Neuropsychologic Testing in Chiasmal Patients Exhibiting Inattention in the Temporal Visual Space during Monocular Visual Testing

Objective: By means of neuropsychologic tests, to further analyse a specific chiasmal monocular visual testing behaviour, here labelled temporal blocking because of the elective ignorance of optotypes on the temporal side of the chart. Often it is combined with impairment of reading and other cognitive impairments. Methods: Eighteen patients with lesions to the chiasm and some degree of temporal blocking aged 24 - 76 years underwent: 1) tests for visual neglect (Gothenburg test;behavioural inattention tests: star cancellation;line bisection);2) visuo-perceptual tests;and 3) a test involving reading a crowded ten-letter and cipher bar. Results: The temporal blocking in two patients recovered after emergency neurosurgery and their results were normal when subsequently tested. Of the 16 patients with deficiencies, 14 had a poorer left eye (p Conclusions: The best neuropsychologic tests appeared to be those for visual neglect and the crowded bar test. In most cases, the right cerebral hemisphere’s lack of some crossed information from the left eye, usually needed for normative saccades and adjustment to visual space, may be a factor underlying the specific visual behaviour.

基于TestBed和Visual Studio对QT程序单元测试的研究与实现

针对测试工具TestBed无法动态执行QT程序单元测试用例的问题,文章通过介绍单元测试定义、测试原理以及TestBed工具的使用原理、并指出了TestBed工具对QT程序进行单元测试存在的问题,最终提出了一种结合TestBed和Visual Studio对QT程序进行单元测试的方法,并给出了方法的详细设计与实现步骤,为QT程序动态执行单元测试提供一种简单、便捷的实现方式。实际结果表明,结合TestBed与Visual Studio对QT程序的单元测试方法显著提高了单元测试的效率,减少了单元测试的成本。

Applications of dynamic visual acuity test in clinical ophthalmology

Dynamic visual acuity test(DVAT)plays a key role in the assessment of vestibular function,the visual function of athletes,as well as various ocular diseases.As the visual pathways conducting dynamic and static signals are different,DVATs may have potential advantages over the traditional visual acuity tests commonly used,such as static visual acuity,contrast sensitivity,and static perimetry.Here,we provide a review of commonly applied DVATs and their several uses in clinical ophthalmology.These data indicate that the DVAT has its unique clinical significance in the evaluation of several ocular disorders.

THE SIGNIFICANCE OF TESTING PREOPERATIVE VISUAL FUNCTION IN CATARACT USING LASER INTERFEROMETRIC VISUAL ACUITY AND ERG

Tests of preoperative visual function and prediction of postoperative E chart visual acuity(ECVA) using laser interferometric visual acuity(LIVA) and electroretinogram(ERG) were performed in 16 cases(19 eyes) of cataract. The results showed that the coincident rate between preoperative LIVA and postoperative ECVA was 63.2%, and there was a parallel correlation between preoperative amplitude of photopic ERG b-wave and postoperative ECVA in 79.0% of the eyes. Comparing these two methods, the test of LIVA ...

A computerized resolution visual acuity test in preschool and school age children

●AIM:To develop a novel approach called the Autoacuity Tester,and to evaluate its validity,especially the sensitivity and specificity for detecting amblyopia.●METHODS:Children aged from 3 to 12 y(n=552)were enrolled in the study.The validity of the Autoacuity Tester was evaluated by comparing it to the Tumbling E Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study(ETDRS)acuity chart for school age children,and Lea Symbols and Teller acuity card(TAC)for preschool children.The repeatability was assessed by coefficient of repeatability(COR).The sensitivity and specificity for detecting amblyopia were calculated.●RESULTS:The mean difference(95%limits of agreement)between the Autoacuity Tester and the ETDRS tests were-0.03(-0.24,0.19)logMAR for the school age group.In preschool children,the mean difference was 0.04(-0.14,0.21)logMAR between the Autoacuity Tester and the TAC and 0.00(-0.17,0.18)logMAR between the Autoacuity Tester and the Lea Symbols.For the school age group,the COR was 0.20 logMAR for the Autoacuity Tester and 0.18 logMAR for the ETDRS.For the preschool group,the COR was 0.13 logMAR for the Autoacuity Tester and 0.21 logMAR for TAC.The Autoacuity Tester(88%)is more sensitive than TAC(72%)in detecting amblyopia(P=0.04),while had similar specificity(92%vs 90%,P=0.20).●CONCLUSION:The Autoacuity Tester provides a reliable alternative for assessing visual acuity,and offers advantage of higher testability and repeatability for preschool children.

