Studies on the Relationship between Urokinase Plasminogen Activator(uPA)and Human Sperm Motility

To clarify the role of urokinase plasminogen activator(uPA) in the mechanisms of regulating sperm motility and the ability of fertilizing, we investigated the quantities and activities of uPA in human seminal Plasma and on the membrane of spermatozoa.Semens were harvested from 22 infertile patients with asthenospermia and 20 healthy fertile men according to WHO standards. To quantify the membrane-bound uPA in the samples, polyclonal antibodies against human urokinase were employed by means of a sandwich ELISA. The uPA activities in seminal plasma and on the surface of spermatozoa were determined using Agarose-Fibrine-Plate method and the experiment of immunological identification with polyclonal antibodies against urokinase. In lysates of spermatozoa, significantly lower levels of uPA(23. 1±7.35 mu/106 cells ) and uPA activity (5.13±3.85 mu/106 cells) were found in patient group as compared to healthy fertile men exhibiting normospermia (29. 89±9. 40 mu/105 cells and 10. 17±6. 18 mu/106 cells). In seminal plasma, uPA activity in patient group (2134±1581. 3 IU/L)was also found significantly lower than that of normal group (3365±1859. 5 IU/L). Positive correlations were observed between sperm motility and uPA quantities (r=0. 48, P＜0. 005), as well as with uPA activities (r= 0. 45,P＜0. 005).Thus, it is inferred that membrane associated uPA on human spermatozoa may be related directly to sperm motility and fertility.

Human urokinase-type plasminogen activator gene-modifiedbone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells attenuateliver fibrosis in rats by down-regulating the Wnt signalingpathway

AIM: To evaluate the therapeutic effects of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs) with human urokinase-type plasminogen activator(u PA) on liver fibrosis, and to investigate the mechanism of gene therapy.METHODS: BMSCs transfected with adenovirusmediated human urokinase plasminogen activator(Adu PA) were transplanted into rats with CCl4-induced liver fibrosis. All rats were sacrificed after 8 wk, and their serum and liver tissue were collected for biochemical, histopathologic, and molecular analyzes. The degree of liver fibrosis was assessed by hematoxylin and eosin or Masson's staining. Western blot and quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction were used to determine protein and m RNA expression levels.RESULTS: Serum levels of alanine aminotransferase, aminotransferase, total bilirubin, hyaluronic acid, laminin, and procollagen type Ⅲ were markedly decreased, whereas the levels of serum albumin were increased by u PA gene modified BMSCs treatment. Histopathology revealed that chronic CCl4-treatment resulted in significant fibrosis while u PA gene modified BMSCs treatment significantly reversed fibrosis. By quantitatively analysing the fibrosis area of liver tissue using Masson staining in different groups of animals, we found that model animals with CCl4-induced liver fibrosis had the largest fibrotic area(16.69% ± 1.30%), while fibrotic area was significantly decreased by BMSCs treatment(12.38% ± 2.27%) and was further reduced by u PA-BMSCs treatment(8.31% ± 1.21%). Both protein and m RNA expression of β-catenin, Wnt4 and Wnt5 a was down-regulated in liver tissues following u PA gene modified BMSCs treatment when compared with the model animals.CONCLUSION: Transplantation of u PA gene modified BMSCs suppressed liver fibrosis and ameliorated liver function and may be a new approach to treating liver fibrosis. Furthermore, treatment with u PA gene modified BMSCs also resulted in a decrease in expression of molecules of the Wnt signaling pathway.

Gene expression changes of urokinase plasminogen activator and urokinase receptor in rat testes at postnatal stages

Aim： To investigate the gene expression changes of urokinase plasminogen activator （uPA）/urokinase receptor （uPAR） in rat testes at postnatal stages and explore the effects of uPA/uPAR system on the rat spermatogenesis. Methods： The mRNAs of uPA and uPAR in rat testes were measured by using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction （PCR） at postnatal days 0, 5, 10, 15, 21, 28, 35, 42, 49 and 56, respectively. Results： The tendencies of uPA and uPAR mRNA expression were similar at most postnatal stages except for Do. The expression of uPAR mRNA in rats testes was relatively higher than that of uPA at postnatal Do, and both were decreased until D21, increased obviously at postnatal D28, reached a peak at postnatal D35, then declined sharply at postnatal D42 and retained at a low level afterwards. Conclusion： The uPA/uPAR system may be strongly linked to spermiation and spermatogenesis via regulating germ cell migration and proliferation, as well as promoting the spermiation and detached residual bodies from the mature spermatids.

