1月—2023年11月九江市第一人民医院收治的90例肾结石患者,按随机数字表法分为A组、B组、C组,各30例。A组采用输尿管软镜和普通输尿管软镜鞘钬激光碎石术治疗,B组采用输尿管软镜和负压吸引鞘钬激光碎石术治疗,C组采用输尿管软镜和可弯曲负压吸引鞘钬激光碎石术治疗。比较三组手术相关指标、感染指标、肾功能指标、结石清除率及不良反应发生率。结果:C组手术时间短于A组、B组,术中出血量少于A组、B组,且B组手术时间短于A组,术中出血量少于A组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);三组术后肾盂输尿管损伤率比较,A组最高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后2 h,三组白细胞、降钙素原水平均高于术前,但C组均低于A组、B组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后1 d,C组尿素氮、肌酐水平均低于A组、B组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后1 d,三组结石清除率比较,C组最高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。C组不良反应总发生率低于A组、B组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:相比普通输尿管软镜鞘和负压吸引鞘,可弯曲负压吸引鞘钬激光碎石术治疗肾结石的效果更好,可缩短手术时间,提高结石清除率,减轻炎症反应,对肾盂输尿管及肾脏功能损伤更小,且术后不良反应发生率更低。

局麻下可弯曲负压鞘联合输尿管软镜治疗≥3 cm肾结石的有效性和安全性研究

目的:探讨局部麻醉下可弯曲负压鞘联合输尿管软镜治疗3.0 cm以上大负荷肾结石的有效性和安全性。方法:回顾性分析2023年1月至2023年12月于重庆医科大学附属第一医院泌尿外科局麻下完成的输尿管软镜钬激光碎石治疗的3.0 cm以上肾结石患者的临床资料,并分为可弯鞘组和传统鞘组,收集其一般资料,对比2组在围术期指标、术后并发症、手术效果等相关指标的差异。结果:共96例患者纳入研究,其中可弯曲鞘组44例,传统鞘组52例,2组患者的年龄、体质指数(body mass index,BMI)、结石负荷等一般资料2组间比较差异无统计学意义,可弯鞘组术后清石率(72.73%)明显高于传统鞘组(46.15%),P<0.05,而并发症发生率,如发热(2.27%)、石街形成(2.27%)明显低于传统鞘组(23.08%/17.31%),P<0.05,单次手术时间可弯鞘组[(126.20±21.45)min]与传统鞘组[(116.71±27.39)min]比较差异无统计学意义。结论:局麻下可弯曲负压鞘联合输尿管软镜治疗≥3 cm肾结石安全、有效,值得推广和应用。

输尿管软镜联合柔性可弯曲输尿管导引鞘在肾结石患者中的应用

目的探讨输尿管软镜联合柔性可弯曲输尿管导引鞘在肾结石患者中的应用价值。方法选择2022年1月至12月赣南医学院第三附属医院收治的40例肾结石患者作研究对象,按照随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,每组各20例。两组均行输尿管软镜碎石术,对照组采用非可弯曲输尿管导引鞘,观察组采用柔性可弯曲输尿管导引鞘。比较两组的结石清除率、手术指标、疼痛程度、负性情绪、生活质量、并发症发生率。结果观察组术后1d及术后1个月的结石清除率均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组的手术时间短于对照组,术中出血量少于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术前,两组患者的疼痛程度、负性情绪、生活质量评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组术后3d的疼痛视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分低于对照组,术后1个月的抑郁自评量表(SDS)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)评分低于对照组,术后1个月的世界卫生组织生活质量测定量表简表(WHOQOL-BREF)中社会关系、生理健康、心理健康、周围环境维度评分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组的并发症总发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论输尿管软镜联合柔性可弯曲输尿管导引鞘较非可弯曲输尿管导引鞘在缩短手术时间、减少术中出血量等方面优势明显,利于提高结石清除率,降低并发症发生风险,减轻患者疼痛、负性情绪,改善生活质量。

