The formation of explosive volcanos at the circum-Pacific convergent margin during the last century

The circum-Pacific convergent margin is known as"the Ring of Fire",with abundant volcano eruptions.Large eruptions are rare but very disastrous.It remains obscure how are large explosive volcanos formed and where are the danger zones.Three largest eruptions since 1900,the Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’apai,the Mt.Pinatubo,and the Novarupta were found to be associated with subductions of volatile-rich sediments and located close to slab windows.Among them,the Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’apai is close to subducting seamount chains;the Mt.Pinatubo is right next to subducting fossil ridges.Both seamount chains and fossil ridges have water depths much shallower than the carbonate compensation depths(CCD)in the Pacific Ocean.Seismic image shows that a seamount is subducting towards the Novarupta volcano.Subduction of volatile-rich sediments and a slab window nearby are the two most important favorable conditions for catastrophic eruptions.Slab windows expose the mantle wedge to the hot asthenosphere,which increases the temperature and dramatically promotes the partial melting of the carbonate-fluxed domains,forming volatile-rich magmas that powered explosive eruptions.

A Seismic Facies Analysis to Determine the Relative Age and History of the Al Idrissi Mud Volcano from Offshore Larache Located in the NW Moroccan Atlantic Margin

Formed on top of the Gulf of Cadiz, the Al Idrissi mud volcano is the shallowest and largest mud volcano in the El Arraiche mud volcano field of the northwestern Moroccan margin. The development and morphology of mud volcanoes from the El Arraiche mud volcanoes group have been studied at a large scale. However, the time interval related to their formation period still needs to be better understood. In this regard, we interpreted and analyzed the seismic facies from the 2D reflection data of the GEOMARGEN-1 campaign, which took place in 2011. The aim was to identify the seismic sequences and draw the Al Idrissi mud volcano system to determine the formation period of the Al Idriss mud volcano. And as a result, the Al Idrissi mud volcano system is made of both buried and superficial bicone and was identified along with the Upper Tortonian to Messinian-Upper Pliocene facies. As the initial mud volcano extrusive edifice, the buried bicone was formed in the Late-Messinian to Early-Pliocene period. However, the superficial bicone, as the final extrusive edifice, was included in the Late Pliocene. In this case, the timing interval between the buried and superficial bicone is equivalent to the Late-Messinian to Upper-Pliocene period. Therefore, the latter corresponds to the Al Idrissi mud volcano formation period.

Earthquake, Volcano and Earth Rotation Harmonics

Earthquake prediction is considered impossible for there is no scientific way to find the date and time, the location, and the magnitude of an earthquake. A new idea is introduced in this paper—earth rotation harmonics triggered natural volcano and earthquake. With earth rotation harmonics response model for a location, it could be possible to calculate the earthquake date and time, and the magnitude. Properties of earth rotation harmonics triggered earthquake are discussed and verified with earthquake data from USGS website. Also, both earth tide and ocean tide effects on earthquake are discussed and verified with earthquake data—tides did not trigger the natural earthquake, they only affect the earthquake activities and time.

Volcano video data characterized and classified using computer vision and machine learning algorithms

Video cameras are common at volcano observatories,but their utility is often limited during periods of crisis due to the large data volume from continuous acquisition and time requirements for manual analysis.For cameras to serve as effective monitoring tools,video frames must be synthesized into relevant time series signals and further analyzed to classify and characterize observable activity.In this study,we use computer vision and machine learning algorithms to identify periods of volcanic activity and quantify plume rise velocities from video observations.Data were collected at Villarrica Volcano,Chile from two visible band cameras located^17 km from the vent that recorded at 0.1 and 30 frames per second between February and April 2015.Over these two months,Villarrica exhibited a diverse range of eruptive activity,including a paroxysmal eruption on 3 March.Prior to and after the eruption,activity included nighttime incandescence,dark and light emissions,inactivity,and periods of cloud cover.We quantify the color and spatial extent of plume emissions using a blob detection algorithm,whose outputs are fed into a trained artificial neural network that categorizes the observable activity into five classes.Activity shifts from primarily nighttime incandescence to ash emissions following the 3 March paroxysm,which likely relates to the reemergence of the buried lava lake.Time periods exhibiting plume emissions are further analyzed using a row and column projection algorithm that identifies plume onsets and calculates apparent plume horizontal and vertical rise velocities.Plume onsets are episodic,occurring with an average period of^50 s and suggests a puffing style of degassing,which is commonly observed at Villarrica.However,the lack of clear acoustic transients in the accompanying infrasound record suggests puffing may be controlled by atmospheric effects rather than a degassing regime at the vent.Methods presented here offer a generalized toolset for volcano monitors to classify and track emission statistics at a variety of volcanoes to better monitor periods of unrest and ultimately forecast major eruptions.

