BACKGROUND Cognitive reserve(CR)and the catechol-O-methyltransferase(COMT)Val/Met polymorphism are reportedly linked to negative symptoms in schizophrenia.However,the regulatory effect of the COMT genotype on the rela...BACKGROUND Cognitive reserve(CR)and the catechol-O-methyltransferase(COMT)Val/Met polymorphism are reportedly linked to negative symptoms in schizophrenia.However,the regulatory effect of the COMT genotype on the relationship between CR and negative symptoms is still unexamined.AIM To investigate whether the relationship between CR and negative symptoms could be regulated by the COMT Val/Met polymorphism.METHODS In a cross-sectional study,54 clinically stable patients with schizophrenia underwent assessments for the COMT genotype,CR,and negative symptoms.CR was estimated using scores in the information and similarities subtests of a short form of the Chinese version of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale.RESULTS COMT Met-carriers exhibited fewer negative symptoms than Val homozygotes.In the total sample,significant negative correlations were found between negative symptoms and information,similarities.Associations between information,similarities and negative symptoms were observed in Val homozygotes only,with information and similarities showing interaction effects with the COMT genotype in relation to negative symptoms(information,β=-0.282,95%CI:-0.552 to-0.011,P=0.042;similarities,β=-0.250,95%CI:-0.495 to-0.004,P=0.046).CONCLUSION This study provides initial evidence that the association between negative symptoms and CR is under the regulation of the COMT genotype in schizophrenia.展开更多
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor is the most prevalent member of the nerve growth factor family.Since its discovery in 1978,this enigmatic molecule has spawned more than 27,000 publications,most of which are focused ...Brain-derived neurotrophic factor is the most prevalent member of the nerve growth factor family.Since its discovery in 1978,this enigmatic molecule has spawned more than 27,000 publications,most of which are focused on neurological disorders.Brain-derived neurotrophic factor is indispensable during embryogenesis and postnatally for the normal development and function of both the central and peripheral nervous systems.It is becoming increasingly clear,however,that brain-derived neurotrophic factor likewise plays crucial roles in a variety of other biological functions independently of sympathetic or parasympathetic involvement.Brain-derived neurotrophic factor is also increasingly recognized as a sophisticated environmental sensor and master coordinator of whole organismal physiology.To that point,we recently found that a common nonsynonymous(Val66→Met)single nucleotide polymorphism in the brain-derived neurotrophic factor gene(rs6265)not only substantially alters basal cardiac transcriptomics in mice but subtly influences heart gene expression and function differentially in males and females.In addition to a short description of recent results from associative neuropsychiatric studies,this review provides an eclectic assortment of research reports that support a modulatory role for rs6265 including and beyond the central nervous system.展开更多
以提高作物产量为目的的高光效研究已成为作物育种学和栽培学共同关注的热点问题.针对寡日照限制我国特别是西南地区水稻产量提升这一问题,以前期研究获得的嘌呤合成途径基因(VAL1)水稻植株(VAL1-OE)为材料,从确定光能利用效率提升的限...以提高作物产量为目的的高光效研究已成为作物育种学和栽培学共同关注的热点问题.针对寡日照限制我国特别是西南地区水稻产量提升这一问题,以前期研究获得的嘌呤合成途径基因(VAL1)水稻植株(VAL1-OE)为材料,从确定光能利用效率提升的限制因子入手,利用其光合色素质量分数和光合速率均显著提高这一特点,开展水稻光合调控生理机制研究.结果表明:VAL1-OE水稻叶片叶绿体发育和光合相关基因,如捕光复合体II叶绿素a/b结合蛋白基因(LhcpII),编码PS I P700叶绿素a脱辅基蛋白A1基因(psaA),PS II D1蛋白基因(psbA),细胞色素f脱辅基蛋白基因(petA),细胞色素b6-f复合体小亚基基因(petG),核酮糖-1,5-二磷酸羧化酶/加氧酶大亚基基因(rbcL),核酮糖-1,5-二磷酸羧化酶/加氧酶小亚基基因(RbcS)和叶绿体ATP合成酶α亚基基因(atpA),这些编码基因转录水平均显著上调.此外,VAL1-OE水稻叶片比叶质量、光合色素质量分数显著增高.在低光和高光条件下,电子传递速率(ETR)、净光合速率(A)和光能利用效率(LUE)均显著高于野生型水稻叶片,但VAL1-OE水稻单株面积较低,干物质累积和产量未显著增加.研究结果显示:超表达VAL1水稻优化叶片光能吸收、电子传递和碳同化是提高光合作用和光能利用效率的关键.光合面积较小成为制约VAL1超表达水稻获得更多干物质累积和产量的主要因素.以VAL1超表达水稻为基础,在实现高光合能力的同时,培育高叶面积表型材料,提高光合作用面积是进一步提高该水稻材料干物质累积量和产量的突破口.展开更多
目的:研究海南地区汉族人群、黎族人群、脑梗死患者、冠心病患者FⅧ val 34Leu分布特点。方法:用聚合酶链反应、限制性片段长度多态性分析及核苷酸顺序测定检测205名汉族正常人、236名黎族正常人、196例脑梗死患者、188例冠心病患者(心...目的:研究海南地区汉族人群、黎族人群、脑梗死患者、冠心病患者FⅧ val 34Leu分布特点。方法:用聚合酶链反应、限制性片段长度多态性分析及核苷酸顺序测定检测205名汉族正常人、236名黎族正常人、196例脑梗死患者、188例冠心病患者(心肌梗死/非心肌梗死,55/133)FⅩⅢA链 Val 34 Leu多态性。结果:汉族人群、黎族人群、脑梗死组未发现Val 34 Leu多态性,在冠心病组中发现1例Val 34 Leu杂合子。结论:FⅧ Val 34 Leu变异在中国人群中不是多态性,与缺血性心脑血管疾病没有关联,不是中国人群中防止动脉血栓性疾病的保护性因素。展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81971250 and No.82171501Beijing Hospitals Authority Clinical Medicine Development of Special Funding Support,No.ZLRK202335Early Psychosis Cohort Program of Beijing Anding Hospital,No.ADDL-03.