Relationship between matrix metalloproteinase-2 mRNA expression and clinicopathological and urokinase-type plasminogen activator system parameters and prognosis in human gastric cancer

AIM: To investigate the relationship between matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) mRNA expression and clinicopathologic and urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) system parameter and prognosis in human gastric cancer.METHODS: Expression of MMP-2 mRNA, uPA, and uPA-R mRNA in tumor tissues and ≥5 cm adjacent normal tissues from 67 cases of gastric cancer was studied using RTPCR and Northern blot respectively. Survival analyses were done using the Kaplan-Meier method. RESULTS: The expression rates of MMP-2 mRNA, uPA and uPA-R mRNA in tumor tissues (31%, 41%, and 51%, respectively) were significantly higher than those in ≥5 cm adjacent tissues (19%, 11%, and 9%; χ2 = 4.59, 43.58, and 53.24 respectively, P＜0.05, 0.0001, and 0.0001, respectively). Expression of MMP-2 mRNA was significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis (metastasis:61.9%, no metastasis: 39.1%, χ2= 7.61, P＜0.05), Lauren's classification of diffuse/mixed types: 54.2%, intestinal type: 26.3%, χ2 = 4.25, P＜0.05, expression of uPA and uPA-R mRNA (uPA+: 55.1%, uPA-: 22.2% and uPA-R+: 54.9%, uPA-R-: 18.8%, x2= 5.72 and 6.40 respectively, P＜0.05). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis of MMP-2 mRNA expression did not show significant difference in all 67 cases, but revealed an association of the expression of MMP-2 mRNA, uPA, and uPA-R mRNA with worse prognosis (P = 0.0083, 0.0160, and 0.0094, respectively). CONCLUSION: MMP-2 may play an important role in the development of invasion and metastasis of gastric cancer.

High level of urokinase plasminogen activator contributes to cholangiocarcinoma invasion and metastasis

AIM: To investigate the role of urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) in cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) invasion and its correlation with clinicopathological parameters. METHODS: uPA expression in CCA tissue was determined by immunohistochemistry. The level of uPA from two CCA cell lines (HuCCA-1 and KKU-M213) and a noncancer immortalized cholangiocyte cell line (H69) was monitored by plasminogen-gelatin zymography and western blotting, whereas that of plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1) protein and uPA receptor (uPAR)mRNA was monitored by western blotting and quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, respectively. Two independent methods were employed to suppress uPA function: a synthetic uPA inhibitor (B428) and silencing of uPA gene expression using siRNA. In vitro invasion of the uPA-disrupted cells was assessed by Matrigel-coated Transwell assay. RESULTS: The immunohistochemical study showed that 75.3% (131/174) of CCA tissues expressed uPA. High uPA expression was correlated with lymphatic invasion and metastasis of CCA patients. Plasminogen-gelatin zymography of the conditioned media and cell-surface eluates showed that both CCA cell lines, but not H69, expressed both secreted and membrane-bound forms of uPA. Although the two CCA cell lines, HuCCA-1 and KKU-M213, expressed a relatively high level of uPA and uPAR, the latter exhibited a much lower degree of in vitro invasiveness, correlating with a high expression of PAI-1 in the latter, but not in the former. Suppressing uPA function with a specific uPA inhibitor, B428, or with siRNA against uPA reduced in vitro invasiveness of KKU-M213 cells, demonstrating the requirement for uPA in the invasiveness of CCA cells. Therefore, our in vivo and in vitro studies suggest that uPA is an important requirement for the invasion process of CCA. CONCLUSION: uPA expression correlates with lymphatic invasion and metastasis in vivo and is required for CCA cell invasion in vitro , suggesting its potential as a therapeutic target.

Urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor as a predictor of poor outcome in patients with systemic inflammatory response syndrome

BACKGROUND:Urokinase-type plasminogen activator(uPA) and urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor(uPAR) are known as important factors,which mediate a variety of functions in terms of vascular homeostasis,inflammation and tissue repair.However,their role in systemic inflammatory response syndrome(SIRS) has been less well studied.This study aimed to test the hypothesis that the abnormalities of fibrinolysis and degradation of extracellular matrix mediated by uPA and uPAR are directly related to the patients with SIRS.We therefore analyzed their role and clinicopathological significance in patients with SIRS.METHODS:A case-control study was conducted with 85 patients who were divided into two groups according to the diagnostic criteria of SIRS:SIRS group(n=50) and non-SIRS group(/7=35).The SIRS group was divided into MODS group(n=26) and non-MODS group(n=24) by their severity,and survival group(n=35) and non-survival group(n=15) by their prognosis.Another 30 healthy adults served as normal controls.uPA and uPAR in plasma were detected by commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) kits.RESULTS:The plasma level of uPA was lower in the SIRS group than in the non-SIRS group and controls(P<0.001 and P<0.001).It was lower in sepsis patients and the MODS group than in the non-sepsis patients and the non-MODS patients(all P<0.05).However,there was no difference in uPA level between survivors and non-survivors(P>0.05).The plasma level of uPAR increased in the SIRS group compared with the non-SIRS group and controls(P<0.001 and P<0.001).There was a significant elevation of uPAR in sepsis patients,MODS patients and non-survivors as compared with non-sepsis patients,non-MODS patients and survivors respectively(all P<0.05).Plasma uPAR levels were positively correlated with APACHE Ⅱ score(r=0.575,P<0.001) and SOFA score(r=0.349,P=0.013).AUCs for the prediction of SIRS mortality were 0.67 and 0.51,respectively,for uPA and uPAR.CONCLUSION:uPAR could be a predictor of poor outcome in patients with SIRS.

Elevation of serum urokinase plasminogen activator receptor and liver stiffness in postoperative biliary atresia

AIM To investigate serum urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor(u PAR) and liver stiffness in biliary atresia(BA) and examine the correlation of circulating u PAR, liver stiffness, and clinical outcomes in postoperative BA children.METHODS Eighty-five post Kasai BA children and 24 control subjects were registered. Circulating u PAR was measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent essay. Liver stiffness was analyzed using transient elastography.RESULTS BA children had significantly greater circulating u PAR andliver stiffness scores than control subjects(P < 0.001). Circulating u PAR and liver stiffness were substantially higher in jaundiced BA children than non-jaundiced BA children(P < 0.001). In addition, circulating u PAR was positively associated with serum aspartate aminotransferase(r = 0.507, P < 0.001), alanine aminotransferase(r = 0.364, P < 0.001), total bilirubin(r = 0.559, P < 0.001), alkaline phosphatase(r = 0.325, P < 0.001), and liver stiffness scores(r = 0.508, P < 0.001).CONCLUSION Circulating u PAR and liver stiffness values were greater in BA children than healthy controls. The increased circulating u PAR was associated with liver dysfunction in BA. As a consequence, serum u PAR and liver stiffness may be used as noninvasive biomarkers indicating the progression of liver fibrosis in post Kasai BA.

Crystal Structures of 2-Aminobenzothiazole-based Inhibitors in Complexes with Urokinase-type Plasminogen Activator

Urokinase-type plasminogen activator （uPA） plays a crucial role in the regulation of plasminogen activation, tumor cell adhesion and migration. The inhibition of uPA activity is a promising mechanism for anti-cancer therapy. Most current uPA inhibitors employ a highly basic group （either amidine or guanidine group） to target the S1 pocket of uPA active site, which leads to poor oral bioavailability. Here we study the possibility of using less basic 2-aminobenzothiazole （ABT） as S1 pocket binding group. We report the crystal structures of uPA complexes with ABT or 2-amino-benzothiazole-6-carboxylic acid ethyl ester （ABTCE）. The inhibitory constants of these two inhibitors were measured by a chromogenic competitive assay, and it was found that ABTCE is a better inhibitor for uPA （Ki = 656 μM） than ABT （Ki = 5.03 mM）. This work shows that 2-amniobenzothiazole can be used as P1 group which may have better oral bioavailability than the commonly used amidine or guanidine group. We also found the ethyl ester group occupies the characteristic oxyanion hole and contacts to uPA 37- and 60-loops. Such work provides structural information for further improvements of potency and selectivity of this new class of uPA inhibitor.