Central Retinal Microperimetry by Scanning Laser Ophthalmoscopy in Chiasmal Patients with Visual Inattention Temporally at Monocular Visual Acuity Testing

Background: In a previous study, a specific visual behaviour was described in four chiasmal patients. It manifested as inattention/ignorance within the temporal visual space (“visual blocking”) at monocular visual acuity testing. Moreover, in 3 out of the 4, the process of reading a text appeared cognitively impaired. Methods: As a supplement to conventional visual field testing, the present analysis focus was on microperimetry by Scanning Laser Ophthalmocopy (SLO). Our aim was to identify the perceptual retinal counterparts to the temporally located visual field defects as caused by the visual pathway lesion on a chiasmal level, possibly also to indicate the apparently ineffective saccadic movements underlying that only part of the line on the chart could be given. Results and Conclusions: The central retinal areas with lacking recognition by SLO testing were given by black rectangles expressing scotomatous points;they clustered in a zone extending nasally from the fixation area, as expected. The methodology further depicted an orderly fixation in two cases, and only minor deviation in two. Fixation saccades thus were considered by and large within normal and with only exceptional outlier points recorded. All considered, the shortcomings of the perceptual mechanisms underlying the lateralised visual inattention as observed in the four patients have remained without a satisfactory explanation.

VISUALIZATION OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL DATA FIELD AND ITS APPLICATION IN MACHINE TESTING

In order to realize visualization of three-dimensional data field （TDDF） in instrument, two methods of visualization of TDDF and the usual manner of quick graphic and image processing are analyzed. And how to use OpenGL technique and the characteristic of analyzed data to construct a TDDF, the ways of reality processing and interactive processing are described. Then the medium geometric element and a related realistic model are constructed by means of the first algorithm. Models obtained for attaching the third dimension in three-dimensional data field are presented. An example for TDDF realization of machine measuring is provided. The analysis of resultant graphic indicates that the three-dimensional graphics built by the method developed is featured by good reality, fast processing and strong interaction

基于视觉检测的智能桥梁检查车设计与分析

针对公路变截面梁的特点,提出了一种基于视觉检测的智能检查车。该智能检查车由车体平台和视觉检测平台组成,既能无人智能快速检测,又能人工定点维修,有效地提高了桥梁养护效率及检查工作的安全性。介绍了车体平台的具体结构设计和视觉检测平台的具体组成,并对智能检测和人工检查做了对比试验分析,结果表明智能检测比人工检查具有更好的病害检测完整性和更高的检测效率。

基于信息可视化的非线性超声研究现状及成熟度分析

基于信息可视化分析,对非线性超声的研究现状进行分析。检索Web of Science数据库,得到非线性超声相关文献4061篇。对关键词进行可视化分析及聚类分析,非线性超声领域关键词主要涉及6个方面,目前主要侧重于理论研究。对于应用范围,在微裂纹、结构监测等方面具有应用前景。对非线性超声的论文数及专利数进行技术成熟度分析,结果表明其处在技术发展的增长期。

鼻黏膜不同炎症的临床表现及客观炎症指标的异同性研究

目的比较慢性鼻炎(CR)、慢性鼻窦炎伴鼻息肉(CRSwNP)和慢性鼻窦炎不伴鼻息肉(CRSsNP)患者在鼻部症状、生活质量评估和临床炎症指标表达方面异同。方法研究共纳入2017年1月~2018年12月在北京同仁医院鼻科就诊的154例连续患者,年龄18~70岁,其中男性106例,女性48例。根据入选标准,纳入患者分为CR组、CRSsNP组和CRSwNP组。患者于就诊当天进行鼻内镜、鼻呼出NO(nasal exhaled nitric oxide,nNO)、皮肤点刺试验、鼻窦CT和血常规检查,并在医师指导下对自身鼻部症状进行视觉模拟量表(VAS)评分,填写鼻腔鼻窦结局测试22条(SNOT-22)问卷。共43例CR患者,58例CRSsNP患者及53例CRSwNP患者入选本研究。结果CRSsNP组SNOT-22总分显著低于CR和CRSwNP组(30.0±19.4 vs.41.1±21.9,30.0±19.4 vs.40.9±18.7,P<0.05),CR组和CRSwNP组的SNOT-22总评分无统计学差异。CRSwNP组鼻部症状及鼻外症状平均得分最高;CRSsNP组得分较低;CR患者对睡眠的损害影响显著高于CRSsNP患者(9.9±6.2 vs.5.1±5.3,P<0.05),与CRSwNP组睡眠评分无显著差异(9.9±6.2 vs.7.1±5.7,P>0.05)。当患者合并过敏原阳性时,CR、CRSsNP和CRSwNP之间症状评分及SNOT-22评分之间无统计学差异;当过敏原阴性时,无论症状评分还是SNOT-22评分,三者之间均表现出明显的统计学差异。结论CR、CRSsNP和CRSwNP三种鼻黏膜炎症类型都对患者生活质量产生明显影响。就症状评分及生活质量评分而言,CR组和CRSwNP组相近且较CRSsNP组损害更明显。客观评价指标与症状和生活质量评分的变化趋势并不一致。