Volcanology and Archaeology for Better Understanding the History of Campi Flegrei: Post-NYT Bradyseisms and More Rapid Deformation

The Campi Flegrei volcanic district includes insular (Ischia and Procida Islands) and peninsular volcanic activity (Campi Flegrei volcanic field) with the link to older activity till Ponza Island. The history of this area has been studied in detail since the eruption of the Campanian Ignimbrite (CI, age: 39 ky BP, volume: 200 - 300 km3), which makes this one of the most powerful eruptions in Europe. In the Neapolitan Yellow Tuff (NYT: age: 15.0 ky BP, volume: 50 km3), another powerful eruption occurred. Activity younger than the NYT can be subdivided in three epochs which include 70 recognized ephemeral eruptions. The volume of these individual eruptions is between 0.4 and 1 km3 (DRE). Probably, the long-lasting magma reservoirs (i.e., CI and NYT) represent eruptions that are fed by deep magma reservoirs. In deep reservoirs (>10 km), magmas stagnate, differentiate and are probably modified by crustal components (Hercynian basement). The long-lasting reservoirs are also the ones that feed the ephemeral shallow magmatic system (2 - 5 km) that gave rise to the post-caldera magmatic epochs. However, the magmas of the post-caldera epochs are isotopically heterogeneous and made by several components (i.e., least evolved (as an example the Minopoli eruption, 9500 y BP), CI, and NYT components). Mixing between ephemeral shallow reservoirs occurs. Mixing of long lasting reservoirs also occurs;and also during explosive eruptions. The concentration of earthquakes and the deformation history suggest that Campi Flegrei could erupt again with an ephemeral eruption, especially if the uplift will reach 5 - 6 m like Monte Nuovo eruption, given existing uplift of 1970-72 and 1983-84.

Evolution History of Gassan Volcano, Northeast Japan Arc

Evolution history of the volcano is essential not only to characterize the volcano, but also consider magma genesis beneath the volcano. Most of the stratovolcanoes in northeast Japan follow a general evolutional course: cone building, horse-shoe shaped caldera forming collapse, and post-caldera stages. However, the detailed history of each stage is not well investigated. We investigated evolution history of young edifice of Gassan volcano, representative stratovolcano in rear side of northeast Japan arc. Most of the products are lavas, which are divided into two groups by geomorphologic and geologic features. The former (Gassan lower lavas) is composed of relatively thin and fluidal lavas, whose original geomorphology remains a little, while the latter (Gassan upper lavas) is composed of relatively thick and viscous lavas, whose original geomorphology is moderately preserved. Based on geologic features, the upper lavas can be further divided into Gassan upper north lavas and upper summit lavas in ascending order. After the formation of the thick lavas, horse-shoe shaped caldera was formed by the instability of the edifice, probably triggered by fault activity. No evidence of post caldera activity inner part of it is observed. Based on K-Ar data, estimated age of Gassan lower lavas is ca. 0.75 to ca. 0.6 Ma, those of Gassan upper north and upper summit lavas are ca. 0.60 to ca. 0.55 Ma and ca. 0.55 to ca. 0.45 Ma. The eruption rate is estimated to be ca. 0.0004 km3/1000 years in Gassan lower lavas and ca. 0.02 km3/1000 years in Gassan upper summit lavas. These values are lower than the eruption rate of representative Japanese stratovolcanoes.

Deep structure and origin of active volcanoes in China

We synthesize significant recent results on the deep structure and origin of the active volcanoes in China's Mainland. Magmatism in the western Pacific arc and back-arc areas is caused by dehydration of the subducting slab and by corner flow in the mantle wedge, whereas the intraplate magmatism in China has different origins. The active volcanoes in Northeast China （such as the Changbai and Wudalianchi） are caused by hot upwelling in the big mantle wedge （BMW） above the stagnant slab in the mantle transition zone and deep slab dehydration as well. The Tengchong volcano in Southwest China is caused by a similar process in the BMW above the subducting Burma microplate （or Indian plate）. The Hainan volcano in southernmost China is a hotspot fed by a lower-mantle plume which may be associated with the Pacific and Philippine Sea slabs＇ deep subduction in the east and the Indian slab＇s deep subduction in the west down to the lower mantle. The stagnant slab finally collapses down to the bottom of the mantle, which can trigger the upwelling of hot mantle materials from the lower mantle to the shallow mantle beneath the subducting slabs and may cause the slab-plume interactions.

