Background-A prior diagnosis of diabetes mellitus is associated with adverse outcomes after acute myocardial infarction(MI), but the risk associated with a new diagnosis of diabetes in this setting has not been well d...Background-A prior diagnosis of diabetes mellitus is associated with adverse outcomes after acute myocardial infarction(MI), but the risk associated with a new diagnosis of diabetes in this setting has not been well defined. Methods and Results-We assessed the risk of death and major cardiovascular events associated with previously known and newly diagnosed diabetes by studying 14 703 patients with acute MI enrolled in the VALsartan In Acute myocardial iNfarcTion(VALIANT) trial. Patients were grouped by diabetic status: previously known diabetes (insulin use or diagnosis of diabetes before MI, n=3400, 23%); newly diagnosed diabetes(use of diabetic therapy or diabetes diagnosed at randomization[median 4.9 d after infarction], but no known diabetes at presentation, n=580, 4%); or no diabetes(n=10 719). Patients with newly diagnosed diabetes were younger and had fewer comorbid conditions than did patients with previously known diabetes. At 1 year after enrollment, patients with previously known and newly diagnosed diabetes had similarly increased adjusted risks of mortality(hazard ratio 1.43; 95%confidence interval, 1.29 to 1.59 and HR, 1.50; 95%CI, 1.21 to 1.85, respectively) and cardiovascular events (HR, 1.37; 95%CI, 1.27 to 1.48 and HR, 1.34; 95%CI, 1.14 to 1.56). Conclusions-Diabetes mellitus, whether newly diagnosed or previously known, is associated with poorer long-term outcomes after MI in high-risk patients. The poor prognosis of patients with newly diagnosed diabetes, despite having baseline characteristics similar to those of patients without diabetes, supports the idea that metabolic abnormalities contribute to their adverse outcomes.展开更多
New rules for this year＇s national college entrance examination, or gaokao in Mandarin, which takes place from June 7 to 9 every year, sparked heated debate among the public in China. Before gaokao in 2014, some prov...New rules for this year＇s national college entrance examination, or gaokao in Mandarin, which takes place from June 7 to 9 every year, sparked heated debate among the public in China. Before gaokao in 2014, some provincial education authorities released a new policy stipulating that gaokao applicants may receive 10 to 20 extra points if they have ＂excellent morality＂ or have records of helping others for a just cause.展开更多
该文讨论了全连接结构的光交换网络在Hose不确定模型下的动态选路问题,并基于Valiant负载平衡机制,提出了一种新的动态选路算法--.分配系数可调的负载平衡选路算法(Load Balancing with Adjustable Distribution Fraction,LBADF)。LBAD...该文讨论了全连接结构的光交换网络在Hose不确定模型下的动态选路问题,并基于Valiant负载平衡机制,提出了一种新的动态选路算法--.分配系数可调的负载平衡选路算法(Load Balancing with Adjustable Distribution Fraction,LBADF)。LBADF算法根据网络中各条链路上空闲光路的数目对Valiant负载平衡机制中的分配系数进行动态的调整,从而达到优化网络性能的目的。计算机仿真表明LBADF算法相对于分配系数恒定的VLB算法具有更小的全网呼损率,同时也相应地降低了全网中所有节点对的最大呼损率。展开更多
文摘Background-A prior diagnosis of diabetes mellitus is associated with adverse outcomes after acute myocardial infarction(MI), but the risk associated with a new diagnosis of diabetes in this setting has not been well defined. Methods and Results-We assessed the risk of death and major cardiovascular events associated with previously known and newly diagnosed diabetes by studying 14 703 patients with acute MI enrolled in the VALsartan In Acute myocardial iNfarcTion(VALIANT) trial. Patients were grouped by diabetic status: previously known diabetes (insulin use or diagnosis of diabetes before MI, n=3400, 23%); newly diagnosed diabetes(use of diabetic therapy or diabetes diagnosed at randomization[median 4.9 d after infarction], but no known diabetes at presentation, n=580, 4%); or no diabetes(n=10 719). Patients with newly diagnosed diabetes were younger and had fewer comorbid conditions than did patients with previously known diabetes. At 1 year after enrollment, patients with previously known and newly diagnosed diabetes had similarly increased adjusted risks of mortality(hazard ratio 1.43; 95%confidence interval, 1.29 to 1.59 and HR, 1.50; 95%CI, 1.21 to 1.85, respectively) and cardiovascular events (HR, 1.37; 95%CI, 1.27 to 1.48 and HR, 1.34; 95%CI, 1.14 to 1.56). Conclusions-Diabetes mellitus, whether newly diagnosed or previously known, is associated with poorer long-term outcomes after MI in high-risk patients. The poor prognosis of patients with newly diagnosed diabetes, despite having baseline characteristics similar to those of patients without diabetes, supports the idea that metabolic abnormalities contribute to their adverse outcomes.
文摘New rules for this year＇s national college entrance examination, or gaokao in Mandarin, which takes place from June 7 to 9 every year, sparked heated debate among the public in China. Before gaokao in 2014, some provincial education authorities released a new policy stipulating that gaokao applicants may receive 10 to 20 extra points if they have ＂excellent morality＂ or have records of helping others for a just cause.
文摘该文讨论了全连接结构的光交换网络在Hose不确定模型下的动态选路问题,并基于Valiant负载平衡机制,提出了一种新的动态选路算法--.分配系数可调的负载平衡选路算法(Load Balancing with Adjustable Distribution Fraction,LBADF)。LBADF算法根据网络中各条链路上空闲光路的数目对Valiant负载平衡机制中的分配系数进行动态的调整,从而达到优化网络性能的目的。计算机仿真表明LBADF算法相对于分配系数恒定的VLB算法具有更小的全网呼损率,同时也相应地降低了全网中所有节点对的最大呼损率。
