The last half-century was transformed by the electronic revolution that essentially reproduced the human brain and its computing capacity on a chip. But over time, scientists have realized that something was missing t...The last half-century was transformed by the electronic revolution that essentially reproduced the human brain and its computing capacity on a chip. But over time, scientists have realized that something was missing to give life, so to speak, to the small chip with a brain： One needed to awaken its senses and develop its muscles! This challenge was solved through MEMS （micro electro mechanical systems）. Indeed, MEMS today are equipped with the sense of sight, smell, hearing, taste and touch through microsensors. They are also capable of physical exertion through small muscles called microactuators. These new capabilities open wide fields of imagination and important specific applications.展开更多
Surface-emitting semiconductor lasers can make use of external cavities and optical pumping techniques to achieve a combination of high continuous-wave output power and near-diffraction-limited beam quality that is no...Surface-emitting semiconductor lasers can make use of external cavities and optical pumping techniques to achieve a combination of high continuous-wave output power and near-diffraction-limited beam quality that is not matched by any other type of semiconductor source. The ready access to the laser mode that the external cavity provides has been exploited for applications such as intra-cavity frequency doubling and passive mode-locking.展开更多
The use of cavity to manipulate photon emission of quantum dots （QDs） has been opening unprecedented opportunities for realizing quantum functional nanophotonic devices and quantum information devices. In particular...The use of cavity to manipulate photon emission of quantum dots （QDs） has been opening unprecedented opportunities for realizing quantum functional nanophotonic devices and quantum information devices. In particular, in the field of semiconductor lasers, QDs were introduced as a superior alternative to quantum wells （QWs） to suppress the temperature dependence of the threshold current in vertical-external-cavity surfaceemitting lasers （VECSELs）. In this work, a review of properties and development of semiconductor VECSEL devices and QD laser devices is given. Based on the features of VECSEL devices, the main emphasis is put on the recent development of technological approach on semiconductor QD VECSELs. Then, from the viewpoint of both single QD nanolaser and cavity quantum electro- dynamics （QED）, a single-QD-cavity system resulting from the strong coupling of QD cavity is presented. In this review, we will cover both fundamental aspects and technological approaches of QD VECSEL devices. Lastly, the presented review here has provided deep insight into useful guideline for the development of QD VECSEL technology, future quantum functional nanophotonic devices and monolithic photonic integrated circuits （MPhlCs）.展开更多
Optically pumped lasers based on solution-processed thin-film gain media have recently emerged as low-cost,broadly tunable,and versatile active photonics components that can fit any substrate and are useful for,e.g.,c...Optically pumped lasers based on solution-processed thin-film gain media have recently emerged as low-cost,broadly tunable,and versatile active photonics components that can fit any substrate and are useful for,e.g.,chemo-or biosensing or visible spectroscopy.Although single-mode operation has been demonstrated in various resonator architectures with a large variety of gain media-including dye-doped polymers,organic semiconductors,and,more recently,hybrid perovskites-the reported linewidths are typically on the order of a fraction of a nanometer or broader,i.e.,the coherence lengths are no longer than a few millimeters,which does not enable high-resolution spectroscopy or coherent sensing.The linewidth is fundamentally constrained by the short photon cavity lifetime in the standard resonator geometries.We demonstrate here a novel structure for an organic thin-film solid-state laser that is based on a vertical external cavity,wherein a holographic volume Bragg grating ensures both spectral selection and output coupling in an otherwise very compact(,cm3)design.Under short-pulse(0.4 ns)pumping,Fourier-transform-limited laser pulses are obtained,with a full width at half-maximum linewidth of 900 MHz(1.25 pm).Using 20-ns-long pump pulses,the linewidth can be further reduced to 200 MHz(0.26 pm),which is four times above the Fourier limit and corresponds to an unprecedented coherence length of 1m.The concept is potentially transferrable to any type of thin-film laser and can be ultimately made tunable;it also represents a very compact alternative to bulky grating systems in dye lasers.展开更多
The fully self-consistent model of modern semiconductor lasers used to design their advanced structures and to understand more deeply their properties is given in the present paper. Operation of semiconductor lasers d...The fully self-consistent model of modern semiconductor lasers used to design their advanced structures and to understand more deeply their properties is given in the present paper. Operation of semiconductor lasers de- pends not only on many optical, electrical, thermal, recombination, and sometimes mechanical phenomena taking place within their volumes but also on numerous mutual interactions between these phenomena. Their experimental investigation is quite complex, mostly because of miniature device sizes. Therefore, the most convenient and exact method to analyze expected laser operation and to determine laser optimal structures for various applications is to examine the details of their performance with the aid of a simulation of laser operation in various considered condi- tions. Such a simulation of an operation of semiconductor lasers is presented in this paper in a full complexity of all mutual interactions between the above individual physical processes. In particular, the hole-buming effect has been discussed. The impacts on laser performance introduced by oxide apertures （their sizes and localization） have been analyzed in detail. Also, some important details concerning the operation of various types of semiconductor lasers are discussed. The results of some applications of semiconductor lasers are shown for successive laser structures.展开更多
This paper reviews and discusses recent developments in passively mode-locked vertical external cavity surface emitting lasers （ML-VECSELs） for short pulse generation at 1.55 gin. After comparing ML- VECSELs to othe...This paper reviews and discusses recent developments in passively mode-locked vertical external cavity surface emitting lasers （ML-VECSELs） for short pulse generation at 1.55 gin. After comparing ML- VECSELs to other options for short pulse generation, we reviewed the results of ML-VECSELs operating at telecommunication wavelength and point out the chal- lenges in achieving sub-picosecond operation from a ML- VECSEL at 1.55 gm. We described our recent work in the VECSELs and semiconductor saturable absorber mirrors （SESAMs）, their structure design, optimization and characterization, with the goal of moving the pulse width from picosecond to sub-picosecond.展开更多
文摘The last half-century was transformed by the electronic revolution that essentially reproduced the human brain and its computing capacity on a chip. But over time, scientists have realized that something was missing to give life, so to speak, to the small chip with a brain： One needed to awaken its senses and develop its muscles! This challenge was solved through MEMS （micro electro mechanical systems）. Indeed, MEMS today are equipped with the sense of sight, smell, hearing, taste and touch through microsensors. They are also capable of physical exertion through small muscles called microactuators. These new capabilities open wide fields of imagination and important specific applications.
