Non-thermal ablation of rabbit liver VX2 tumor by pulsed high intensity focused ultrasound with ultrasound contrast agent:Pathological characteristics

AIM： To investigate the pathological characteristics of non-thermal damage induced by pulsed high intensity focused ultrasound （PHIFU） combined with ultrasound contrast agent （UCA）, SonoVue （Bracco SpA, Milan, Italy） in rabbit liver VX2 tumor. METHODS： Liver VX2 tumor models were established in 20 rabbits, which were divided randomly into PHIFU combined with ultrasound contrast agent group （PHIFU ＋ UCA group） and sham group. In the PHIFU ＋ UCA group, 0.2 mL of SonoVue was injected intravenously into the tumor, followed by ultrasound exposure of Isp 5900 W/cm^2. The rabbits were sacrificed one day after ultrasound exposure. Specimens of the exposed tumor tissues were obtained and observed pathologically under light microscope and transmission electron microscope. The remaining tumor tissues were sent for 2,3,5-Triphenyltetrazolium chloride （TTC） staining. RESULTS： Before Trc staining, tumor tissues in both the sham and the PHIFU ＋ UCA groups resembled gray fish meat, After TIC staining, the tumor tissues were uniformly stained red, with a clear boundary between tumor tissue and normal tissue, Histological examination showed signs of tumor cell injury in PHIFU ＋ UCA group, with cytoplasmic vacuoles of various sizes, chromatin margination and karyopyknosis. Electron microscopic examination revealed tumor cell volume reduction, karyopyknosis, chromatin margination, intercellular space widening, the presence of high electro＇n-density apoptotic bodies and vacuoles in cytoplasm. CONCLUSION： The non-thermal effects of PHIFU combined with UCA can be used to ablate rabbit liver VX2 tumors.

Assessment of hepatic VX_2 tumors with combined percutaneous transhepatic lymphosonography and contrast-enhanced ultrasonographic imaging

AIM： To evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of percutaneous transhepatic lymphosonography （PTL） as a novel method for the detection of tumor lymphangiogenesis in hepatic VX2 of rabbits and to evaluate combined PTL and routine contrast-enhanced ultrasonographic imaging for the diagnosis of liver cancer. METHODS： Ten rabbits with VX2 tumor were included in this study. SonoVue （0.1 mL/kg） was injected into each rabbit via an ear vein for contrast-enhanced ultrasonographic imaging, and 0.5 mL SonoVue was injected into the normal liver parenchyma near the VX2 tumor for PTL. Images and/or movie clips were stored for further analysis. RESULTS： UItrasonographic imaging showed VX2 tumors ranging 5-19 mm in the liver of rabbits. The VX2 tumor was hyperechoic and hypoechoic to liver parenchyma at the early and later phase, respectively. The hepatic lymph vessels were visualized immediately after injection of contrast medium and continuously vi- sualized with SonoVue during PTL. The boundaries of VX2 tumors were hyperechoic to liver parenchyma and the tumors. There was a significant difference in the values for the boundaries of VX2 tumors after injection compared with the liver normal parenchyma and the tumor parenchyma during PTL.CONCLUSION： PTL is a novel method for the detection of tumor lymphangiogenesis in hepatic VX2 of rabbits. Combined PTL and contrast-enhanced ultrasonographic imaging can improve the diagnosis of liver cancer.

Expression of MMP-2 in residual VX2 liver tumor after transcatheter arterial embolization combined with portal venous embolization in an animal model

Objective:This study aimed to analyze the effects of transcatheter arterial embolization(TAE)combined with portal venous embolization(PVE)on the expression of MMP-2 in residual VX2 liver tumor tissues,liver function and non-embolic lobe regeneration.Methods:A total of 72 rabbits were randomly divided into Sham,TAE,PVE and TAE+PVE groups(n=18/group).The tissue samples from each group were taken at 6 h,3 days and 7 days after interventional operation,respectively.MMP-2 expression was detected by immunohistochemistry,Real-time PCR,and Western-blotting.The main indicators(such as AST,ATL,and TBIL)of liver function and the volume of non-embolized hepatic lobes were measured in each group after operation.One-way ANOVA and Kruskal-wallis method were used for statistical analysis.Results:The expression of MMP-2 mRNA and protein remained the highest in the Sham group,and the expression of MMP-2 mRNA and protein in TAE,PVE and TAE+PVE groups were successively increased,and the expression of MMP-2 in TAE+PVE group was always significantly higher than TAE group.The AST and ALT levels in each group on day 7 after operation showed a significant declination,and all groups have recovered to the preoperative baseline level and TBIL has a slight fluctuation in each group after operation with no statistical difference.On day 7 after operation,the increasing volume of non-embolized liver lobes in TAE+PVE group showed a more significant effect than those in PVE group,but there was no statistical significance(37.62±1.54 ml VS 36.18±1.15 ml,P=0.881),and its volume was significantly higher than those in the sham group(27.03±1.11 ml).Conclusion:TAE+PVE is considered to be an efficient and safe approach for treating rabbit VX2 liver transplantation tumor,but the expression of MMP-2 increased fastest after TAE+PVE,which might promote tumor cell invasion and metastasis.