输尿管镜下钬激光碎石术治疗输尿管结石的临床研究

目的:探讨输尿管镜下钬激光碎石术治疗输尿管结石的临床价值。方法:纳入本院2020年10月至2021年10月收治的输尿管结石患者46例,随机数字表法分为研究组、对照组,各23例,分别开展输尿管镜下钬激光碎石术、气压弹道碎石术治疗,就两组患者治疗效果、实验室检查指标等进行测定对比。结果:治疗后研究组患者治疗总有效率高于对照组,术后白细胞计数、血清降钙素原、C-反应蛋白等低于对照组,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:对输尿管结石患者开展输尿管镜下钬激光碎石术治疗,与气压弹道碎石术相比疗效更为突出,同时能够改善术后早期炎性状况,值得开展。

中西医结合护理在输尿管结石患者输尿管镜下钬激光碎石术中的应用

目的探讨中西医结合护理在输尿管结石患者输尿管镜下钬激光碎石术中的应用效果。方法选择2022年10月至2023年12月在无锡市第二中医医院泌尿外科接受输尿管镜下钬激光碎石术治疗的68例输尿管结石患者,以随机数表法分为两组,各34例。常规组应用常规护理,实验组应用中西医结合护理。对比两组并发症发生率、住院时间与康复时间。结果实验组并发症发生率显著低于常规组,P<0.05。实验组手术操作时间、肠道功能恢复时间及住院时间均明显短于常规组,P<0.05。结论中西医结合护理在输尿管结石患者输尿管镜下钬激光碎石术中的应用效果显著,可减少术后并发症,加速患者康复。

彩色多普勒超声检查对肾结石合并输尿管结石的诊断价值

目的探讨彩色多普勒应用于肾结石伴输尿管结石临床诊断中的价值。方法选取2022年2月—2023年12月东莞市南城医院进行就诊的肾结石合并输尿管结石患者60例,随机数字表法分为观察组(彩色多普勒超声检查,30例)与对照组(X线检查,30例)。对比2组患者诊断相关指标。结果观察组诊断后正确率为90.00%,高于对照组的66.67%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组结石大小、结石数量和肾积水检出率分别为96.67%、90.00%和93.33%,高于对照组的80.00%、66.67%和73.33%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。检查后,2组中部输尿管石比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);上部与下部比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论对肾结石伴输尿管结石而言,在其临床诊断中应用彩色多普勒超声具有重要的临床意义,可提升临床正确率,并为临床治疗提供可靠数据。

经尿道输尿管软镜负压清石术在老年上尿路结石治疗中的临床应用

目的 探讨经尿道输尿管软镜负压清石术在治疗老年上尿路结石的有效性及安全性。方法 收集2022年9月至2024年1月在福建省晋江市医院(上海市第六人民医院福建医院)接受一次性输尿管软镜手术治疗的83例上尿路结石患者的临床资料,根据年龄大小分为老年组、青年组,两组均使用末端可弯曲的输尿管负压鞘,比较两组患者的一般临床资料、术前结石相关参数、手术时间、术后住院时间、结石清除率及术后感染并发症发生情况等。结果 老年组与青年组的比较:术中位时间54(39,68)min vs 57(45.5,74.5)min,术后住院中位时间:2 (2,3)d vs2 (2,3)d,术后结石清石率:39/41(95.1%) vs 35/42(83.3%);两组术后均无感染病例。两组在术中位时间、术后住院中位时间、术后结石清石率、术后感染发生率方面的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 经尿道输尿管软镜负压清石术在治疗<2 cm的老年上尿路结石是安全且有效的。

