Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide secreting tumors （VIPoma） are one kind of rare endocrine tumor which is mostly located in the pancreas.The annual incidence was estimated to be about 1 per 10 000 000 individuals in...Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide secreting tumors （VIPoma） are one kind of rare endocrine tumor which is mostly located in the pancreas.The annual incidence was estimated to be about 1 per 10 000 000 individuals in general population.1 The VIPoma is usually associated with Verner-Morrison syndrome following tremendous over-secretion of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide （VIP）, which consisted of water diarrhea,hypokalemia and achlorhydria.This syndrome has been termed pancreatic cholera, watery diarrhea syndrome.展开更多
Vasoactive intestinal peptide(VIP)secreting tumour(VIPoma)is a rare functional neuroendocrine tumour that typically arises from pancreatic islet cells.These present as sporadic,solitary pancreatic neoplasias with an e...Vasoactive intestinal peptide(VIP)secreting tumour(VIPoma)is a rare functional neuroendocrine tumour that typically arises from pancreatic islet cells.These present as sporadic,solitary pancreatic neoplasias with an estimated incidence of one in ten million individuals per year.Only around 5%of VIPomas are associated with multiple endocrine neoplasia type I syndrome.Excessive VIP secretion produces a clinical syndrome characterized by refractory watery diarrhoea,hypokalemia and metabolic acidosis.These coupled with elevated plasma levels of VIP are diagnostic.The majority of VIPomas are malignant and have already metastasized at the time of diagnosis(60%).Metastases occur most frequently in the liver,or regional lymph nodes,lungs,kidneys and bones.Some reports of skin metastases have been documented.Complete surgical resection continues to be the only potentially curative treatment.However,when the neoplasia cannot be excised completely,surgical debulking may provide palliative benefit.Other palliative options have included recently the peptide receptor radionuclide therapy which has shown to be effective and well-tolerated.This article will review all aspects of pancreatic VIPomas highlighting aspects such as clinical presentation,diagnosis and management.展开更多
文摘Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide secreting tumors （VIPoma） are one kind of rare endocrine tumor which is mostly located in the pancreas.The annual incidence was estimated to be about 1 per 10 000 000 individuals in general population.1 The VIPoma is usually associated with Verner-Morrison syndrome following tremendous over-secretion of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide （VIP）, which consisted of water diarrhea,hypokalemia and achlorhydria.This syndrome has been termed pancreatic cholera, watery diarrhea syndrome.
文摘Vasoactive intestinal peptide(VIP)secreting tumour(VIPoma)is a rare functional neuroendocrine tumour that typically arises from pancreatic islet cells.These present as sporadic,solitary pancreatic neoplasias with an estimated incidence of one in ten million individuals per year.Only around 5%of VIPomas are associated with multiple endocrine neoplasia type I syndrome.Excessive VIP secretion produces a clinical syndrome characterized by refractory watery diarrhoea,hypokalemia and metabolic acidosis.These coupled with elevated plasma levels of VIP are diagnostic.The majority of VIPomas are malignant and have already metastasized at the time of diagnosis(60%).Metastases occur most frequently in the liver,or regional lymph nodes,lungs,kidneys and bones.Some reports of skin metastases have been documented.Complete surgical resection continues to be the only potentially curative treatment.However,when the neoplasia cannot be excised completely,surgical debulking may provide palliative benefit.Other palliative options have included recently the peptide receptor radionuclide therapy which has shown to be effective and well-tolerated.This article will review all aspects of pancreatic VIPomas highlighting aspects such as clinical presentation,diagnosis and management.