Role of Urokinase-type Plasminogen Activator in the Precontact Sperm-egg Communication and Fertility of Mice in vitro

Objective To explore the role of urokinase-type plasminogen activator（uPA） in precontact sperm-egg communication and fertility of mice in vitro. Methods Firstly, sperm chemotaxis （SC） induced by uPA was assayed by measuring the sperm densities in capillaries with a descending gradient or no gradient of uPA respectively. Secondly, the role of uPAR that exists in sperm plasma membrane in SC was studied by examining the change of sperm density in capillary after incubating spermatozoa with anti-uPAR antibody. Thirdly, SC induced by eggs, which had been treated with uPA, PAl-1 and anti-uPAR beforehand respectively, was assayed to study the role of uPA in PSEC. Lastly, the fertilization capability of spermatozoa treated with uPA was examined by counting the number of fertilized eggs. Results 1）The density of spermatozoa that migrated down the gradient of uPA into the capillary was significantly lower than that into the capillary containing no-gradient uPA. 2） When uPAR of spermatozoa was inhibited by anti-uPAR antibody, the density of spermatozoa that migrated into the capillary with ascending gradient of uPA decreased correspondingly. 3） The density of spermatozoa attracted by eggs, which were treated with uPA beforehand, increased significantly than that of attracted by non-treated eggs. On the contrary, the sperm density decreased correspondingly when the egg was treated with PAI-1. 4） The number of fertilized eggs increased significantly after the spermatozoa used here was treated with uPA beforehand. Conclusion uPA could induce SC of mice sperm in vitro through the uPAR on its membrane, enhance the capability of egg inducing SC, and promote spermatozoa to fertilize eggs. Thus, uPA may act as an attractant in PSEC, increase the chance encounter of spermatozoa and eggs, therefore, enhance the fertility success correspondingly. This study, in some degree, provides an evidence that uPA may be used as a new medicine and diagnostic reagent for male infertility.

Genetic association of urokinase-type plasminogen activator gene rs2227564 site polymorphism with sporadic Alzheimer's disease in the Han Chinese population

A missense C/T polymorphism in exon 6 （the NCBI rslD is rs2227564） of the urokinase-type plasminogen activator gene has been identified as a possible hot spot for Alzheimer＇s disease risk. The present study analyzed urokinase-type plasminogen gene polymorphisms of rs2227564 with sporadic Alzheimer＇s disease by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism. Results showed that CC, CT and TT genotype distribution frequencies had significant differences between sporadic Aizheimer＇s disease patients and healthy controls, in-depth analysis of the association between urokinase-type plasminogen gene rs2227564 polymorphisms and sporadic Alzheimer＇s disease indicated that people with the C-positive genotype CC ＋ CT were at a higher risk for developing sporadic Alzheimer＇s disease. These results support the contribution of the polymorphisms of rs2227564 in the urokinase-type plasminogen gene to the pathogenesis of sporadicAIzheimer＇s disease in the Han Chinese population.

Primary focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis and soluble factor urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor

Primary focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis(FSGS) may be due to genetic or acquired etiologies and is a common cause of nephrotic syndrome with high morbidity that often leads to end-stage renal failure. The different available therapeutic approaches are unsuccessful, in part due to partially deciphered heterogeneous and complex pathophysiological mechanisms. Moreover, the term FSGS, even in its primary form, comprises a histological description shared by a number of different causes with completely different molecular pathways of disease. This review focuses on the latest developments regarding the pathophysiology of primary acquired FSGS caused by soluble factor urokinase type plasminogen activator receptor, a circulating permeability factor involved in proteinuria and edema formation, and describes recent advances with potential success in therapy.

