Research on the Design and Application of Virtual and Real Integrated Training Platform Based on Intelligent Manufacturing

In this paper,we built a robot training platform using virtual simulation software,and the robot assembly,handling,and palletizing were realized.The workstation includes an industrial robot,gas control unit,track function module,assembly function module,palletizing function module,vision module,etc.,and robot movement is achieved through language programming.The platform provides conditions for the practical ability training of application-oriented talents.

Virtual CIM and Digital Manufacturing

Manufacturing enterprises play an important role in improving the economic environment of a country.Today,the capability to produce high quality products with shorter delivery time and the ability to produce according to the diverse customer requirements has become the characteristics of successful manufacturing industries. Application of intelligent manufacturing systems and Computer integrated manufacturing (CIM) are the most effective methods for overcoming the issues faced by present day manufactures while retaining the employment level and revenue of a country in today’s highly competitive global market. With the developments taking place in CIM and its related technologies,the application of CIM in manufacturing enterprises has become a reality from the dream. This paper highlights the historical developments towards automation and the need for CIM systems. Furthermore,it analyses some new terms such as agile manufacturing,digital manufacturing,agent-based manufacturing and others,which have been emerging recently,and argues all these new technologies are the subsystems of CIM. In addition,this paper provides a new direction in CIM to fulfil the emerging challenges in today’s global market and to satisfy the emerging need of virtual enterprises in the form of Virtual CIM.

Simulation Based Energy-resource Efficient Manufacturing Integrated with In-process Virtual Management

As energy efficiency is one of the key essentials towards sustainability, the development of an energy-resource efficient manufacturing system is among the great challenges facing the current industry. Meanwhile, the availability of advanced technological innovation has created more complex manufacturing systems that involve a large variety of processes and machines serving different functions. To extend the limited knowledge on energy-efficient scheduling, the research presented in this paper attempts to model the production schedule at an operation process by considering the balance of energy consumption reduction in production, production work flow （productivity） and quality. An innovative systematic approach to manufacturing energy-resource efficiency is proposed with the virtual simulation as a predictive modelling enabler, which provides real-time manufacturing monitoring, virtual displays and decision-makings and consequentially an analytical and multidimensional correlation analysis on interdependent relationships among energy consumption, work flow and quality errors. The regression analysis results demonstrate positive relationships between the work flow and quality errors and the work flow and energy consumption. When production scheduling is controlled through optimization of work flow, quality errors and overall energy consumption, the energy-resource efficiency can be achieved in the production. Together, this proposed multidimensional modelling and analysis approach provides optimal conditions for the production scheduling at the manufacturing system by taking account of production quality, energy consumption and resource efficiency, which can lead to the key competitive advantages and sustainability of the system operations in the industry.

Multilevel manufacturing system of virtual enterprise based on manufacturing grid and strategies for member enterprise selection and task assignment

In order to improve efficiency of virtual enterprise, a manufacturing grid and multilevel manufacturing system of virtual enterprise is built up. When selecting member enterprises and task assignment based on the manufacturing grid, key activities are assigned to the suitable critical member enterprises by task decomposition, enterprise node searching and characteristic matching of manufacturing resources according to the characteristic matching strategy. By task merger, some ordinary activities are merged with corresponding key activities and assigned to corresponding critical member enterprises. However, the other ordinary activities are assigned to the related ordinary member enterprises with enterprise node searching and characteristic matching of manufacturing resources. Finally, an example of developing the artificial hip joint in the virtual enterprise is used to demonstrate that efficiency of the virtual enterprise is improved by using the manufacturing grid and the proposed strategies for member enterprise selection and task assignment.