Establishing models of portal vein occlusion and evaluating value of multi-slice CT in hepatic VX2 tumor in rabbits

AIM： To establish models of portal vein occlusion of hepatic VX2 tumor in rabbits and to evaluate the value of multi-slice CT. METHODS： Forty New Zealand rabbits were divided into 4 groups according to digital table： Immediate group （group A; transplantation of tumor immediately after the portal vein occlusion）, 3-wk group （group B; transplantation of tumor at 3 wk after the portal vein occlusion）, negative control group （group C） and positive control group （group D）, 10 rabbits in each group. Hepatic VX2 tumor was transplanted with abdominalembedding innoculation immediately after the portal vein occlusion and at 3 wk after the portal vein occlusion. Meanwhile, they were divided into negative control group （Left external branch of portal vein was occluded by sham-operation, and left exite was embedded and inoculated pseudoly） and positive control group （Transplanted tumor did not suffer from the portal vein occlusion）. All rabbits were scanned with multi-slice CT. RESULTS： All 40 animals were employed in the final analysis without death. Tumor did not grow in both immediate group and 3-wk group. In 3-wk group, left endite was atrophied and growth of tumor was inhibited. The maximal diameter of tumor was significantly smaller than that in positive control group （2.55±0.46 vs 3.59±0.37 cm, t = 5.57, P 〈 0.001）. Incidences of metastasis in the liver and lung were lower in 3-wk group than those in positive control group （10% vs 400, and 90% vs 100%, respectively）. The expression intensities of the vascular endothelium growth factor （VEGF） in groups A, B, C and D were 0.10±0.06, 0.66±0.21, 0.28±0.09 and 1.48±0.32, respectively. VEGF expression level in the test group A was significantly lower than that in the negative control group C （t = 5.07; P 〈 0.001）.In addition, VEGF expression in the test group B was significantly lower than that in the positive control group D （t = 6.38; P 〈 0.001）. Scanning with multi-slice CT showed that displaying rate of hepatic artery branches was obviously lower in grade Ⅲ（40%） than that in grade Ⅰ（70%） and Ⅱ（100%） （P 〈 0.05）; but there was no significant difference in displaying rate of the portal vein at various grades. Values of blood flow （BF） of the liver, blood volume （BV）, mean transit time （MTT） and permeability of vascular surface （PS） were lower in the immediate group and 3-wk group than those in control groups, but values of hepatic arterial fraction （HAF） were increased. Significant positive correlations were existed between BF and BV （r = 0.905, P 〈 0.01）, and between BF and PS （r = 0.967, P 〈 0.01）, between BV and PS （r = 0.889, P 〈 0.01）. A significant negative correlation existed between PV and HAF （r = -0.768, P 〈 0.01）, between PS and HAF （r = -0.557, P 〈 0.01）. The values of BF, BV and PS had a positive correlation with VEGF （rBF = 0.842, rBV = 0.579, rPS = 0.811, P 〈 0.01） . However, there was no significant correlation between the values of MTT and HAF and the VEGF expression （rMTt = 0.066, rHAF = -0.027）. CONCLUSION： Ligating the left external branch of portal vein is an ideal way to establish models of portal vein occlusion in rabbits with hepatic VX2 tumor. Multi slice CT plays a key role in evaluating effect of portal vein occlusion.