Bone Marrow Urokinase Plasminogen Activator Receptor Levels are Associated with the Progress of Multiple Myeloma

Objective To determine the mRNA and protein levels of urokinase plasminogen activator receptors(u PAR) in bone marrow fluid and bone marrow tissue from multiple myeloma(MM) patients and assess association of u PAR level with prognosis of MM.Methods u PAR levels in bone marrow fluid of 22 MM patients at the stable and progressive stages and 18 iron deficiency anemia patients with normal bone marrow(control) were examined by ELISA.Furthermore,u PAR expression in bone marrow tissue was investigated by RT-PCR and Western blot,respectively.The distribution of u PAR in MM cells was examined using immunofluorescence staining.The pathological changes in different stages of MM patients were studied by HE staining.Results u PAR level in bone marrow fluid of MM patients(1.52±0.32 μg/ml) was found to be higher than that in the control group(0.98±0.15 μg/ml).Interestingly,u PAR protein(0.686±0.075 vs.0.372±0.043,P<0.05) and m RNA(2.51±0.46 vs.4.46±1.15,P<0.05) expression levels of MM patients at the progressive stage were significantly higher than those at the stable stage.The expression of u PAR in MM bone marrow was confirmed by immunofluorescence staining.Moreover,HE staining revealed a great increased number of nucleated cells and severe impairment of hematopoietic function in the bone marrow of patients with progressive-stage myeloma.Conclusion Our study reveals that u PAR expression is positively correlated with the development and progress of MM.

EXPRESSION AND SIGNIFICANCE OF UROKINASE-TYPEPLASMINOGEN ACTIVATOR IN BREAST CANCER

Objective: To study the expression and clinical significance of urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) in breast cancer. Methods: Applying streptavidin-biotin complex (SABC) immunohistochemical technique, expression of uPA was studied in 100 patients with primary breast cancer. Results: There were 55 patients with high uPA expression, and 45 with lower expression. There was significant correlation between uPA expression and TNM stage, lymph node status, and the tumor size. Neither age, menopausal status, nor ER status was significantly related with level of uPA expression. The patients with high expression of uPA had significantly shorter disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) than did those with low expression of uPA. Univariate analysis showed that uPA as a prognostic factor was of similar magnitude to lymph node status and TNM stage, but stronger than that of ER status and tumor size. UPA was an independent prognostic factor affecting disease-free survival and overall survival. Conclusion: uPA appears to be a strong and independent biologic marker for predicting prognosis of breast cancer.

Crystal Structures of Urokinase-type Plasminogen Activator in Complex with 4-(Aminomethyl) Benzoic Acid and 4-(Aminomethyl-phenyl)-methanol

Urokinase-type plasminogen activator （uPA） is a trypsin-like serine protease and plays a key role in several biological processes, including tissue remodeling, cell migration, and matrix degradation. The inhibitors of uPA have been shown to prevent the spread of metastasis and tumor growth, and accordingly uPA is widely recognized as a target for the treatment of cancer. In this work, we report the crystal structures of the complexes of uPA with its inhibitors： 4- （aminomethyl）-benzoic acid （AMBA） and 4-（aminomethyl-phenyl）-methanol （AMPM）, both at a resolution of 2.35 А. The inhibitory constants of these two inhibitors were measured by a chromogenic competitive assay, and it was found that AMBA is a better inhibitor for uPA （Ki = 2.68 mM） than AMPM （Ki = 13.99 mM）. The structural study shows that the binding mode of inhibitor AMBA on uPA is similar to that of AMPM on uPA, both docked into the active site S1 pocket of uPA. Structural details of these complexes are provided to explain the difference of inhibitory constants.

预后营养指数及血清suPAR、TK1在晚期肝癌预后中的预测价值

目的探索预后营养指数(PNI)及血清可溶性尿激酶型纤溶酶原激活物受体(suPAR)、胸苷激酶1(TK1)在晚期肝癌表达意义以及在预后评估中预测的应用价值。方法选取2019年2月至2021年2月收集的92例晚期肝癌患者进行回顾性分析,均进行PNI评估及血清suPAR、TK1检测,比较两组PNI、suPAR、TK1水平。同时,根据患者是否死亡,分为预后不良组(n=28,死亡),预后良好组(n=64,生存),经多因素Cox回归模型分析影响晚期肝癌患者预后独立危险因素,经受试者操作特征(ROC)曲线分析PNI、suPAR、TK1的诊断价值。结果经单因素分析,血管侵犯、门静脉癌栓会对晚期肝癌预后造成影响(P<0.05),且预后不良组PNI低于预后良好组,suPAR、TK1水平高于预后良好组,差异有统计学意义。Kaplan-Meier生存分析显示,PNI高表达、suPAR低表达、TK1低表达、无血管侵犯、无门静脉癌栓者生存时间显著高于PNI低表达、suPAR高表达、TK1高表达、有血管侵犯、有门静脉癌栓者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);经多因素Cox回归模型分析,PNI低表达、suPAR高表达、TK1高表达是影响晚期肝癌患者预后的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。经ROC曲线分析,PNI、suPAR、TK1及3项联合诊断晚期肝癌预后的曲线下面积分别为0.818、0.827、0.801、0.957。结论晚期肝癌患者血清suPAR、TK1水平升高,PNI降低,PNI、suPAR、TK1可作为一项简捷而有效的指标,来协助评估晚期肝癌患者的病情严重程度及预后。