基于扫视路径速度的隧道入口驾驶舒适性分析

为了更准确地评价公路隧道入口段驾驶员的视觉舒适性,以隧道入口段的驾驶员视觉特性为研究对象,在云南上鹤高速公路的野鸭塘1号、2号和3号隧道开展实车试验,采集驾驶员的注视与扫视时间、视点位置、瞳孔直径等眼动参数,并依次对20名驾驶员进行问卷调查。基于试验数据和问卷调查结果,提出扫视路径速度指标并验证其合理性。结果表明:扫视路径速度能够有效地对隧道入口段的驾驶视觉舒适性进行评价;当隧道照明条件相同时,新型蓄能反光发光材料能够使驾驶员的平均扫视路径速度降低50.62%,峰值扫视路径速度降低40.32%。通过对视觉舒适指标的关联性分析,进一步表明:扫视路径速度与驾驶员的视觉舒适性呈反比关系;随着隧道入口光环境质量的提高,驾驶员的扫视时间占比增加,进而扫视所用时间变长,扫视路径速度减慢,此时驾驶员的视觉舒适性较高有利于安全行驶,反之则不利于行车安全。

粗粒土初始结构效应对颗粒破碎的影响研究

为研究粗粒土的初始结构综合特征对其颗粒破碎程度的影响,采用一种改进的直剪试验,获得不同初始结构条件下粗粒土剪切破坏参数,结合图像识别技术,获取直剪过程中粗粒土的结构特征。通过主成分分析法,建立了初始结构综合参数Y 0,以此对不同初始结构粗粒土的结构特征进行定量描述。最终,构建了一种离散元数值模型,该模型真实地反映了颗粒破碎过程。研究结果表明:(1)不同粒径组的颗粒自身破碎程度受其质量分数影响,且整体破碎程度主要由粗颗粒质量分数决定;(2)颗粒破碎程度随法向应力增大呈现线性变化规律,而加权裂离率B d与初始结构综合参数Y 0则呈指数函数关系;(3)在相同法向应力条件下,当颗粒特征强度越大时,不同初始结构间颗粒破碎差异越小,并根据颗粒特征强度σc与加权裂离率B d曲线建立了二者的函数关系式;(4)结合试验结果,最终构建了考虑初始结构效应的粗粒土破碎程度预测模型,并通过相关文献验证了该模型的适用性。

基于平板电脑的距离自适应视功能自测方案的研究

目的构建基于平板电脑的距离自适应视功能自测系统,并分析其精确性。方法基于配有摄像头的平板电脑,使用ArUco技术识别2 m范围内的二维码以进行实时测距,构建距离自适应的集视力(普通视标视力和不同对比度高通视标视力)、调节幅度和中心5°视野测定一体化的视觉功能检测系统。共纳入健康受试者22例(44眼)完成视功能检查,其中6名受试者在四种距离(1 m、1.25 m、1.6 m、2 m)分别完成视力测试,并在足矫和–3.00D欠矫模拟调节不足状态下分别完成调节幅度测试。比较程序读数距离和空间中二维码距平板屏幕实际距离;比较在不同距离的同种视标的视力测试结果一致性;分析足矫及欠矫状态下调节幅度的变化,并使用ICC法评估其可重复性;分析视野测试结果的对比敏感度阈值及有效性。结果实际距离与程序读数距离具有良好的一致性水平。相同对比度高通视标视力测试在不同距离的测试结果无显著差异(P>0.05),100%普通视标视力在0.9~1.1m距离范围内与其他距离结果存在显著差异(P<0.001)。测量3次调节幅度的ICC值为0.861(P<0.001);欠矫状态下的调节幅度较足矫状态更低,变化具有统计学差异(P<0.05)。双眼视野对比度阈值的上边缘值均值为16.92%,程序能正确识别视野缺损。结论本研究构建了一种基于平板电脑的距离自适应视功能自测系统,可在2 m内实时精准测距,根据距离自动调节初始视标的大小以精确呈现视标,进行视力、调节幅度及中心5°视野检测。该系统不受固定距离限制并且具有更高的检验效能,可应用于空间狭小且不能固定距离的空间站的视功能检测。

基于Visual Modflow的岩溶水疏降流场模拟和涌水量预测

为确保鹤壁矿区寺湾矿安全生产,采用国际通用的Visual Modflow地下水渗流模拟软件,以寺湾矿石炭系太原组二灰岩溶水大型放水试验为基础,建立了岩溶水三维渗流数值模型.通过该模型的识别和检验,成功模拟了放水试验所形成的渗流场和水位动态变化,利用此模型计算的设计疏降水平的涌水量与采用相关曲线外推法、漏斗均衡法和解析法计算结果相差不大,已成为矿井排水系统改造的重要参数,为受承压水威胁的太原组下夹煤的安全合理开采提供了科学依据.