A Correlative Study between CT Perfusion Parameters and Angiogenesis in Rabbit VX2 Liver Tumors

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the correlation between CT perfusion parameters and the hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α), vascular en-dothelial growth factor (VEGF), matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and microvessel density (MVD) marked by CD34 molecular of rabbit VX2 liver tumors and to investigate the value of CT perfusion imaging in evaluating tumor angiogenesis. Material and methods: Twenty-four cases of rabbit VX2 liver tumor were performed by CT perfusion scanning. Hepatic artery perfusion (HAP), portal vein perfusion (PVP), total hepatic blood flow (THBF) and hepatic perfusion index (HPI) were measured by perfusion software. HIF-1α, VEGF and MMP-2 expression and MVD were detected in the 24 rabbit VX2 liver tumor tissue samples using immunohistochemical method. The correlation between the HIF-1α, VEGF, MMP-2 expression and MVD and CT perfusion parameters were analyzed. Results: Correlation analysis revealed that the expression of HIF-1α, MMP-2, MVD were positively related to the HAP, THBF, HPI (p < 0.01), but no relations with PVP (p > 0.05);and correlation analysis revealed that the expression of VEGF was positively related to the HAP, HPI (p 0.05). There was a positive relationship between the expression of HIF-1α, VEGF, MMP-2 and MVD (p < 0.01). Conclusions: CT perfusion imaging can reflect the blood perfusion of the rabbit VX2 liver tumors and evaluate the information of angiogenesis about tumors.

超声引导下组织块接种制作兔肾VX_2瘤模型及传代保存

目的 探讨术中组织块包埋和超声引导下穿刺组织块接种制作兔肾VX2 瘤模型的方法 ,并对这两种方法进行比较。方法 采用剪切法制备兔VX2 瘤组织块悬液 ,应用超声引导下经皮组织块推注法建立 5 8只兔肾VX2 肿瘤模型 ,应用术中组织块包埋法建立 8只兔肾VX2 肿瘤模型 ,应用自然组织谐波技术观察肿瘤生长 ,并观察浅表淋巴结转移及动物的一般情况 ;3周内自然死亡者立即行尸体解剖 ,未死者种植后 3周处死行尸体解剖 ,获得兔肾VX2 肿瘤标本 ,进行HE切片染色。结果 两种方法建立的兔肾VX2 瘤模型组织学表现与传代种兔相同 ;术中包埋组种植成功率 5 0 % ,超声引导下穿刺组种植成功率 96.5 5 % ;术中包埋组腹壁种植率 2 5 % ,超声引导下穿刺组腹壁种植率 5 .17%。结论 超声引导下穿刺法建立兔肾VX2 肿瘤模型方法简便 ,成功率高 。

兔VX_2肝癌模型的建立及超声评价

目的 探讨不同方法制作兔VX2 移植性肝癌模型的特点 ,评价超声检查在监测VX2 肝癌中的价值。方法 将VX2 细胞滤液、VX2 瘤株小块及VX2 瘤株小块 +明胶海绵分别注射或接种于 2 8只新西兰大白兔的肝脏内 ,一周后不同时间行超声检查。结果 A组滤液注射法 :平均成瘤时间约 2 1天 ,肝的原位成瘤率为 75 %。B组包块埋植法 :平均成瘤时间14天 ,肝的原位成瘤率为 83 %。C组包块埋植 +明胶海绵法 :平均成瘤时间 14天 ,肝的原位成瘤率 88%。三组成瘤率统计学无显著差异 ( χ2 =1.118,P >0 .0 5 )。肝脏内的移植瘤在超声上均表现为低回声伴声晕的肿块 ,彩色多普勒血流成像表现为周边血供丰富 ,中央血供稀少。结论 三种方法均能制成肝癌模型 ,超声检查是一种监测肝癌模型的有效手段。