Three-dimensional crustal movement and the activities of earthquakes,volcanoes and faults in Hainan Island,China

Hainan Island is a seismic active region, where Qiongshan M7.5 earthquake occurred in 1605 and several seismic belts appeared in recent years, especially the NS trending seismic belt （NSB） located in the northeast part of the island. Here is also a magmatic active region. The lava from about 100 volcanoes covered more than 4000 km^2. The latest eruptions occurred on Ma＇anling-Lei Huling volcanoes within 10,000 years. The neotectonic movement has been determined by geological method in the island and its adjacent areas. In the paper, the present-day 3D crustal movement is obtained by using Global Positioning System （GPS） data observed from 2009 to 2014 and leveling observations measured in 1970s and 1990s respectively. The results show the horizontal movement is mainly along SEE direction relative to the Eurasian Plate. The velocities are between 4.01 and 6.70 mm/a. The tension rate near the NSB is less than I mm/a. The vertical movement shows the island uplifts as a whole with respect to the reference benchmark Xiuyinggang. The average uplifting rate is 2.4 mm/a. The rates are 2-3 mm/a in the northwest and 3-5mm/a in the northwest. It shows the deformation pattern of the southwest island is upward relative to the northeast, which is different from the result inferred from the coastal change and GPS. Haikou and its adjacent region present a subsidence in a long time. The southern part of the middle segment of the Wangwu-Wenjiao fault uplifts relative to the northern. Meanwhile, the western part uplifts relative to the eastern NSB. The vertical crustal motion and the two normal faults nearly correspond to the terrain. The NSB is located along the Puqiangang-Dazhibo fault, which is assessed as a segmented fault with a dip of 80°-90° and party exposed. The 3D deformations and other studies reveal the present activities of earthquakes, volcanoes and the faults. The small earthquakes will still occur in the NS belt and the volcanoes are not active now.

Behavior of Siderophile and Chalcophile Elements in the Subcontinental Lithospheric Mantle beneath the Changbaishan Volcano,NE China

The mantle xenoliths in the Quaternary ChangbaishanVolcano in southern Jilin Province contain spinel-facies lherzolites. The equilibration temperatures for these samples range from 902℃ to 1064℃ based on the two-pyroxene thermometer of Brey and Kohler （1990）, and using the oxybarometry of Nell and Wood （1991）, the oxidation state was estimated from FMQ-1.32 to -0.38 with an average value of FMQ-0.81 （n = 8）, which is comparable to that of abyssal peridotites and the asthenospheric mantle. ThefO2 values of peridotites, together with their bulk rock compositions （e.g., Mg#, Al2O3, CaO, Ni, Co, Cr） and mineral compositions （e.g., Mg# of olivine and pyroxene, Cr# [=Cr/ [Cr＋Al]] and Mg# [=Mg/[Mg＋Fe2~] of spinel）, suggest that the present-day subcontinental lithospheric mantle （SCLM） beneath the Changbaishan Volcano most likely formed from an upwelling asthenosphere at some time after the late Mesozoic and has undergone a low degree of partial melting. The studied lherzolite xenoliths show low concentrations of S, Cu, and platinum group elements （PGE）, which plot a flat pattern on primitive-mantle normalized diagram. Very low concentrations in our samples suggest that PGEs occur as alloys or hosted by silicate and oxide minerals. The compositions of the studied samples are similar to those of peridotite xenoliths in the Longgang volcanic field （LVF） in their mineralogy and bulk rock compositions including the abundance of chalcophile and siderophile elements. However, they are distinctly different from those of peridotite xenoliths in other areas of the North China Craton （NCC） in terms of Cu, S and PGE. Our data suggest that the SCLM underlying the northeastern part of the NCC may represent a distinct unit of the newly formed lithospberic mantle.