Exploiting Virtual Elasticity of Manufacturing Systems to Respect OTD—Part 2: Post-Optimality Conditions for the Cases of Ergodic and Non-Ergodic Order Rate with Deterministic Product-Mix

Respecting the on-time delivery (OTD) for manufacturing orders is mandatory. However, for non-JIT Batch & Queue Push-manufacturing systems, the compliance of OTD is not intrinsically guaranteed. As an OTD related manufacturing theory is largely missing it is crucial to understand and formalize the necessary conditions of OTD compliance for complex production environments for maximum exploitation of the production capacity. This paper evaluates the conditions of post-optimality while being OTD compliant for production systems, which are characterized by stochastic order rate and a deterministic product-mix. Instead of applying discrete event simulation to explore the real case-by-case order scheduling optimization for OTD compliance, a Cartesian approach is followed. This enables to define theoretically the solution space of order backlog for OTD, which contributes to developing further manufacturing theory. At the base stands the recently defined new concept of virtual manufacturing elasticity by reducing lead-time to increase virtually production capacity. The result has led to defining additional two corollaries to the OTD theorem, which sets up basic OTD theory. Apart from defining the post-optimal requirements to guarantee for orders at least a weak solution for OTD compliance, this paper reveals that for a deterministic product-mix a non-ergodic order arrival rate can be rescheduled into an ergodic order input rate to the shopfloor if the virtual elasticity T is large enough, hence the importance of having fast and flexible production lines.

Integration of Manufacturing Services into Virtual Environments over the Internet

Virtual reality (VR) is a rapidly developing technology that has a wide spectrum of industrial and commercial applications. Networked (distributed or shared) virtual environments (VE) are of growing interest to modern manufacturing industry; a dominating use of networked virtual manufacturing environments (VMEs) is on-line visualisation and collaborative control of 3D information. This has to be supported by real-time data transfer. To meet a broad range of common requirements for Internet-based VE communications, particularly for virtual manufacturing and collaborative design and control, this paper presents a networked virtual environment system that is designed to support networked virtual design and manufacturing. The system is implemented with manufacturing message specification (MMS) standards so as to integrate a range of manufacturing services into networked VEs over the Internet.

Architecture of Virtual Manufacturing based on Autonomous Manufacturing Islands

Virtual manufacturing (VM) is an integrated synthetic manufacturing environment exercised to enhance all levels of decision and control in a manufacturing networked enterprise. Autonomous manufacturing island (AMI) is an active, dynamic and flexible production cell in the domain of technology, organization and management. This paper explains the concept of VM, proposes the architecture of VM based on AMI and discusses its characteristics. Lastly, a pilot system of virtual manufacturing based on AMI is introduced.

Organizing of Virtual Enterprise for Customized Artificial Joint and Scheduling of Manufacturing Resources Based on Manufacturing Grid

In order to improve efficiency of developing customized artificial joint, a virtual enterprise is organized based on the manufacturing grid. The application-oriented framework of the virtual enterprise is created for organization of the virtual enterprise. The manufacturing system of the virtual enterprise is built up based on the exterior grid and manufacturing subsystems of member enterprises are set up based on the interior grid. Furthermore, according to characteristic matching of manufacturing resources, the scheduling flow is studied in detail and the related scheduling strategies are established. The scheduling procedure is divided into distributed scheduling stage and local scheduling stage.Based on the manufacturing grid, the organization of the virtual enterprise for customized artificial joint and the corresponding scheduling strategies can be utilized to shorten developing cycle and reduce produce cost.

Immersive Display Interface Specification Standards in Virtual Manufacturing:A Prototype

In this paper we briefly describe our effort in developing standards for immersive display interfaces in virtual manufacturing.This work is being conducted in collaboration with the National Institute of Standards and Technology(NIST).First we review the concept of virtual manufacturing,discuss its scope and lay the contextual foundation for describing our application.Next we describe a prototype implementation of immersive display interfaces in virtual manufacturing.This prototype is based on processing the output of a factory simulation model.Finally we describe the standards emerging from this prototype.

