BACKGROUND Non-invasive methods to diagnose non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH),an inflammatory subtype of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD),are currently unavailable.AIM To develop an integrinαvβ3-targeted m...BACKGROUND Non-invasive methods to diagnose non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH),an inflammatory subtype of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD),are currently unavailable.AIM To develop an integrinαvβ3-targeted molecular imaging modality to differentiate NASH.METHODS Integrinαvβ3 expression was assessed in Human LO2 hepatocytes Scultured with palmitic and oleic acids(FFA).Hepatic integrinαvβ3 expression was analyzed in rabbits fed a high-fat diet(HFD)and in rats fed a high-fat,high-carbohydrate diet(HFCD).After synthesis,cyclic arginine-glycine-aspartic acid peptide(cRGD)was labeled with gadolinium(Gd)and used as a contrast agent in magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)performed on mice fed with HFCD.RESULTS Integrinαvβ3 was markedly expressed on FFA-cultured hepatocytes,unlike the control hepatocytes.Hepatic integrinαvβ3 expression significantly increased in both HFD-fed rabbits and HFCD-fed rats as simple fatty liver(FL)progressed to steatohepatitis.The distribution of integrinαvβ3 in the liver of NASH cases largely overlapped with albumin-positive staining areas.In comparison to mice with simple FL,the relative liver MRI-T1 signal value at 60 minutes post-injection of Gd-labeled cRGD was significantly increased in mice with steatohepatitis(P<0.05),showing a positive correlation with the NAFLD activity score(r=0.945;P<0.01).Hepatic integrinαvβ3 expression was significantly upregulated during NASH development,with hepatocytes being the primary cells expressing integrinαvβ3.CONCLUSION After using Gd-labeled cRGD as a tracer,NASH was successfully distinguished by visualizing hepatic integrinαvβ3 expression with MRI.展开更多
Purpose: This study aimed to examine whether the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) could be increased by combining integrated slice-by-slice shimming (iShim) with a fat suppression (FS) method other than short-tau inversion...Purpose: This study aimed to examine whether the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) could be increased by combining integrated slice-by-slice shimming (iShim) with a fat suppression (FS) method other than short-tau inversion recovery (STIR) in diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and q-space imaging (qsi). Methods: We acquired DWI images (b-values: 0 and nine steps from 400 to 10,000 s/mm2 for six axes) using a prototypical single-shot echo planar imaging sequence by combining two types of shimming (3D Shim and iShim) and two types of FS (STIR and water excitation [WE]) in 10 volunteers. In the DWI study, the SNR for each b-value, FS effect in the b0 image, and distortion in the added image (b0 - b10,000) were evaluated for the above-mentioned four imaging methods. qsi involved original DWI images. In the qsi study, the SNR was evaluated. Results: With regard to both 3D Shim and iShim, the SNRs were significantly higher when using WE than when using STIR in b0 - b900 images (p Conclusion: The combination of iShim and WE has a high SNR on qsi.展开更多
Purpose： In order to further the understanding of Chinese Web users＇ image-seeking behavior, this study explores the kinds of images that Chinese Web users seek online and how they express their requests.Design/meth...Purpose： In order to further the understanding of Chinese Web users＇ image-seeking behavior, this study explores the kinds of images that Chinese Web users seek online and how they express their requests.Design/methodology/approach： We used five pairs of simulated keywords to collect 893 image-seeking questions from Baidu Zhidao. Then, we revised the subject category of questions to analyze popular image needs. In addition, we conducted content analysis and descriptive statistical analysis to identify image-seeking motivations and image features used in the requests in terms of the two theories of image feature classification and image use. Findings： Among the 893 questions, the image searches for entertainment accounted for 47.59%, more than the searches for professional knowledge （37.40%） and personal daily activities （15.01%）. With regard to motivation, over 60% of the questions were identified as used for learning, which is well over the proportion of questions used for illustrating. Thus, these questions requested images as sources of data rather than sources of objects. Non-visual features （47.58%） were used most frequently in question descriptions, slightly higher than semantic features （45.96%）. Users who lacked domain knowledge tended to use general words rather than specific words to describe their requests. However, not many users used syntactic featm＇es when seeking images. Nevertheless, most of the users had a fairly clear idea about what the target image should look like. Research limitations： We studied only one question and answer （Q＆A） community using five pairs of simulated keywords. Practical implications： The findings should be helpful in strengthening the functionality of Q＆A systems, promoting the theories of image feature classification, and shedding light on information literacy training.Originality/value： This study is one of the first research efforts that discusses Chinese Web users＇ daily image searches and querying behavior in natural language in a Q＆A community, which should help to further the understanding of the principles of image-seeking behavior among Chinese Web users.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81670513and Young Scientists Fund of the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81900511。