兔Vx-2移植性肝癌模型的建立及其影像学表现

目的 用 3种不同植瘤方式建立稳定的兔Vx 2移植性肝癌模型 ,分析移植性肝肿瘤的DSA影像特征。方法 6 0只新西兰白兔随机分成 3组 ,每组 2 0只。第 1组 ,将Vx 2瘤细胞 (约 5× 10 7个 )经肝动脉灌注入兔的肝脏 ;第 2组 ,将Vx 2瘤细胞 (约 5× 10 7个 )经剖腹途径接种于兔的肝左叶 ;第3组 ,将瘤组织块 (约含 10 6～ 10 8个瘤细胞 )经剖腹途径植入兔肝左叶。之后 ,对 3组兔比较观察 :1.不同方式植瘤的成活率 ;2 .肝内肿瘤体积变化和肿瘤生长率 ;3.大体及镜下 (光镜和电镜 )瘤组织形态特征 ;4 .成熟模型的DSA表现。结果 1.3组植瘤成活率分别为 7/ 2 0、10 / 2 0、19/ 2 0 ,第 3组植瘤成活率最高 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,其瘤体呈指数性生长 ;2 .病理学及CT表明该瘤在肝组织中呈浸润式生长 ,其性状与移植于兔其它部位的Vx 2鳞状细胞癌特征相似 ;3.DSA影像示移植性肝肿瘤具有丰富的血供。结论 成功建立了兔Vx 2移植性肝癌模型 ,瘤组织块种植方式成功率明显高于其他两种方法 。

兔肝脏、肌肉、皮下VX2肿瘤模型的建立和对比研究

目的通过对肝脏、肌肉及皮下不同部位兔VX2肿瘤模型的建立和比较,寻求更适合于肿瘤经皮介入治疗的荷瘤动物模型。方法将54只新西兰白兔按VX2肿瘤接种部位不同随机分为肝脏组、肌肉组和皮下组,每组18只。三组动物术后12、16、20 d均进行CT灌注扫描,测量肿瘤大小,每次各组分别处死6只兔进行病理观察,并对三组模型的建模手术时间、肿瘤体积及并发症等情况进行比较。结果皮下组肿瘤生长最慢,肌肉组其次,肝脏组生长最快,组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。接种第12天,肝脏组肿块长径已约1 cm,而皮下组则需20 d肿块长径才达1 cm左右,肌肉组肿块生长速度介于二者之间。三组建模所用时间分别为肝脏组(5.54±0.51)min,肌肉组(1.02±0.20)min,皮下组(0.98±0.21)min,肝脏组明显较长。除了肝脏组出现腹水、肝内转移及腹壁种植外,皮下组、肌肉组均无明显影响模型的情况。结论与肝脏和皮下建模相比,兔肌肉内VX2肿瘤模型具有操作简单,成瘤稳定,肿瘤生长速度适中的优点,更适合作为兔VX2瘤的经皮介入治疗模型。

瘤内注射臭氧致兔VX2瘤组织超微结构改变的研究

目的 研究瘤体内注射不同浓度臭氧（O3）后兔VX2瘤组织超微结构的改变，以探讨臭氧用于实验研究/临床应用的安全有效浓度，并根据超微结构改变持续时间，推断重复治疗可能的间隔时间。方法 20只荷瘤大白兔分为4组，对照组2只，T20（20%臭氧）、T40（40%臭氧）和T60组（60%臭氧）治疗组各6只，直视下按瘤体积2倍量不同浓度的O2/O3混合气体用注射器直接注入瘤体内，对照组（仅模拟穿刺）及各治疗组取2只兔在实验完成后即刻取材，剩余兔分别于术后第4、8天各处死2只取材、制片，用透射电镜观察。结果 T20组注射臭氧后即刻可见肿瘤细胞有轻微的损伤改变，线粒体轻微嵴溶解，少许线粒体呈球状肿胀，内质网扩张，部分核周间隙增宽，细胞间隙正常。T40组和T60组注射臭氧后即刻均可见肿瘤细胞有明显损伤，表现为线粒体明显肿胀，内质网扩张，细胞核肿胀，核周间隙增宽，部分细胞膜崩裂，组织结构崩解，术后第4天，可见大片坏死，炎细胞浸润，肿瘤细胞膜不完整，溶酶体线粒体形成（呈新月形黑颗粒）或线粒体溶解，内质网扩张，部分胞质溶解，细胞核不规则，核周间隙扩张，T60组更明显。血管内皮细胞也有损伤改变。3组的细胞损伤在术后第8天仍可观察到，但呈逐渐修复状态。结论 兔VX2瘤内注射20% ～ 60%臭氧后，都会对肿瘤细胞、瘤内血管内皮细胞造成损伤甚至死亡，20%的损伤较轻微，40% ～ 60%的比较明显，但综合安全性及治疗效果， 40%臭氧可能更为明显。虽然有部分修复，但术后第8天仍可见较明确的细胞损伤改变，故治疗间隔以4 ～ 8 d为宜。