血清eCIRP、suPAR预测脓毒症致急性呼吸窘迫综合征患者预后的价值分析

目的探讨血清细胞外冷诱导RNA结合蛋白(eCIRP)、可溶性尿激酶纤溶酶原激活物受体(suPAR)预测脓毒症致急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS)患者预后的价值。方法选取2019年1月—2023年6月上海交通大学医学院附属第九人民医院急诊科收治的脓毒症致ARDS患者84例(ARDS组),按照1∶1比例选取单纯脓毒症患者84例(非ARDS组),根据预后将脓毒症致ARDS患者分为死亡亚组(37例)和存活亚组(47例)。采用酶联免疫吸附法检测血清eCIRP、suPAR水平。通过多因素Logistic回归和受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析脓毒症致ARDS患者死亡的因素及血清eCIRP、suPAR水平预测价值。结果与非ARDS组比较,ARDS组血清eCIRP、suPAR水平升高(t/P=14.330/<0.001、10.632/<0.001);84例脓毒症致ARDS患者90 d死亡率为44.05%(37/84);死亡亚组患者血清eCIRP、suPAR、脓毒性休克比例、机械通气时间≥3 d比例、序贯器官衰竭评估(SOFA)评分、降钙素原、血乳酸均高于存活亚组(χ^(2)/t/P=13.805/<0.001、5.229/<0.001、10.932/0.001、4.334/0.037、4.850/<0.001、7.592/<0.001、5.926/<0.001);SOFA评分高、血乳酸高及血清eCIRP、suPAR高为脓毒症致ARDS患者死亡的独立危险因素[OR(95%CI)=1.523(1.123~2.067)、2.558(1.123~5.824)、1.094(1.017~1.178)、1.365(1.117~1.670)]。血清eCIRP、suPAR及二者联合预测脓毒症致ARDS患者死亡的AUC分别为0.787、0.779、0.871,二者联合的AUC大于血清eCIRP、suPAR水平的单独预测(Z/P=2.005/0.045、2.205/0.028)。结论血清eCIRP、suPAR水平升高与脓毒症致ARDS患者预后不良有关,且二者联合预测的价值较高。

血清MIF、MCP-1、suPAR水平与脓毒症严重程度及合并ARDS风险的关系

目的探讨血清巨噬细胞迁移抑制因子(MIF)、单核细胞趋化蛋白-1(MCP-1)、可溶性尿激酶型纤溶酶原激活物受体(suPAR)水平与脓毒症严重程度及合并急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS)风险的关系。方法回顾性分析2022年2月至2023年5月太原钢铁(集团)有限公司总医院收治的86例脓毒症患者的临床资料。依据病情程度不同将患者分为脓毒症组(n=20)、严重脓毒症组(n=48)和脓毒症休克组(n=18)。入院72 h内参考ARDS诊断标准将患者分为ARDS组(n=27)和非ARDS组(n=59)。检测并比较各组脓毒症患者血清MIF、MCP-1、suPAR水平。收集ARDS组与非ARDS组患者年龄、性别、体重指数、合并症、感染类型、既往史、心率、急性生理学和慢性健康状况评价Ⅱ(APACHEⅡ)、脓毒症相关性器官衰竭评价(SOFA)评分、白细胞计数、血乳酸、天冬氨酸转移酶(AST)、丙氨酸转移酶(ALT)、总胆固醇等指标。采用多因素Logistic回归分析对影响脓毒症患者并发ARDS的危险因素进行分析。通过受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析血清MIF、MCP-1、suPAR水平预测脓毒症患者并发ARDS的价值。结果脓毒症休克组患者血清MIF、MCP-1、suPAR水平分别为(94.02±10.13)、(506.55±45.15)、(13.89±3.95)ng/mL,均高于脓毒症组[(76.93±7.01)、(148.38±35.74)、(6.07±2.13)ng/mL]和严重脓毒症组[(85.46±8.74)、(327.08±40.62)、(8.42±1.07)ng/mL],而严重脓毒症组患者血清MIF、MCP-1、suPAR水平均高于脓毒症组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。ARDS组与非ARDS组患者的年龄、性别构成比、体重指数、合并症、感染类型、白细胞计数、心率、吸烟史、饮酒史、血乳酸、AST、ALT、总胆固醇比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);ARDS组患者APACHEⅡ评分、SOFA评分、有急腹症和胰腺炎占比及血清MIF、MCP-1、suPAR水平均高于非ARDS组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。经多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,急腹症、胰腺炎、APACHEⅡ评分、SOFA评分、MIF、MCP-1、suPAR是影响脓毒症患者并发ARDS的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。经ROC曲线分析结果显示,血清MIF、MCP-1、suPAR水平均能预测脓毒症患者ARDS的发生,曲线下面积分别为0.904、0.910、0.917,预测价值较好(P<0.05)。结论血清MIF、MCP-1、suPAR水平与脓毒症患者病情程度、并发ARDS密切相关,且血清MIF、MCP-1、suPAR水平对ARDS的发生有较好的预测价值。