文摘Surface-emitting semiconductor lasers can make use of external cavities and optical pumping techniques to achieve a combination of high continuous-wave output power and near-diffraction-limited beam quality that is not matched by any other type of semiconductor source. The ready access to the laser mode that the external cavity provides has been exploited for applications such as intra-cavity frequency doubling and passive mode-locking.
文摘The use of cavity to manipulate photon emission of quantum dots （QDs） has been opening unprecedented opportunities for realizing quantum functional nanophotonic devices and quantum information devices. In particular, in the field of semiconductor lasers, QDs were introduced as a superior alternative to quantum wells （QWs） to suppress the temperature dependence of the threshold current in vertical-external-cavity surfaceemitting lasers （VECSELs）. In this work, a review of properties and development of semiconductor VECSEL devices and QD laser devices is given. Based on the features of VECSEL devices, the main emphasis is put on the recent development of technological approach on semiconductor QD VECSELs. Then, from the viewpoint of both single QD nanolaser and cavity quantum electro- dynamics （QED）, a single-QD-cavity system resulting from the strong coupling of QD cavity is presented. In this review, we will cover both fundamental aspects and technological approaches of QD VECSEL devices. Lastly, the presented review here has provided deep insight into useful guideline for the development of QD VECSEL technology, future quantum functional nanophotonic devices and monolithic photonic integrated circuits （MPhlCs）.
基金the Agence Nationale de la Recherche(grant ANR-12-EMMA-0040‘‘Vecspresso’’project)the Region Ile de France(DIMNano’K)the LABEX SEAM for funding this work.
文摘Optically pumped lasers based on solution-processed thin-film gain media have recently emerged as low-cost,broadly tunable,and versatile active photonics components that can fit any substrate and are useful for,e.g.,chemo-or biosensing or visible spectroscopy.Although single-mode operation has been demonstrated in various resonator architectures with a large variety of gain media-including dye-doped polymers,organic semiconductors,and,more recently,hybrid perovskites-the reported linewidths are typically on the order of a fraction of a nanometer or broader,i.e.,the coherence lengths are no longer than a few millimeters,which does not enable high-resolution spectroscopy or coherent sensing.The linewidth is fundamentally constrained by the short photon cavity lifetime in the standard resonator geometries.We demonstrate here a novel structure for an organic thin-film solid-state laser that is based on a vertical external cavity,wherein a holographic volume Bragg grating ensures both spectral selection and output coupling in an otherwise very compact(,cm3)design.Under short-pulse(0.4 ns)pumping,Fourier-transform-limited laser pulses are obtained,with a full width at half-maximum linewidth of 900 MHz(1.25 pm).Using 20-ns-long pump pulses,the linewidth can be further reduced to 200 MHz(0.26 pm),which is four times above the Fourier limit and corresponds to an unprecedented coherence length of 1m.The concept is potentially transferrable to any type of thin-film laser and can be ultimately made tunable;it also represents a very compact alternative to bulky grating systems in dye lasers.
基金the partial support from the Polish National Science Centre (2014/13/B/ST7/00633)
文摘The fully self-consistent model of modern semiconductor lasers used to design their advanced structures and to understand more deeply their properties is given in the present paper. Operation of semiconductor lasers de- pends not only on many optical, electrical, thermal, recombination, and sometimes mechanical phenomena taking place within their volumes but also on numerous mutual interactions between these phenomena. Their experimental investigation is quite complex, mostly because of miniature device sizes. Therefore, the most convenient and exact method to analyze expected laser operation and to determine laser optimal structures for various applications is to examine the details of their performance with the aid of a simulation of laser operation in various considered condi- tions. Such a simulation of an operation of semiconductor lasers is presented in this paper in a full complexity of all mutual interactions between the above individual physical processes. In particular, the hole-buming effect has been discussed. The impacts on laser performance introduced by oxide apertures （their sizes and localization） have been analyzed in detail. Also, some important details concerning the operation of various types of semiconductor lasers are discussed. The results of some applications of semiconductor lasers are shown for successive laser structures.
文摘This paper reviews and discusses recent developments in passively mode-locked vertical external cavity surface emitting lasers （ML-VECSELs） for short pulse generation at 1.55 gin. After comparing ML- VECSELs to other options for short pulse generation, we reviewed the results of ML-VECSELs operating at telecommunication wavelength and point out the chal- lenges in achieving sub-picosecond operation from a ML- VECSEL at 1.55 gm. We described our recent work in the VECSELs and semiconductor saturable absorber mirrors （SESAMs）, their structure design, optimization and characterization, with the goal of moving the pulse width from picosecond to sub-picosecond.