兔VX_2肿瘤模型的建立及其在影像研究中的应用

目的 :建立VX2 瘤株兔多部位肿瘤模型、探讨其用于影像学研究的价值。材料和方法 :5 1只纯种新西兰大白兔分别用于建立肌肉、骨骼和颅脑VX2 肿瘤模型 ,用于X线照相、CT、MRI和3 1PMRS等多种影像研究。结果 :脊柱旁和后肢肌肉及长骨接种成功率高 ,其余部位接种成功率较差。接种成功部位各种影像检查图像质量良好。结论 :兔VX2 肿瘤模型易于建立 ,适合于肿瘤实验影像学研究。

实验性兔肾VX_2肿瘤的血流动力学变化研究

目的 探讨小肾癌对肾脏血流动力学的影响。方法 采用超声引导下经皮组织块推注法建立 5 6只兔肾VX2肿瘤模型 ,检测种植前及种植后不同时期的肾动脉 ,观察癌周和癌灶内部血流分布 ,检测肾动脉、癌周和癌灶内部的最大血流速度 (Vmax)、血流速度积分 (VTI)和阻力指数 (RI) ,分别对种植前及种植后不同时期的血流动力学参数进行对比分析。结果 随着种植时间的延长、肿瘤的增大 ,肾动脉的内径逐渐增宽 ,血流量逐渐增多。肾动脉Vmax、RI无明显变化。癌灶内血流分布以短线状和树枝状居多 (87.5 % ) ,癌灶周边以环状居多 (85 .7% )。癌灶内血流收缩期峰值速度明显低于周边 ,而阻力指数明显高于周边。兔肾VX2 瘤血流动力学特点为癌灶内部呈低速高阻型 ,周边呈高速低阻型。结论 随着小肾癌癌灶的增大肾脏血供增加 ;癌灶内部和癌灶周边血流动力学有明显差异。

兔肝Vx-2移植癌改良模型的建立

目的 培养、建立稳定的兔肝 ＶＸ－２移植癌模型，探讨不同植瘤方式的成功率。方法 ６０只新西兰白兔随机分 ３组，每组 ２０只。分别以不同的方式将 Ｖｘ－２瘤细胞植入兔的肝脏。观察：１．不同方式植瘤的成活率；２．Ｂ超测定肝内肿瘤 ７ｄ、１０ｄ、１４ｄ、１７ｄ、２１ｄ时的大小，并计算肿瘤生长率；３．大体及镜下（光镜和电镜）瘤组织形态特征。结果 １．三组植瘤成活率分别为 ７／２０、１０／２０、１９／２０，改良组植瘤成活率最高（Ｐ＜０．０５），瘤体呈指数性生长；２．病理学及ＣＴ表明该瘤在肝组织中呈浸润式生长，其性状与移植于兔其它部位的Ｖｘ－２鳞状细胞癌特征相似。结论 成功建立了兔肝Ｖｘ－２移植癌模型，瘤组织块种植方式成功率明显高于其它两组方式，为肝癌介入治疗的基础及临床研究，提供了成熟的大型实验动物模型。

建立兔移植性Vx-2肝癌模型的改进

目的 建立Vx 2兔移植性肝癌改良模型。方法 将Vx 2瘤粒经剖腹直接种植于肝实质内 ,依观察时间不同分成 3组 ,每组 10只 ,种植后分别观察 2、3、4周 ,对比观察其病理形态学和影像学表现。结果 15只种植成功 ,种植 2周组各项观察指标最为满意。结论 以瘤粒肝内种植方式、2周后可成功建立Vx 2兔移植性肝癌模型。

磁感应加温对兔耳VX-2肿瘤的杀伤效应

目的建立家兔耳部VX-2肿瘤模型,探讨磁感应加温方法对肿瘤的杀伤效应。方法于家兔耳部皮下注射VX-2肿瘤细胞悬液建立兔耳肿瘤模型,局部注射纳米Fe_3O_4微粒磁液并进行磁感应加温,观察瘤体大小及组织病理变化。结果兔耳皮下接种2×106个瘤细胞10天后能形成长径>5mm的类圆形VX-2肿瘤,利用此模型可大体观察磁液在肿瘤局部的聚集情况;400mg/ml的磁液50～100μl局部注射能在15kA/m的交变磁场中使肿瘤组织有效升温至43℃以上,并发生坏死。结论家兔耳部肿瘤模型易于建立和观察,利用该模型证明磁感应加温能对瘤组织产生明显的杀伤作用。

