The available studies in the literature on physical and mathematical modeling of the argon oxygen decarburization (AOD) process of stainless steel have briefly been reviewed. The latest advances made by the author wi...The available studies in the literature on physical and mathematical modeling of the argon oxygen decarburization (AOD) process of stainless steel have briefly been reviewed. The latest advances made by the author with his research group have been summarized. Water modeling was used to investigate the fluid flow and mixing characteristics in the bath of an 18 t AOD vessel, as well as the 'back attack' action of gas jets and its effects on the erosion and wear of the refractory lining, with sufficiently full kinematic similarity. The non rotating and rotating gas jets blown through two annular tuyeres, respectively of straight tube and spiral flat tube type, were employed in the experiments. The geometric similarity ratio between the model and its prototype (including the straight tube type tuyeres) was 1:3. The influences of the gas flow rate, the angle included between the two tuyeres and other operating parameters, and the suitability of the spiral tuyere as a practical application, were examined. These latest studies have clearly and successfully brought to light the fluid flow and mixing characteristics in the bath and the overall features of the back attack phenomena of gas jets during the blowing, and have offered a better understanding of the refining process. Besides, mathematical modeling for the refining process of stainless steel was carried out and a new mathematical model of the process was proposed and developed. The model performs the rate calculations of the refining and the mass and heat balances of the system. Also, the effects of the operating factors, including adding the slag materials, crop ends, and scrap, and alloy agents; the non isothermal conditions; the changes in the amounts of metal and slag during the refining; and other factors were all considered. The model was used to deal with and analyze the austenitic stainless steel making (including ultra low carbon steel) and was tested on data of 32 heats obtained in producing 304 grade steel in an 18 t AOD vessel. The changes in the bath composition and temperature during the refining process with time can be accurately predicted using this model. The model can provide some very useful information and a reliable basis for optimizing the process practice of the refining of stainless steel and control of the process in real time and online.展开更多
以鞍钢重型机械公司40 t VOD冶炼ZG06Cr13Ni4Mo钢的生产实测数据为依据,根据质量、能量守恒及热力学原理,采用系统工程的分析方法,从操作、化学反应、冶金计量和热化学计量4个层次剖析VOD冶炼过程,建立了VOD冶炼不锈钢的工艺模型。该工...以鞍钢重型机械公司40 t VOD冶炼ZG06Cr13Ni4Mo钢的生产实测数据为依据,根据质量、能量守恒及热力学原理,采用系统工程的分析方法,从操作、化学反应、冶金计量和热化学计量4个层次剖析VOD冶炼过程,建立了VOD冶炼不锈钢的工艺模型。该工艺模型包含冶金模型和热模型,可以根据各输入物料的用量、成分与温度等输入值,方便地求出各输出物料的收得量和成分等输出的预报值。VOD生产结果表明,该工艺模型能较准确地预报VOD精炼需氧量、终点钢水成分及温度等,相对误差低于5%。展开更多
对不锈钢VOD精炼过程数学模拟作了初步研究。从该精炼过程的物理和化学特征出发,考虑体系的质量和热量衡算,以及各项操作,精炼过程的不等温状态等的影响,对整个精炼过程提出了一个数学模型。以该模型处理和分析了120 t VOD炉内铁素体型...对不锈钢VOD精炼过程数学模拟作了初步研究。从该精炼过程的物理和化学特征出发,考虑体系的质量和热量衡算,以及各项操作,精炼过程的不等温状态等的影响,对整个精炼过程提出了一个数学模型。以该模型处理和分析了120 t VOD炉内铁素体型不锈钢的整个精炼过程,并以实际生产数据作了检验。展开更多
以实际工艺流程30 t EAF-VOD-LF-模铸冶炼20Cr13不锈钢为背景,通过热力学计算,对VOD精炼硅脱氧处理后,重新造渣过程中炉渣碱度、合金含量以及钢液温度对钢液中平衡氧含量的影响进行了研究。研究结果表明:钢液中的氧含量随炉渣碱度的增...以实际工艺流程30 t EAF-VOD-LF-模铸冶炼20Cr13不锈钢为背景,通过热力学计算,对VOD精炼硅脱氧处理后,重新造渣过程中炉渣碱度、合金含量以及钢液温度对钢液中平衡氧含量的影响进行了研究。研究结果表明:钢液中的氧含量随炉渣碱度的增加呈现明显的减小趋势,实际生产中炉渣碱度一般应确保在2以上;为了保证添加合金进行脱氧的冶炼效果,应保证钢液中的硅的质量分数在0.3%以上;降低冶炼温度有利于降低钢液平衡氧含量;炉渣碱度对平衡溶解氧含量和实际生产全氧含量的影响规律基本相同,拟合出平衡溶解氧含量与实际全氧含量之间存在线性关系。展开更多