显微CT技术在钧釉瓷微观结构中的应用

X射线显微镜(显微CT)是一种非破坏性的高分辨率成像技术。采用显微CT扫描和三维重建技术,对金元时期的钧釉瓷内部气泡和孔隙进行三维可视化和定量分析,得到了三维可视化分布图像与定量数据。研究发现,金元时期钧釉瓷釉层气泡尺寸相差大,且分布离散。其中,大于100μm的气泡主要分布在釉层中层;小于100μm的气泡分布在釉层表层,通过结合岩相分析与化学组成分析发现,该特征的形成与釉的高温黏度、烧成温度等因素有关。研究采用了显微CT扫描与三维重建技术,其是一种无损分析古陶瓷气泡与孔隙特征及工艺的新方法,该研究验证了显微CT在古陶瓷微观结构研究中的可行性和有效性,为古陶瓷制作工艺的科学分析、鉴定、保护和修复等方面提供重要的实验依据。

基于Visual C++的光纤陀螺多参数自动化测试系统

设计了一套基于Visual C++的光纤陀螺多参数自动化测试系统,包括USB接口通信、数据实时显示和存储、数据自主分析、自动生成Word测试报告4个主要功能模块。USB接口通信模块主要完成基于USB接口的数据采集(采用可编程阵列(FPGA)和USB控制芯片实现),并将数据传输至PC机;数据实时显示和存储部分利用NI公司的Measurement Studio插件实现,主要用于实时显示陀螺数据及数据存储;数据自主分析部分实现了针对光纤陀螺数据的特征分析;自动生成Word测试报告部分实现了针对光纤陀螺多种参数的自动化的计算及测试报告生成。该系统目前已应用于光纤陀螺生产研究中,经多次测试,结果证明其自动化程度高,性能稳定。

含粗粒滑带土剪切带演化及空间展布规律研究

对含不同强度粗颗粒的滑带土进行了可视化中型直剪试验,通过竖直置入铝丝观察剪切后铝丝变形情况获取剪切破坏带的空间信息,并建立了剪切带空间曲面方程。通过粒子图像测速(particle image velocimetry,PIV)技术对可视面处二维剪切带信息进行提取,并与剪切试验得到的空间曲面方程的边界外推值进行对比,证明了空间曲面方程与PIV技术能够描述剪切带特征。然后通过PIV技术对不同剪切总位移与某一剪切位移下短时间内相对位移规律进行了分析。最后分析了预制损伤与粗颗粒强度对剪切带特征的影响。研究结果表明,剪切带形状为两端薄中间厚的带状,可采用高斯曲面方程对剪切带轮廓进行拟合。剪切带在发展过程中经历压密、自由损伤、损伤沿固定路径发展与剪切带贯通4个阶段,损伤使得剪切带发展各阶段前移,粗颗粒强度会对局部剪切带变形产生较大影响而对整体剪切带的变形影响较小。该研究成果对于揭示滑坡剪切带形成与演变规律从而设计合理的边坡防治方案具有重要意义。

基于Visual Basic 6.0的含水层水文地质参数求取软件的开发及应用

水文地质参数是含水层特征及富水性评价的重要指标,但人工计算过程极为繁琐,公式循环迭代又容易出错,一旦出错会造成不可估量的损失。应用Visual Basic 6.0所具有的强大编译和可视化功能,将复杂的水文地质参数求解公式和循环迭代过程编译成程序代码,开发出一套基于抽水试验求取水文地质参数及富水性评价的专业化软件,并在谢桥矿东二采区A1煤层水文地质条件补充勘探项目中得到了很好的应用。

基于Visual Basic的电磁铁静动态特性测试系统

设计了以螺旋机构加推杆的电磁铁行程调节装置,采用PCI-8326B多功能数据采集卡和传感器的系统控制和数据采集系统,基于Visual Basic可视化的设计平台,设计了电磁铁静、动态性能测试软件,形成了电磁铁综合性能测试系统。测试结果表明,该测试系统操作方便,功能齐全,界面友好,结果可靠,适应于多品种,多规格阀用直流电磁铁系列化测试,能够满足电磁铁企业和科研院所的测试需要。