Geographical Distribution and Morphological Variability of the Rapid Racerunner,Eremias velox (Pallas,1771)(Reptilia,Lacertidae) in the Eastern Periphery of Its Range

Phenotypic traits are usually correlated with the environment where organism occurs. In this study, the distribution of Eremias velox in the eastern periphery of its range was specified, and its morphological variation was analyzed. Linear dimensions, pholidosis, coloration and pattern features were compared among 135 specimens from nine populations inhabiting the Balkhash, Ili and Alakol basins, Junggar and Turpan depressions in the territory of Southeast Kazakhstan and Xinjiang, Northwest China. The populations from the Junggar Depression(Kuytun, Shihezi and Urumqi) were characterized by higher mean values of linear characters, the number of scales across the middle of the body and gular, and were similar in the dominant coloration patterns. Small size, dark coloration and almost complete dominance of the striped-type coloration pattern among the specimens from the Alakol Lake islands seem to have an adaptive significance associated with the isolation of the population and type of their habitats. The subspecies Eremias velox roborowskii(endemic to the Turpan Depression) is elevated to species level, as supported by morphological divergence congruent with molecular and geographical data, including its peculiar type of coloration pattern, significantly lower amount of femoral pores and a higher percentage of specimens with one enlarged preanal scale(72.7%). These results together confirm a high degree of variability in morphology for E.veloх in the eastern periphery of its range, reflecting a complex orography and the existence of multiple geographical barriers in this territory.

Molecular Assessment and Taxonomic Status of the Rapid Racerunner (Eremias velox complex) with Particular Attention to the Populations in Northwestern China

The rapid racerunner,Eremias velox,is a widely distributed lizard from the northern Caucasus across entire Central Asia eastward to China.It is increasingly common to accept E.velox as a species complex in its entire range.To date,published morphological and molecular systematic hypotheses of this complex are only partially congruent,and its taxonomic status and evolutionary history are still far from clear.The mitochondrial cytochrome b gene and12S rRNA sequences were used to evaluate the taxonomy of this complex,with particular attention to the phylogenetic placement of populations in northwestern China.Examination of the phylogenetic analyses recovers seven distinct,biogeographically discrete,and well-supported clades,revealing genetically identifiable populations corresponding to some previously morphology-defined subspecies.Chinese E.v.roborowskii appears to have split from other Central Asian rapid racerunner lizards well before differentiation occurred among the latter taxa.Specifically,we corroborate that there are two subspecies occurring in China,i.e.,E.v.velox and E.v.roborowskii.We recommend a novel subspecific status for the phenotypically and genetically distinct populations in southern Aral Sea region of Uzbekistan previously assigned to E.v.velox.Finally,each of the three independently evolving lineages from Iranian Plateau should be recognized as three species new to science under the general lineage concept.

意大利Fadis公司的VELOX系列络筒机

在5th OTEMAS上,Fadis公司将展出一系列为满足纺织工业需要而设计的络筒机。该公司将展出以下最新设计的机器: 1.适用于短纤纱的VELOX型高速络筒机 可用于:——松式络筒(VELOX/F型) ——倒筒(VELOX型) ——并线(VELOX/B型) 装备导纱器的VELOX系列络筒机、并线机、松式络筒机是采用先进材料和非常精密的机构的技术结晶,速度非常快,适应性好,是该领域中独一无二的,它们适用于加工短纤纱(以毛、棉、聚丙烯腈类纤维为原料的纱以及混纺纱等等)。 VELOX系列络筒机、并线机、松式络筒机的主要优点如下:

新疆快步麻蜥的鳞片变异与亚种分化

对采自新疆境内的塔城地区、伊犁地区、准噶尔盆地、乌鲁木齐市和吐鲁番盆地的快步麻蜥5个地理种群共287号标本进行观测,分析其鳞片变异式样,并在此基础上探讨亚种分化。根据变异率将鳞片分为三类:1)没有变异,如腹部横列鳞数;2)变异率在30%以下,包括上下唇鳞、颔片数等;3)变异率均超过30%,包括股孔数、股孔间鳞数、腹面横列鳞行数和颔片到领围鳞数等。对8个形态学量度指标及7个鳞片数量指标的差异系数进行统计分析,结果显示种群间的各指标均未达到亚种分化的差异显著性标准,暗示研究区域内的快步麻蜥在形态上没有亚种分化。结果表明快步麻蜥东方亚种的有效性有待进一步研究确定。