为了实现对超纯铁素体不锈钢VOD精炼脱碳过程的动态即时预测及控制,以酒钢宏兴不锈钢分公司100 t VOD炉冶炼超纯铁素体不锈钢的过程为研究对象,从顶吹氧气的分配行为和C-Cr的竞争氧化出发,建立基于炉气分析技术的VOD动态脱碳模型,并在Ma...为了实现对超纯铁素体不锈钢VOD精炼脱碳过程的动态即时预测及控制,以酒钢宏兴不锈钢分公司100 t VOD炉冶炼超纯铁素体不锈钢的过程为研究对象,从顶吹氧气的分配行为和C-Cr的竞争氧化出发,建立基于炉气分析技术的VOD动态脱碳模型,并在Matlab环境下开发相应的应用软件,得到全过程钢液成分、氧气分配比、温度等参数随时间的变化规律,对不同阶段的临界碳浓度给出估计范围。利用VOD出站成分以及精炼过程中CO/CO2的实际变化规律加以检验,与实际值吻合较好,较好地预测了实际变化趋势。展开更多
文摘The available studies in the literature on physical and mathematical modeling of the argon oxygen decarburization (AOD) process of stainless steel have briefly been reviewed. The latest advances made by the author with his research group have been summarized. Water modeling was used to investigate the fluid flow and mixing characteristics in the bath of an 18 t AOD vessel, as well as the 'back attack' action of gas jets and its effects on the erosion and wear of the refractory lining, with sufficiently full kinematic similarity. The non rotating and rotating gas jets blown through two annular tuyeres, respectively of straight tube and spiral flat tube type, were employed in the experiments. The geometric similarity ratio between the model and its prototype (including the straight tube type tuyeres) was 1:3. The influences of the gas flow rate, the angle included between the two tuyeres and other operating parameters, and the suitability of the spiral tuyere as a practical application, were examined. These latest studies have clearly and successfully brought to light the fluid flow and mixing characteristics in the bath and the overall features of the back attack phenomena of gas jets during the blowing, and have offered a better understanding of the refining process. Besides, mathematical modeling for the refining process of stainless steel was carried out and a new mathematical model of the process was proposed and developed. The model performs the rate calculations of the refining and the mass and heat balances of the system. Also, the effects of the operating factors, including adding the slag materials, crop ends, and scrap, and alloy agents; the non isothermal conditions; the changes in the amounts of metal and slag during the refining; and other factors were all considered. The model was used to deal with and analyze the austenitic stainless steel making (including ultra low carbon steel) and was tested on data of 32 heats obtained in producing 304 grade steel in an 18 t AOD vessel. The changes in the bath composition and temperature during the refining process with time can be accurately predicted using this model. The model can provide some very useful information and a reliable basis for optimizing the process practice of the refining of stainless steel and control of the process in real time and online.
文摘以鞍钢重型机械公司40 t VOD冶炼ZG06Cr13Ni4Mo钢的生产实测数据为依据,根据质量、能量守恒及热力学原理,采用系统工程的分析方法,从操作、化学反应、冶金计量和热化学计量4个层次剖析VOD冶炼过程,建立了VOD冶炼不锈钢的工艺模型。该工艺模型包含冶金模型和热模型,可以根据各输入物料的用量、成分与温度等输入值,方便地求出各输出物料的收得量和成分等输出的预报值。VOD生产结果表明,该工艺模型能较准确地预报VOD精炼需氧量、终点钢水成分及温度等,相对误差低于5%。
文摘以实际工艺流程30 t EAF-VOD-LF-模铸冶炼20Cr13不锈钢为背景,通过热力学计算,对VOD精炼硅脱氧处理后,重新造渣过程中炉渣碱度、合金含量以及钢液温度对钢液中平衡氧含量的影响进行了研究。研究结果表明:钢液中的氧含量随炉渣碱度的增加呈现明显的减小趋势,实际生产中炉渣碱度一般应确保在2以上;为了保证添加合金进行脱氧的冶炼效果,应保证钢液中的硅的质量分数在0.3%以上;降低冶炼温度有利于降低钢液平衡氧含量;炉渣碱度对平衡溶解氧含量和实际生产全氧含量的影响规律基本相同,拟合出平衡溶解氧含量与实际全氧含量之间存在线性关系。
文摘为了实现对超纯铁素体不锈钢VOD精炼脱碳过程的动态即时预测及控制,以酒钢宏兴不锈钢分公司100 t VOD炉冶炼超纯铁素体不锈钢的过程为研究对象,从顶吹氧气的分配行为和C-Cr的竞争氧化出发,建立基于炉气分析技术的VOD动态脱碳模型,并在Matlab环境下开发相应的应用软件,得到全过程钢液成分、氧气分配比、温度等参数随时间的变化规律,对不同阶段的临界碳浓度给出估计范围。利用VOD出站成分以及精炼过程中CO/CO2的实际变化规律加以检验,与实际值吻合较好,较好地预测了实际变化趋势。