文摘BACKGROUND Non-invasive methods to diagnose non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH),an inflammatory subtype of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD),are currently unavailable.AIM To develop an integrinαvβ3-targeted molecular imaging modality to differentiate NASH.METHODS Integrinαvβ3 expression was assessed in Human LO2 hepatocytes Scultured with palmitic and oleic acids(FFA).Hepatic integrinαvβ3 expression was analyzed in rabbits fed a high-fat diet(HFD)and in rats fed a high-fat,high-carbohydrate diet(HFCD).After synthesis,cyclic arginine-glycine-aspartic acid peptide(cRGD)was labeled with gadolinium(Gd)and used as a contrast agent in magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)performed on mice fed with HFCD.RESULTS Integrinαvβ3 was markedly expressed on FFA-cultured hepatocytes,unlike the control hepatocytes.Hepatic integrinαvβ3 expression significantly increased in both HFD-fed rabbits and HFCD-fed rats as simple fatty liver(FL)progressed to steatohepatitis.The distribution of integrinαvβ3 in the liver of NASH cases largely overlapped with albumin-positive staining areas.In comparison to mice with simple FL,the relative liver MRI-T1 signal value at 60 minutes post-injection of Gd-labeled cRGD was significantly increased in mice with steatohepatitis(P<0.05),showing a positive correlation with the NAFLD activity score(r=0.945;P<0.01).Hepatic integrinαvβ3 expression was significantly upregulated during NASH development,with hepatocytes being the primary cells expressing integrinαvβ3.CONCLUSION After using Gd-labeled cRGD as a tracer,NASH was successfully distinguished by visualizing hepatic integrinαvβ3 expression with MRI.
文摘Purpose: This study aimed to examine whether the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) could be increased by combining integrated slice-by-slice shimming (iShim) with a fat suppression (FS) method other than short-tau inversion recovery (STIR) in diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and q-space imaging (qsi). Methods: We acquired DWI images (b-values: 0 and nine steps from 400 to 10,000 s/mm2 for six axes) using a prototypical single-shot echo planar imaging sequence by combining two types of shimming (3D Shim and iShim) and two types of FS (STIR and water excitation [WE]) in 10 volunteers. In the DWI study, the SNR for each b-value, FS effect in the b0 image, and distortion in the added image (b0 - b10,000) were evaluated for the above-mentioned four imaging methods. qsi involved original DWI images. In the qsi study, the SNR was evaluated. Results: With regard to both 3D Shim and iShim, the SNRs were significantly higher when using WE than when using STIR in b0 - b900 images (p Conclusion: The combination of iShim and WE has a high SNR on qsi.
基金supported by Humanities and Social Science Fund from the Chinese Ministry of Education (Grant No.: 11YJC870010)
文摘Purpose： In order to further the understanding of Chinese Web users＇ image-seeking behavior, this study explores the kinds of images that Chinese Web users seek online and how they express their requests.Design/methodology/approach： We used five pairs of simulated keywords to collect 893 image-seeking questions from Baidu Zhidao. Then, we revised the subject category of questions to analyze popular image needs. In addition, we conducted content analysis and descriptive statistical analysis to identify image-seeking motivations and image features used in the requests in terms of the two theories of image feature classification and image use. Findings： Among the 893 questions, the image searches for entertainment accounted for 47.59%, more than the searches for professional knowledge （37.40%） and personal daily activities （15.01%）. With regard to motivation, over 60% of the questions were identified as used for learning, which is well over the proportion of questions used for illustrating. Thus, these questions requested images as sources of data rather than sources of objects. Non-visual features （47.58%） were used most frequently in question descriptions, slightly higher than semantic features （45.96%）. Users who lacked domain knowledge tended to use general words rather than specific words to describe their requests. However, not many users used syntactic featm＇es when seeking images. Nevertheless, most of the users had a fairly clear idea about what the target image should look like. Research limitations： We studied only one question and answer （Q＆A） community using five pairs of simulated keywords. Practical implications： The findings should be helpful in strengthening the functionality of Q＆A systems, promoting the theories of image feature classification, and shedding light on information literacy training.Originality/value： This study is one of the first research efforts that discusses Chinese Web users＇ daily image searches and querying behavior in natural language in a Q＆A community, which should help to further the understanding of the principles of image-seeking behavior among Chinese Web users.