Randomized MILP framework for Securing Virtual Machines from Malware Attacks

Cloud computing involves remote server deployments with public net-work infrastructures that allow clients to access computational resources.Virtual Machines(VMs)are supplied on requests and launched without interactions from service providers.Intruders can target these servers and establish malicious con-nections on VMs for carrying out attacks on other clustered VMs.The existing system has issues with execution time and false-positive rates.Hence,the overall system performance is degraded considerably.The proposed approach is designed to eliminate Cross-VM side attacks and VM escape and hide the server’s position so that the opponent cannot track the target server beyond a certain point.Every request is passed from source to destination via one broadcast domain to confuse the opponent and avoid them from tracking the server’s position.Allocation of SECURITY Resources accepts a safety game in a simple format as input andfinds the best coverage vector for the opponent using a Stackelberg Equilibrium(SSE)technique.A Mixed Integer Linear Programming(MILP)framework is used in the algorithm.The VM challenge is reduced by afirewall-based controlling mechanism combining behavior-based detection and signature-based virus detection.The pro-posed method is focused on detecting malware attacks effectively and providing better security for the VMs.Finally,the experimental results indicate that the pro-posed security method is efficient.It consumes minimum execution time,better false positive rate,accuracy,and memory usage than the conventional approach.

面向智能制造仿真实验的产线数字孪生建模

针对智能制造领域人才培养中,实践教学存在的成本高、安全保证难等问题,该研究构建了智能制造仿真实验系统。首先,以智能产线为基础、车间信息化平台为桥梁,融合产线数字孪生技术,构建了面向智能制造仿真实验的数字孪生系统框架;其次,对系统中包含的产线物理实体模型、数据采集及车间信息化平台、数字孪生产线的多维度模型及智能制造仿真实验平台展开了详细阐述;最后设计产线生产调度优化实验,验证了该数字孪生仿真实验系统的有效性。

A SYSTEMATIC ARCHITECTURE AND MODELING OF VIRTUAL MANUFACTURING AND MEASURING CELL

The concept of virtual manufacturing and measuring cell (VMMC) is proposed, the systematic architecture of the VMMC is established and two key problems: the error fusion in machining and the reconstructable modeling of workpiece during virtual manufacturing and measuring, are discussed. An actual VMMC is presented as an example and its modularized frame is introduced.

基于数字孪生的模块化生产系统实践教学平台设计与实现

该文将数字孪生技术应用于模块化生产系统(modular production system,MPS)的智能化改造中,构建了基于数字孪生的MPS实践教学平台。依托监控系统和虚实交互等关键技术,增加了MPS数字孪生体的虚拟建模、虚实联调和PLC程序软件在环/硬件在环调试等实训环节;验证了MPS实践教学平台设计方案的可行性;制定了新的教学框架及详细的实训内容和考核方案。最后,将实训内容与大学生竞赛相结合,提高了学生对智能制造、工业生产的认知能力和实践动手能力。

虚拟集聚能够促进制造业绿色高质量发展吗?

虚拟集聚是新一代信息技术与实体经济深度融合的空间组织新形态,是实现制造业绿色高质量发展的新路径。文章基于2012—2022年我国30个省域面板数据,构建制造业绿色高质量发展和虚拟集聚指标体系,实证检验虚拟集聚对制造业绿色高质量发展的影响。研究发现:虚拟集聚能够有效促进制造业绿色高质量发展;虚拟集聚对制造业绿色高质量发展的影响存在区域、子维度和虚拟集聚水平异质性;虚拟集聚对制造业绿色高质量发展的影响存在负向空间溢出效应。研究结论为促进制造业高端化、智能化、绿色化发展提供了有益的政策启示。