S-wave velocity structure beneath Changbaishan volcano inferred from receiver function

The S wave velocity structure in Changbaishan volcanic region was obtained from teleseismic receiver function modeling. The results show that there exist distinct low velocity layers in crust in volcano area. Beneath WQD station near to the Tianchi caldera the low velocity layer at 8 km depth is 20 km thick with the lowest S-wave velocity about 2.2 km/s At EDO station located 50 km north of Tianchi caldera, no obvious crustal low velocity layer is detected. In the volcanic region, the thickness of crustal low velocity layer is greater and the lowest velocity is more obvious with the distance shorter to the caldera. It indicates the existence of the high temperature material or magma reservoir in crust near the Tianchi caldera. The receiver functions and inversion result from different back azimuths at CBS permanent seismic station show that the thickness of near surface low velocity layer and Moho depth change with directions. The near surface low velocity layer is obviously thicker in south direction. The Moho depth shows slight uplifting in the direction of the caldera located. We con- sider that the special near surface velocity structure is the main cause of relatively lower prominent frequency of volcanic earthquake waveforms recorded by CBS station. The slight uplifting of Moho beneath Tianchi caldera indicates there is a material exchanging channel between upper mantle and magma reservoir in crust.

Study of Distal Pyroclastic-flow Stratum from Tianchi Volcano in 1215(±15) Eruption:Pyroclastic-flow Over Water

In this paper, we describe three strata at the distal part of the pyroclastic-flow from the Tianchi volcano in 1215 （±15） eruption. One of the strata with crosslayers that are different from typical pyroclastic-flow strata may come from a ground-surge. The grain-size and scanning electron microscopy （SEM） analysis was performed to study the origin of the pyroclastic-flow. Characteristics of grain-size distribution show that it is similar with the ash cloud. Through the SEM analyses, we found some quench structures with less damage on the surfaces of the vitric pumices. These phenomena indicate that there has been hydration in the transportation processes at the distal of pyroclastic-flow. It has partly changed the transportation mechanism of pyroclastic-flow, which transitions form dense flow to diluted flow. This paper develops a new distal pyroclastic-flow model in the Tianchi volcano that can be divided into three stages, i.e. the quench stage, expanding stage and depositing stage.

Magmatic Processes of Ashi Volcano, Western Kunlun Mountains, China

The Ashikule volcanic cluster （AVC） in western Kunlun Mountains is located in a graben region at the convergence of the Altun and Kangxiwa fault zones,and consists of more than 10 main volcanoes and dozens of volcanelloes.The Ashi volcano lies in the central part of the volcanic cluster.The lithology,chemical composition and texture of Ashi volcanic rocks were studied in detail,and their implication in magmatic processes was discussed.The phenocrysts in Ashi volcanic rocks consist mainly of plagioclase and pyroxene,and the statistical results of phenocryst contents show that the rocks can be subdivided into two groups.In group A,the content of pyroxene phenocrysts is generally higher than that of plagioclase phenocrysts,but an inverse relation occurs in group B.In TAS diagram,the compositions of both groups fall into the trachyandensite field,but they are obviously concentrated into two clusters.The two clusters exist also in the oxide diagrams.The pyroxene phenocrysts comprise augite,bronzite and hypersthene,and their Mg# histogram shows two peaks.Plagioclase phenocrysts with reaction rim are observed in rocks of both groups.The An values of the core are generally 30-40,and those of the rim are 44-48,which are closer to those of euhedral plagioclases.The bronzites are in equilibrium with the melt,and two sets of magma depths,i.e.,18-25 km and 13-18 km,can be estimated by using thermobarometer proposed by Putirka.The hypersthenes are not in equilibrium with the melt,and can be assigned to xenocrysts.The crystal size distribution （CSD） curves of plagioclase appear as kinked lines indicative of magma mixing.The above analyses show that two magma pockets might exist beneath the Ashi volcano.It is likely that they are connected with each other.The one has more evolved and contains more acidic magma,and the other is a trachyandensite magma pocket characterized by layering.The magma from the upper part of the trachyandensite magma pocket might mix with more acidic magma,resulting in a magma that is more acidic than the magma from the lower part.

人教版高二(上)第十单元阅读课 “Under the Volcano”教学设计

<普通高中英语新课程标准>为我们设计教学活动和制定教学目标提供了重要依据.<新课标>提出,英语教学的总体目标是提高学生的综合语言运用能力,包括知识目标、技能目标、策略目标、情感目标和文化意识.这就要求教师在教学中促使学生知识与技能、过程与方法和情感态度的统一.为了实现这一目标我们可以采用TBT(Task-based Teaching)型教学方法.根据DavidNunan的教学设计思想,任务以任务链的形式出现,上一级任务为下一级任务作铺垫,层层叠进,最后达到能用英语做事的目的.