支气管哮喘患儿外周血suPAR、JAK/STAT信号通路与气道重构的相关性分析

目的探究支气管哮喘(BA)患儿外周血可溶性尿激酶型纤溶酶原激活物受体(suPAR)、酪氨酸激酶/信号传导及转录激活因子(JAK/STAT)信号通路与气道重构的相关性。方法选取2021年1月—2023年1月吐鲁番市高昌区人民医院呼吸与危重症医学科收治的BA患儿106例为研究对象(BA组),根据哮喘分级标准分为间歇状态亚组(n=58)、轻度亚组(n=29)和中重度亚组(n=19)。另选取同期健康体检儿童106例为健康对照组。酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)测定血清suPAR水平,实时荧光定量PCR方法测定血清JAK、STAT水平。比较不同组间患儿血清suPAR、JAK、STAT水平、肺功能及气道重构状况;分析血清suPAR水平、JAK/STAT与BA患儿肺功能及气道重构的关系。结果与健康对照组比较,BA组患儿血清suPAR、JAK、STAT水平及气道壁厚度与气道腔外径比(T/D)、气道壁总面积占气道总面积百分比(WA%)均显著升高(t/P=20.572/<0.001,16.640/<0.001,16.182/<0.001,14.414/<0.001,19.359/<0.001),第1秒用力呼气容积(FEV_(1))占预计值百分比(FEV_(1)%)、FEV_(1)占用力肺活量百分比(FEV_(1)/FVC)均降低(t/P=22.796/<0.001,15.559/<0.001);间歇状态亚组、轻度亚组、中重度亚组BA患儿中,血清suPAR、JAK、STAT水平及T/D、WA%依次升高(F/P=23.667/<0.001,52.475/<0.001,30.306/<0.001,76.897/<0.001,62.594/<0.001),FEV_(1)%、FEV_(1)/FVC依次降低(F/P=99.545/<0.001,91.936/<0.001);Pearson相关性分析显示,血清suPAR、JAK、STAT水平与FEV_(1)%、FEV_(1)/FVC均呈显著负相关(suPAR:r/P=-0.467/<0.001,-0.424/<0.001,JAK:r/P=-0.601/<0.001,-0.560/<0.001,STAT:r/P=-0.458/<0.001,-0.412/<0.001),与T/D、WA%均呈显著正相关(suPAR:r/P=0.427/<0.001,0.411/<0.001,JAK:r/P=0.541/<0.001,0.455/<0.001,STAT:r/P=0.477/<0.001,0.484/<0.001),且FEV_(1)%、FEV_(1)/FVC与T/D、WA%呈显著负相关(T/D:r/P=-0.627/<0.001,-0.546/<0.001,WA%:r/P=-0.590/<0.001,-0.504/<0.001)。结论suPAR高表达及JAK/STAT通路激活可能与BA的发生发展有关,且suPAR水平、JAK/STAT通路与BA患儿气道重构密切相关,有望成为BA诊治新靶点。