文摘BACKGROUND Cognitive reserve(CR)and the catechol-O-methyltransferase(COMT)Val/Met polymorphism are reportedly linked to negative symptoms in schizophrenia.However,the regulatory effect of the COMT genotype on the relationship between CR and negative symptoms is still unexamined.AIM To investigate whether the relationship between CR and negative symptoms could be regulated by the COMT Val/Met polymorphism.METHODS In a cross-sectional study,54 clinically stable patients with schizophrenia underwent assessments for the COMT genotype,CR,and negative symptoms.CR was estimated using scores in the information and similarities subtests of a short form of the Chinese version of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale.RESULTS COMT Met-carriers exhibited fewer negative symptoms than Val homozygotes.In the total sample,significant negative correlations were found between negative symptoms and information,similarities.Associations between information,similarities and negative symptoms were observed in Val homozygotes only,with information and similarities showing interaction effects with the COMT genotype in relation to negative symptoms(information,β=-0.282,95%CI:-0.552 to-0.011,P=0.042;similarities,β=-0.250,95%CI:-0.495 to-0.004,P=0.046).CONCLUSION This study provides initial evidence that the association between negative symptoms and CR is under the regulation of the COMT genotype in schizophrenia.
基金supported by a Kentucky INBRE IDeA grant (P20GM103436)(to CLG)a New Investigator Start-up Grant from Ogden College of Science (to CLG)the WKU Ogden College of Science (to CLG)
文摘Brain-derived neurotrophic factor is the most prevalent member of the nerve growth factor family.Since its discovery in 1978,this enigmatic molecule has spawned more than 27,000 publications,most of which are focused on neurological disorders.Brain-derived neurotrophic factor is indispensable during embryogenesis and postnatally for the normal development and function of both the central and peripheral nervous systems.It is becoming increasingly clear,however,that brain-derived neurotrophic factor likewise plays crucial roles in a variety of other biological functions independently of sympathetic or parasympathetic involvement.Brain-derived neurotrophic factor is also increasingly recognized as a sophisticated environmental sensor and master coordinator of whole organismal physiology.To that point,we recently found that a common nonsynonymous(Val66→Met)single nucleotide polymorphism in the brain-derived neurotrophic factor gene(rs6265)not only substantially alters basal cardiac transcriptomics in mice but subtly influences heart gene expression and function differentially in males and females.In addition to a short description of recent results from associative neuropsychiatric studies,this review provides an eclectic assortment of research reports that support a modulatory role for rs6265 including and beyond the central nervous system.
文摘以提高作物产量为目的的高光效研究已成为作物育种学和栽培学共同关注的热点问题.针对寡日照限制我国特别是西南地区水稻产量提升这一问题,以前期研究获得的嘌呤合成途径基因(VAL1)水稻植株(VAL1-OE)为材料,从确定光能利用效率提升的限制因子入手,利用其光合色素质量分数和光合速率均显著提高这一特点,开展水稻光合调控生理机制研究.结果表明:VAL1-OE水稻叶片叶绿体发育和光合相关基因,如捕光复合体II叶绿素a/b结合蛋白基因(LhcpII),编码PS I P700叶绿素a脱辅基蛋白A1基因(psaA),PS II D1蛋白基因(psbA),细胞色素f脱辅基蛋白基因(petA),细胞色素b6-f复合体小亚基基因(petG),核酮糖-1,5-二磷酸羧化酶/加氧酶大亚基基因(rbcL),核酮糖-1,5-二磷酸羧化酶/加氧酶小亚基基因(RbcS)和叶绿体ATP合成酶α亚基基因(atpA),这些编码基因转录水平均显著上调.此外,VAL1-OE水稻叶片比叶质量、光合色素质量分数显著增高.在低光和高光条件下,电子传递速率(ETR)、净光合速率(A)和光能利用效率(LUE)均显著高于野生型水稻叶片,但VAL1-OE水稻单株面积较低,干物质累积和产量未显著增加.研究结果显示:超表达VAL1水稻优化叶片光能吸收、电子传递和碳同化是提高光合作用和光能利用效率的关键.光合面积较小成为制约VAL1超表达水稻获得更多干物质累积和产量的主要因素.以VAL1超表达水稻为基础,在实现高光合能力的同时,培育高叶面积表型材料,提高光合作用面积是进一步提高该水稻材料干物质累积量和产量的突破口.
文摘目的:研究海南地区汉族人群、黎族人群、脑梗死患者、冠心病患者FⅧ val 34Leu分布特点。方法:用聚合酶链反应、限制性片段长度多态性分析及核苷酸顺序测定检测205名汉族正常人、236名黎族正常人、196例脑梗死患者、188例冠心病患者(心肌梗死/非心肌梗死,55/133)FⅩⅢA链 Val 34 Leu多态性。结果:汉族人群、黎族人群、脑梗死组未发现Val 34 Leu多态性,在冠心病组中发现1例Val 34 Leu杂合子。结论:FⅧ Val 34 Leu变异在中国人群中不是多态性,与缺血性心脑血管疾病没有关联,不是中国人群中防止动脉血栓性疾病的保护性因素。