云斑斜线天蛾在我国的适生性及限制性环境因子分析

云斑斜线天蛾是一种为害抗风桐的迁飞性昆虫,在我国西沙群岛多个岛屿发生。阐明云斑斜线天蛾在我国的适生区分布及其主要限制环境因子,可为该害虫扩散预警与防控提供理论依据。本文利用MaxEnt模型对云斑斜线天蛾在我国的潜在适生区进行预测,通过调整调控倍频和特征组合参数建立最优模型,使用刀切法及环境变量响应曲线对影响云斑斜线天蛾分布的环境因子进行评估。结果表明:云斑斜线天蛾在我国的潜在适生区位于海南、台湾、广东、广西、云南、贵州、湖南、江西、福建、浙江、安徽、湖北、四川、重庆、西藏;最冷月最低温(bio06)、昼夜温差月均值(bio02)、最暖季降水量(bio18)是影响云斑斜线天蛾潜在地理分布的主导环境因子。云斑斜线天蛾在我国南海诸岛具有较高危险性,建议建立监测预警与防控系统,将该害虫控制在合理水平。

新疆吐鲁番发现快步麻蜥指名亚种

快步麻蜥复合体(Eremias velox complex)分布于亚洲中部干旱区,不同地理居群形态和遗传变异较大。学界长期认为,快步麻蜥在我国有两个亚种:指名亚种(E.velox velox)和E.v.roborowskii亚种。前者分布于新疆准噶尔盆地和伊犁河谷;后者分布于新疆吐鲁番盆地,近年分类地位由亚种提升为种——吐鲁番麻蜥(E.roborowskii)。我们在吐鲁番市高昌区一万泉附近捕获到3只麻蜥,经过COI基因序列比对和系统发育关系重建以及外部形态比较,鉴定为快步麻蜥指名亚种。这是首次发现新疆天山以南存在快步麻蜥指名亚种分布,同时也确定为吐鲁番盆地的蜥蜴类分布新记录种,此发现可为研究快步麻蜥的谱系地理格局和演化历史提供基础资料。

不同基质上快步麻蜥的运动表现及其与形态特征的相关性

利用采自新疆霍城县图开沙漠的22只(12雌,10雄)成体快步麻蜥(Eremias velox),测量其11项外部形态特征及体重,并在最适温度下进行运动性能测试,探讨不同基质上快步麻蜥的运动表现及其与形态特征之间的相关性。结果表明:快步麻蜥雄性个体的头体长显著大于雌性个体,在泥土基质上,雄性个体的最大冲刺速度显著大于雌性个体,而雌性个体的耐力显著大于雄性个体。雄性个体的头体长与泥土基质上的最大冲刺速度呈显著正相关,而雌雄两性个体的体重均与沙子基质上的最大冲刺速度呈显著负相关。基质类型影响雄性个体的最大冲刺速度,表现为其在泥土基质上的最大冲刺速度和加速度均显著大于沙子基质。而雌性个体的耐力受基质类型影响,表现为在沙子基质的耐力显著小于其余基质。这样,快步麻蜥的最大冲刺速度与耐力之间存在一定程度的权衡,且形态特征和基质类型对不同性别快步麻蜥运动表现的影响有显著差异。

快步麻蜥断尾及其再生的实验研究

本文对 1 0 4只快步麻蜥人工断尾和再生能力 ,断尾愈合 ,芽基形成及生长和在生尾表皮分化过程进行了实验研究 ,结果表明 ,快步麻蜥断尾后 ,一般都能再生 ,长出再生尾 ,再生尾长约 1 1 - 2 8mm。断尾再生过程包括伤面愈合 ,再生芽基形成 ,芽基生长和分化等四个阶段。断尾发后在距肛孔 5mm以内 ,则没有再生 ,只是伤口愈合。

快步麻蜥的核型观察

快步麻晰（Eremiasvelox）隶属晰蜴科麻晰属，在我国分布于内蒙、宁夏、甘肃和新疆，在国外多分布于前苏联、土耳其等地。本文以骨髓和精集为材料，观察分析了快步麻晰的枝型，结果表明，快步麻顺利的染色体数2n＝38，NF＝38，核型公式为：2n＝36I＋2m，精母细胞减数分裂中期I中二价体为19条，与体细胞有丝分裂情况相符，雌雄个体均无明显异型性染色体，与同属的虫纹麻晰比较，快步麻晰属于比较原始的种类。