血清IL-34、suPAR水平对哮喘患儿预后不良的预测价值

目的探讨血清白细胞介素(IL)-34、可溶性尿激酶型纤溶酶原激活物受体(suPAR)水平对哮喘患儿预后的预测价值。方法将2020年1月至2021年12月该院收治的184例哮喘患儿纳入研究作为哮喘组,另选取同时期于该院进行体检的184例健康儿童作为健康组。采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测两组儿童血清IL-34、suPAR水平。对哮喘组患儿进行1年随访,采用哮喘控制测试(ACT)评分表评估其预后情况。采用Logistic回归分析哮喘患儿预后不良的影响因素。采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析血清IL-34、suPAR水平对哮喘患儿预后的预测价值。结果哮喘组患儿血清IL-34与suPAR水平均高于健康组(P<0.05)。预后不良发生率为22.65%(40/181)。预后不良组早产、被动吸烟、有哮喘家族史、呼吸道感染史、饲养宠物、病情严重程度为重度的患儿所占比例及血清IL-34、suPAR水平均高于预后良好组(P<0.05),有母乳喂养的患儿所占比例低于预后良好组(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,早产、哮喘家族史、病情严重程度为重度,IL-34与suPAR高水平均是哮喘患儿预后不良的危险因素(P<0.05),母乳喂养为保护因素(P<0.05)。血清IL-34、suPAR联合预测哮喘患儿预后不良的ROC曲线下面积(AUC)为0.896(95%CI:0.842~0.936),大于IL-34单独预测的AUC(Z=2.636,P=0.008)与suPAR单独预测的AUC(Z=2.430,P=0.015)。结论哮喘患儿血清IL-34与suPAR水平上调,二者均是哮喘患儿预后不良的危险因素,对哮喘患儿预后有良好的预测价值且二者联合使用的预测效能更高。

血清sTREM-1、suPAR和sCD14水平对妊娠期肾病综合征妊娠结局不良的预测效能

目的观察血清可溶性髓系细胞触发受体-1(sTREM-1)、可溶性尿激酶型纤溶酶原激活物受体(suPAR)和可溶性CD14(sCD14)水平对妊娠期肾病综合征(NSP)患者妊娠结局不良的预测效能。方法选择2020年1月至2022年12月在该院诊断为NSP的患者98例作为NSP组,根据NSP患者24 h尿蛋白定量将其分为轻度蛋白尿组(32例)、中度蛋白尿组(22例)和重度蛋白尿组(44例)。另选择同期在本院定期产检的健康孕妇45例作为正常妊娠组。观察各组血清sTREM-1、suPAR和sCD14水平。采用二元Logistic回归分析影响妊娠结局不良的因素;采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析血清sTREM-1、suPAR和sCD14水平对妊娠结局不良的诊断效能。结果NSP组血清sTREM-1、suPAR和sCD14水平均明显高于正常妊娠组(P<0.05);重度蛋白尿组血清sTREM-1、suPAR和sCD14水平均明显高于中度蛋白尿组和轻度蛋白尿组,而中度蛋白尿组血清sTREM-1、suPAR和sCD14水平均明显高于轻度蛋白尿组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。根据妊娠结局的不同,将NSP患者分为妊娠结局不良组(25例)和妊娠结局良好组(73例)。妊娠结局不良组尿蛋白、同型半胱氨酸、sTREM-1、suPAR和sCD14水平均明显高于妊娠结局良好组(P<0.05)。二元Logistic回归分析结果发现血清sTREM-1、suPAR和sCD14水平升高是发生妊娠结局不良的危险因素(P<0.05)。血清sTREM-1、suPAR和sCD14水平联合检测NSP患者发生妊娠结局不良的灵敏度为88.0%,特异度为95.9%,曲线下面积(AUC)为0.924,明显高于sTREM-1(z=2.039,P=0.041)、suPAR(z=2.143,P=0.032)和sCD14(z=2.417,P=0.016)单独检测,但血清sTREM-1、suPAR和sCD14单独检测的AUC比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论血清sTREM-1、suPAR和sCD14可以作为评估NSP严重程度的检测指标,且三项联合检测有助于提高NSP患者发生妊娠结局不良的诊断效能。