Baossi–Warack monogenetic volcanoes, Adamawa Plateau,Cameroon: petrography, mineralogy and geochemistry

Three monogenetic cones in the Baossi–Warack area, Ngaoundéré, Adamawa Plateau forming part of the Cameroon Volcanic Line(CVL) are documented in this study. Basaltic lavas(<1 km^3) scattered around these vents and restricted volcaniclastic deposits were emplaced by Hawaiian and mild strombolian style eruptions. The lavas are porphyritic, mainly composed of olivine(chrysolite) and clinopyroxene(diopside and augite) phenocrysts and plagioclase(andesine) microphenocrysts. Accessory minerals include titano-magnetite and titano-hematite, nepheline,apatite and amphibole xenocrysts. Sanidine occurs in some samples and sodi-potassic albite in others. Some olivines and clinopyroxenes exhibit resorbed margins and thin reaction rims while plagioclase displays oscillatory zoning, and sieved textures as a result of magma mixing. Whole-rock geochemistry data indicates that the lavas are silica-undersaturated, composed of basanites and basalts, showing little compositional variations(SiO_2: 39.20 wt.%–48.01 wt.%,MgO: 5.29 wt.%–9.70 wt.%). Trace elements patterns of these lavas suggest they are enriched in LILE including Pb,probably due to crustal contamination. REE patterns suggest cogenetic magmas below Baossi 1 and Baossi 2 volcanoes,and distinct sources below Warack volcano and nearby lavas.The lavas studied show affinity to high-μ(HIMU), enriched type Ⅰ(EM1) and Oceanic Island Basalt(OIB)-like mantle signatures and thus indicate a heterogeneous mantle source underneath the vents as noted at other monogenetic and polygenetic volcanoes along the CVL. Primary melts derived from low degrees of partial melting(0.5%–2%) and encountered low rates of fractionation, and crustal contamination coupled with magma mixing. These melts evolved independently through structural weaknesses in the basement.

The effect of Saccharomyces cerevisiae on digestion and mortality in the volcano rabbit(Romerolagus diazi)

An experiment was conducted to evaluate whether supplementation with a probiotic could enhance digestion and reduce mortality in the volcano rabbit in captivity. Two enclosures at Chapultepec Zoo, Mexico（114 individuals） were used in a crossover design（two periods of 60 days） with the following treatments： control group and supplementation with Saccharomyces cerevisiae（2×108 CFU/exhibit/day）. Supplementation with the probiotic negatively affected（P〈0.01） the digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, neutral detergent fiber（NDF） and energy. Mortality increased（P〈0.04） following supplementation with the probiotic（4.26% vs. 8.89%）, primarily in the juvenile rabbits. The results indicate that yeast supplementation in the volcano rabbit negatively affects digestion and mortality in captivity.

Identifying the Zn-Co binary as a robust bifunctional electrocatalyst in oxygen reduction and evolution reactions via shifting the apexes of the volcano plot

The performance of an electrocatalyst is closely correlated with the binding strength of key oxygencontaining intermediates,i.e.,*OOH,*O and*OH,in the oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)and oxygen evolution reaction(OER).Facile strategies to achieve favorable binding strength of these oxygen-containing species are urgently demanded,yet it still remains great challenges.Herein,the Zn-Co bimetallic isolation,which serves as an ideal model,is studied systematically by the density functional theory(DFT).Reaction activity volcano plots are built from 48 models,among them the ZnCoN6-gra(I)configuration is confirmed to be the most stable,featured of the strongest interaction with the oxygen-containing species.Optimal △G*O(free energy change of an atomic oxygen containing intermediate)is facilitated,which effectively drifts the volcano peaks of ORR and OER closer to each other,enabling promising bifunctional catalyst.Moreover,the small overpotential in the simulation of protonation and oxidation by hydroxy groups rationalizes the durability of the catalyst in both acid and alkaline media.

