Eighty-one wheat accessions including 50 southern regional performance nursery (SRPN) lines and 31 northern regional performance nursery (NRPN) lines from the United States were tested to evaluate the growth habit...Eighty-one wheat accessions including 50 southern regional performance nursery (SRPN) lines and 31 northern regional performance nursery (NRPN) lines from the United States were tested to evaluate the growth habit by chilling treatments and to estimate the VRN allele variation with 19 pairs of published VRN primers. Two spring wheat accessions and 44 semi-spring wheat accessions were confirmed based on their chilling days' requirement and polymorphism was found at VRN loci. The Vrn-A1 allele had the highest frequency in the RPN accessions and VA1-CAPs markers identified growth habit of RPN lines. No polymorphism was found at the VRN3 loci and some polymorphism at the region of promoter and the first intron of VRN1 was not always consistent to growth habit in the wheat RPN accessions. The existence of variation in VRN alleles suggested that singly using the dominant Vrn allele is possible to extend the diversity of wheat accessions and improve their adaption to different environments in autumn-sowing region. This information will be useful for the cultivars exploitation and wheat breeding program.展开更多
In cereal species such as wheat (</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Ttiticum aestivum</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">) and barley (</s...In cereal species such as wheat (</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Ttiticum aestivum</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">) and barley (</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Hordeum vulg</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">are</span></i><span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">), many studies have indicated that</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> VERNALIZATION </span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">1</span><i> </i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">(</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">VRN</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">1)</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> functions as a flowering promoter, which activates florigen gene expression. The wheat florigen gene </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Wheat FLOWERING LOCUS T</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> (</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">WFT</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">, which is identical to </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">VRN</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">3) is an integrator of the vernalization, photoperiod and au</span><span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">tonomous pathways in wheat flowering, and the </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">WFT</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> expression is corre</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">lated with the </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">V</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">RN</span></i><span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">1</span><i> </i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">expression. </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">VRN</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">1</span><i> </i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">encodes an APETALA1/FRUITFULL-lik</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">e MADS-box transcription factor which expression is induced by vernalization, leading to flowering thorough up-regulation of </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">WFT</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">. In </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Arabidopsis</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">, it has been reported that protein-protein interactions are keys for MADS-box protein function and MADS-box transcription factors must dimerize to bind to the target gene. In this study, by using gel permeation chromatography (GPC) with purified VRN1 protein, we indicated the possibility that VRN1 protein exists as tetramer-like as flowering homeotic MADS-box proteins in </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Arabidopsis</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">.展开更多
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province,China (C2006000720)the Hebei Excellent Expert Training Oversea Project,China
文摘Eighty-one wheat accessions including 50 southern regional performance nursery (SRPN) lines and 31 northern regional performance nursery (NRPN) lines from the United States were tested to evaluate the growth habit by chilling treatments and to estimate the VRN allele variation with 19 pairs of published VRN primers. Two spring wheat accessions and 44 semi-spring wheat accessions were confirmed based on their chilling days' requirement and polymorphism was found at VRN loci. The Vrn-A1 allele had the highest frequency in the RPN accessions and VA1-CAPs markers identified growth habit of RPN lines. No polymorphism was found at the VRN3 loci and some polymorphism at the region of promoter and the first intron of VRN1 was not always consistent to growth habit in the wheat RPN accessions. The existence of variation in VRN alleles suggested that singly using the dominant Vrn allele is possible to extend the diversity of wheat accessions and improve their adaption to different environments in autumn-sowing region. This information will be useful for the cultivars exploitation and wheat breeding program.
文摘In cereal species such as wheat (</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Ttiticum aestivum</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">) and barley (</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Hordeum vulg</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">are</span></i><span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">), many studies have indicated that</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> VERNALIZATION </span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">1</span><i> </i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">(</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">VRN</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">1)</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> functions as a flowering promoter, which activates florigen gene expression. The wheat florigen gene </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Wheat FLOWERING LOCUS T</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> (</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">WFT</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">, which is identical to </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">VRN</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">3) is an integrator of the vernalization, photoperiod and au</span><span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">tonomous pathways in wheat flowering, and the </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">WFT</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> expression is corre</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">lated with the </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">V</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">RN</span></i><span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">1</span><i> </i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">expression. </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">VRN</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">1</span><i> </i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">encodes an APETALA1/FRUITFULL-lik</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">e MADS-box transcription factor which expression is induced by vernalization, leading to flowering thorough up-regulation of </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">WFT</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">. In </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Arabidopsis</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">, it has been reported that protein-protein interactions are keys for MADS-box protein function and MADS-box transcription factors must dimerize to bind to the target gene. In this study, by using gel permeation chromatography (GPC) with purified VRN1 protein, we indicated the possibility that VRN1 protein exists as tetramer-like as flowering homeotic MADS-box proteins in </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Arabidopsis</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">.