彩色多普勒超声在急性输尿管结石诊断中应用的价值

目的分析彩色多普勒超声在急性输尿管结石诊断中的应用价值。方法选取2020年1月—2023年9月徐州淮海国际港务区人民医院超声科收治的131例疑似急性输尿管结石患者,分别进行二维超声、彩色多普勒超声检查,以患者尿道排出结石及外科手术的结果作为金标准,比较两种检查方式的诊断符合率及诊断效能(灵敏度、特异度、准确度)。结果在急性输尿管诊断中,彩色多普勒超声阳性检出率高于二维超声,彩色多普勒超声诊断的灵敏度为94.83%(110/116)、特异度为80.00%(12/15)和准确度为93.13%(122/131),均高于二维超声的65.52%(76/116)、40.00%(6/15)、62.60%(82/131),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=31.345、5.000、4.442,P均<0.05);彩色多普勒超声对上中下段结石的诊断符合率均高于二维超声,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。结论在急性输尿管结石诊断中,彩色多普勒超声具有较高的诊断价值。

输尿管软镜碎石术联合可弯曲负压输尿管导引鞘与经皮肾镜取石术治疗2~3cm肾结石的疗效比较

目的:比较输尿管软镜碎石术(Flexible ureteroscopy lithotripsy,FURL)联合可弯曲负压输尿管导引鞘与经皮肾镜取石术(Percutaneous nephrolithotomy,PCNL)治疗2~3 cm肾结石的效果。方法:分析2022年1月至2023年2月收治的151例2~3 cm肾结石患者的临床资料。根据手术方式分为FURL组(86例)与PCNL组(65例)。比较2组患者术前资料、总手术时间、清石时间、术后住院时间、血红蛋白下降值、结石清除率及术后并发症。结果:2组患者术前一般资料比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。FURL组与PCNL组术后1天结石清除率分别为81.40%、86.15%,术后1月结石清除率分别为87.21%、89.23%,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。与PCNL组相比,FURL组清石时间较长[(66.78±25.87)min vs(47.23±16.70)min],术后住院时间更短(3 d vs 5 d),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),但2组总手术时间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。与PCNL组相比,FURL组血红蛋白下降更少[(5.16±7.48)g·L^(-1) vs(10.32±7.48)g·L^(-1)],术后并发症发生率更低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:FURL联合可弯曲输尿管导引鞘是一种安全有效的手术方式,可作为治疗2~3 cm肾结石的选择方案。

输尿管镜钬激光处理输尿管上段嵌顿结石126例分析

目的探讨输尿管镜钬激光治疗嵌顿输尿管上段结石的临床疗效。方法总结分析我院2006年9月至2010年6月行输尿管镜下钬激光碎石治疗126例输尿管上段嵌顿结石患者的临床资料。结果 126例患者中有97例行输尿管镜钬激光一次清除碎石满意,平均手术时间42min;13例因输尿管中下段狭窄,无法到达结石部位,3例成功留置双J管后行体外冲击波碎石术(ESWL),3例改开放手术,另7例改为微创经皮肾穿刺取石术(MPCNL);输尿管穿孔3例,1例碎石后成功留置双J管,2例改开放手术;11例结石被冲至肾盂,其中3例在肾盂内成功碎石,3例因结石较大,改为MPCNL;5例患者留置双J管后行ESWL。术后复查B超及腹部X线片,结石排净率93.65%(118/126)。另外研究发现,男女患者比较,输尿管镜手术成功率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但梗阻时间(≥6个月与<6个月比较)、结石大小(直径≥1.0cm与直径<1.0cm比较)及对手术成功的影响也不同(P<0.05)。结论输尿管镜钬激光碎石治疗输尿管上段嵌顿结石是一种较好的选择,尤其适用于高危患者。