TECTONIC EVOLUTION OF THE EOCENE DROSH-VOLCANO-SEDIMENTARY BASIN IN NW-KOHISTAN ISLAND ARC TERRANE, HINDUKUSH, N. PAKISTAN

In NW Himalayas, the suture zone between the collided Indian and the Karakoram plates is occupied by crust of the Cretaceous Kohistan Island\|Arc Terrane [1] . Late Cretaceous (about 90Ma) accretion with the southern margin of the Karakoram Plate at the site of the Shyok Suture Zone turned Kohistan to become an Andean\|type margin. The Neotethys was completely subducted at the southern margin of Kohistan by Early Tertiary, leading to collision between Kohistan and continental crust of the Indian plate at the site of the Main mantle thrust.More than 80% of the Kohistan terrane comprises plutonic rocks of (1) ultramafic to gabbroic composition forming the basal crust of the intra\|oceanic stage of the island arc, and (2) tonalite\|granodiorite\|granite composition belong to the Kohistan Batholith occupying much of the intermediate to shallow crust of the terrane mostly intruded in the Andean\|type margin stage [2] . Both these stages of subduction\|related magmatism were associated with volcanic and sedimentary rocks formed in Late Cretaceous and Early Tertiary basins. This study addresses tectonic configuration of Early Tertiary Drosh basin exposed in NW parts of the Kohistan terrane, immediately to the south of the Shyok Suture Zone.

Could the Recent Taal Volcano Eruption Trigger an El Ni?o and Lead to Eurasian Warming?

The Taal Volcano in Luzon is one of the most active and dangerous volcanoes of the Philippines.A recent eruption occurred on 12 January 2020(Fig.1a),and this volcano is still active with the occurrence of volcanic earthquakes.The eruption has become a deep concern worldwide,not only for its damage on local society,but also for potential hazardous consequences on the Earth’s climate and environment.

Iron Speciation of Mud Breccia from the Dushanzi Mud Volcano in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,NW China

Organic-inorganic interactions occurring in petroleum-related mud volcanoes can help predict the chemical processes that are responsible for methane emissions to the atmosphere. Seven samples of mud breccia directly ejected from one crater were collected in the Dushanzi mud volcano, along with one argillite sample of the original reddish host rocks distal from the crater, for comparison purposes. The mineral and chemical compositions as well as iron species of all samples were determined using XRD, XRF and M?ssbauer spectroscopy, respectively. The results indicate that a series of marked reactions occurred in the mud volcano systems, more specifically in the mud breccia when compared to the original rocks. Changes mainly included:(1) some conversion of clay minerals from smectite into chlorite and illite, and the precipitation of secondary carbonate minerals such as calcite and siderite;(2) silicon depletion and significant elemental enrichment of iron, manganese, magnesium, calcium and phosphorus; and(3) transformation of iron from ferric species in hematite and smectite into ferrous species in siderite, chlorite and illite. These geochemical reactions likely induced the color changes of the original reddish Neogene argillite to the gray or black mud breccia, as a result of reduction of elements and/or alteration of minerals associated with the oxidation of hydrocarbons. Our results also suggest that greenhouse gases emitted from the mud volcanoes are lowered through a series of methane oxidation reactions and carbon fixation(i.e., through carbonate precipitation).

Micro-textures in plagioclase from 1994-1995 eruption, Barren Island Volcano: Evidence of dynamic magma plumbing system in the Andaman subduction zone

A systematic account of micro-textures and a few compositional profiles of plagioclase from high-alumina basaltic aa lava erupted during the year 1994-1995, from Barren Island Volcano, NE India ocean, are presented for the first time. The identified micro-textures can be grouped into two categories： （i） Growth related textures in the form of coarse/fine-sieve morphology, fine-scale oscillatory zoning and resorption surfaces resulted when the equilibrium at the crystal-melt interface was fluctuated due to change in temperature or H20 or pressure or composition of the crystallizing melt; and （ii） morphological texture, like glomerocryst, synneusis, swallow-tailed crystal, microlite and broken crystals, formed by the influence of dynamic behavior of the crystallizing magma （convection, turbulence, degassing, etc.）. Each micro-texture has developed in a specific magmatic environment, accordingly, a first order magma plumbing model and crystallization dynamics are envisaged for the studied lava unit. Magma generated has undergone extensive fractional crystallization of An-rich plagioclase in stable magmatic environment at a deeper depth. Subsequently they ascend to a shallow chamber where the newly brought crystals and pre-existing crystals have undergone dynamic crystallization via dissolution-regrowth processes in a convective self- mixing environment. Such repeated recharge-recycling processes have produced various populations of plagioclase with different micro-textural stratigraphy in the studied lava unit. Intermittent degassing and eruption related decompression have also played a major role in the final stage of crystallization dynamics.