基于虚拟仿真技术的服装智能制造应用研究

由于传统的服装制造不能很好地满足市场需求,因此对虚拟仿真技术在服装智能制造中的应用进行研究,实现服装企业转型升级,确保企业健康发展。服装虚拟设计包括仿真人体建模、虚拟服装建模、3D仿真优化和构建应用平台。采用非接触式测量获取人体三维数据,构建虚拟三维人体模型,同时将服装设计师的设计意图进行深层次挖掘,获得三维虚拟服装模型。通过纹理特征映射、碰撞检测、真实感增强和场景构建来优化服装设计过程,并将其应用于服装个性化设计与虚拟试穿中,对提升服装企业的智能制造水平和市场竞争力具有一定的参考价值。

基于智能虚拟生产车间的机械制造课程群教学实践

在机械制造类课程中,由于大型装备制造环境危险且工艺复杂,导致学生难以利用实体设备或实际生产制造车间开展实物实验,极大限制了学生工程实践能力的提升。基于此,该文建立了面向机械制造课程群的智能虚拟生产车间和虚拟仿真实验教学方法,通过WebGL技术标准建立可交互操作的涡轮发动机叶轮全自动加工虚拟车间,并在此基础上开发与实体数控机床、机械手、AGV运输小车等实验设备对应的虚实融合接口以及机械制造与控制实验功能,形成虚拟仿真实验教学软件,供机械类相关课程理论与实践教学使用。相关成果已应用于多门机械制造类课程教学中,学生专业知识水平和工程应用能力提升显著,教学效果良好,证明了该实践教学方法的合理性与实用性。

基于虚拟仿真技术的智能制造生产线自动控制系统

针对智能制造生产线中视觉分拣容易产生漏检和误检的问题,提出一种基于虚拟仿真技术的智能制造生产线自动控制系统。系统创新地使用云端PLC结合人工智能进行虚拟仿真,提高了自动控制的算力,使整体系统控制更加灵活可控。同时结合YOLOv5算法进行目标检测,在保证检测精确度的同时,进一步提高目标检测效率。经过实际仿真实验,设计的自动控制系统召回率、精确率以及平均精度均值等指标均符合实际生产需求,控制系统更加精确。

汽车生产制造过程中离散事件的虚拟仿真建模

仅使用IDEF3过程建模方法对离散事件进行虚拟仿真建模时,需要通过复杂的行为单元描述顺序生产过程,使建模时间过长。因此,结合IDEF3过程建模方法和模糊逻辑规则,基于孪生数据进行数据映射,构建汽车生产制造的虚拟场景,对汽车生产制造过程中的离散事件进行虚拟仿真建模。首先,引入场景树和人机交互理论,以几何变换为核心实现虚拟场景的漫游,并通过分析生产加工工序之间的资源连接关系,明确离散事件的发生原理;其次,设计包含仿真全局时钟、离散事件仿真局部时钟及连续系统仿真局部时钟的完整仿真时钟,并基于完整仿真时钟定义离散事件推进机制;最后,根据仿真语言,生成离散事件虚拟仿真模型。实验结果表明,运用该方法的虚拟仿真建模时间仅为60 s。

智慧工厂数字孪生的设计与实现

以某典型的离散制造智慧工厂实验平台为对象,分析智慧工厂的系统组成。运用Flexsim三维建模仿真平台,建立智慧工厂的三维虚拟仿真模型;运用Socket通讯机制,建立智慧工厂物理模型和虚拟仿真模型之间的信息交互机制,实现智慧工厂物理模型和虚拟模型之间的实时双向互动,构建智慧工厂的数字孪生系统,为建立数字孪生提供有益的指导和借鉴。

建设海洋强国背景下船舶与海洋工程专业实践教学系统

为培养本科生的工程实践创新能力,开展了船舶与海洋工程专业实践类课程体系建设,建设具有“虚实结合、科教融合、开发海油”特色的实践教学资源库,搭建了“双创—竞赛—实习—设计”递进式实践创新培养平台。基于该平台,学生通过参加各级学科竞赛和创新实践活动,激发内驱力、聚焦任务、主动探索,实现了学习产出。这些举措有效提升了学生的实践创新能力,实现了“智能+教学”向“智能+发展”的转化。