四种微创方式治疗1275例输尿管上段结石的临床研究

目的:探讨输尿管上段结石最佳微创治疗方式。方法:采用体外冲击波碎石(extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy,SWL)、输尿管硬镜碎石取石术(rigid ureteroscopy,RURS)、输尿管软镜碎石取石术(flexible ureteroscopy,FURS)和经皮肾镜碎石取石术(percutaneous nephrolithotomy,PCNL)中任一种治疗的输尿管上段结石1 275例进行分层分析,各治疗方式组根据结石大小、病程长短和输尿管扩张程度分为3个亚组,统计分析各亚组清除率、复发率和并发症率。结果:RURS清除率高于SWL,低于FURS和PCNL(P<0.01)。RURS、FURS和PCNL复发率无差异(P>0.01),均低于SWL(P<0.01)。对于并发症率,在结石<1 000 mm3、病程<3月和输尿管扩张直径<10 mm 3个亚组中四者无差异(P>0.05);在结石≥1 000 mm3亚组中RURS高于SWL、FURS和PCNL(P<0.01);在病程≥3月亚组中SWL高于RURS、FURS和PCNL(P<0.01);在输尿管扩张直径≥10 mm亚组中FURS和PCNL低于SWL和RURS(P<0.01)。结论:结石大小、病程长短和输尿管扩张程度对选择输尿管上段结石的治疗方式有重要参考意义。SWL是结石<1 000 mm3、病程<3月和输尿管扩张直径<10 mm三者兼有的结石首选。PCNL是结石≥1 000 mm3、病程≥3月和输尿管扩张直径≥10 mm三者兼有的结石首选。结石≥1 000 mm3者不单独使用RURS。病程≥3月者不单独使用SWL。

双J管预扩张输尿管软镜治疗肾结石363例疗效分析

目的探讨双J管预扩张对输尿管软镜钬激光碎石的疗效。方法 2012年2月～2014年9月,对363例输尿管软镜治疗肾结石术前使用双J管对治疗侧输尿管进行预扩张,统计扩张鞘进鞘成功率、并发症发生率、结石排净率。结果置管期间尿路刺激征发生率29.8%（108/363）,软镜扩张鞘1次放置成功率99.4%（361/363）,需主动干预治疗的并发症发生率3.9%（14/363）,术后2个月结石排净率90.1%（327/363）。结论输尿管软镜碎石术前使用双J管对治疗侧输尿管进行预扩张,软镜扩张鞘置入成功率高,手术效果满意,患者痛苦轻。

输尿管镜下钬激光治疗合并息肉的输尿管结石

目的探讨输尿管镜下钬激光术治疗并发息肉的输尿管结石的有效性、安全性及相关技巧。方法采用硬性输尿管镜下钬激光术治疗并发息肉的输尿管结石患者89例。结石直径8-27mm。在结石周围或下方均并发息肉。结果89例患者息肉均一次治疗成功；除3例上段结石被冲入肾盂外，其余均单次原位碎石成功。术后有轻微血尿，无低热、肾区疼痛等不适。术中发生输尿管穿孔2例，留置双J管4周后治愈。结论输尿管镜下钬激光术是治疗并发息肉的输尿管结石有效而安全的方法。

自制测压吸石输尿管扩张鞘在输尿管软镜治疗肾结石中的应用(附33例报告)

目的探讨自制测压吸石输尿管扩张鞘联合负压吸引器在输尿管软镜治疗肾结石术中的应用价值。方法2015年3~5月,使用自制测压吸石输尿管扩张鞘(专利号:201520062247.6)配合负压吸引装置,对33例肾结石行输尿管软镜钬激光碎石治疗。术前设定灌注泵流量0.2 L/min,灌注压力上限设定为100 mm Hg,吸引负压为10 k Pa,通过自制测压吸石输尿管扩张鞘副通道监测肾内压力,使用蚕食法边碎石边吸石,尽量将结石击碎至0.2 mm,术中根据视野清晰情况及肾内压力大小对灌注流量、压力及时进行调整。结果术中初始肾内压力为(14.7±3.2)mm Hg(9~22 mm Hg),灌注时间(29.3±2.5)min(25~37 min),术中视野清晰,无肾脏出血、破裂,术后生命体征平稳,无发热、尿源性脓毒血症等并发症,出院前1天复查腹部平片提示残留结石最大直径约1 cm 9例,0.5 cm 15例,<0.3 cm 9例,术后住院时间均为2天。术后1个月均返院取出双J管。术后2个月复查腹部平片及泌尿系B超,28例未见结石残留,5例见结石碎片残留于肾下极,直径<0.3 cm。结论本研究初步表明,使用自制测压吸石输尿管扩张鞘,手术过程安全,正负压力、进出流量可控,吸石效果良好。