兔VX-2骨肿瘤早期骨膜反应的影像学研究及病理对照

目的研究兔VX-2骨肿瘤模型早期骨膜改变的影像学表现及其病理基础。材料与方法将VX-2肿瘤细胞悬液注入20只新西兰大白兔的右侧胫骨骨髓腔内制成骨肿瘤模型，种植后每隔5天对所有兔进行X线及MRI检查直至骨膜新生骨形成，每次影像检查之后处死4只实验兔取其胫骨制成病理标本，进行影像学与病理学观察及对照。结果肿瘤种植后第5～15天，MRI显示20只实验侧胫骨骨膜水肿；第20天，MRI发现8只实验侧胫骨骨膜增厚；第25～30天，MRI显示4只骨膜新生骨及其外缘增厚的骨膜。结论兔VX-2骨肿瘤中骨膜水肿及骨膜增厚是发生在骨膜新生骨形成之前的早期骨膜反应，MRI可显示这两种骨膜异常。

兔VX_2肿瘤对表阿霉素骨水泥介入治疗反应的^(31)P MRS监测

目的 :用31PMRS监测表阿霉素骨水泥介入治疗兔VX2 肿瘤的治疗反应。材料和方法 :对 5个皮下VX2 实体瘤行表阿霉素骨水泥介入治疗 ;对另外 5个肿瘤仅作单纯骨水泥注入以作对照。二组肿瘤均作治疗前后31PMRS检查。结果 :表阿霉素骨水泥治疗早期出现PDE和Pi峰值升高以及PME和ATP信号峰减低的改变 ,提示良好的治疗反应。结论 :表阿霉素可从骨水泥中释放并具有抗肿瘤效应 ;

二维超声技术检测VX_2肿瘤所致兔上腔静脉阻塞

目的 :研究实验兔VX2 肿瘤性上腔静脉 (SVC)阻塞二维超声图像特征 .方法 :使用美国产Sequoia 5 12彩色电脑声像仪 ,在超声显像引导下将VX2 瘤组织悬液接种到 14只兔SVC前方软组织内 ,建立SVC阻塞的动物模型 12d后 ,每隔 2d经右锁骨上窝二维超声检测肿瘤、SVC形态及相关指标 .结果 :随着肿瘤生长对SVC产生压迫和 (或 )浸润 ,SVC管腔变形或管壁连续性中断 ,管腔内出现异常回声 ,管径局部或全程变窄 ,肿瘤直径与SVC狭窄程度呈明显负相关 (r =- 0 .933,P <0 .0 5 ) ;上腔静脉阻塞 4 2d模型超声检测结果与CT和尸检的结果比较无显著性差异 (P >0 .0 5 ) .结论 :兔VX2 肿瘤性SVC阻塞动物模型二维超声变化与肿瘤生长密切相关 ,与CT检查及尸体解剖测量结果一致性较好 .

光敏剂-磁性纳米粒子螯合剂对磁性纳米粒子在VX2肝转移癌细胞内靶向性分布的影响

目的:研究光敏剂-磁性纳米粒子螯合物促进磁性纳米粒子在VX2肝转移癌细胞内的靶向性分布.方法:取健康新西兰大白兔40只,体质量2.5-3.0kg.建立VX2肝转移癌模型,随机分成空白对照组、光敏剂组、磁性纳米粒子组和光敏剂-磁性纳米粒子螯合物组,在成瘤后的第16、18和20d,经兔耳缘静脉分别注射生理盐水、光敏剂、磁性纳米粒子和螯合物.于第22d处死试验兔,剖腹观察肿瘤生长情况,取正常肝组织和癌结节,作普鲁氏蓝铁染色、透射电镜检查和原子光谱吸收半定量检测.结果:(1)普鲁氏蓝染色后,在螯合剂组癌结节内见到大量蓝染铁颗粒,明显多于其他各组,而肝细胞内少见蓝染铁颗粒;(2)电镜检查,螯合剂组癌细胞内有大量散在的黑色细小颗粒,主要分布在溶酶体、内质网、线粒体和细胞核内;而肝细胞内只有少量黑色细小颗粒;(3)原子光谱吸收半定量检测显示,在癌结节内,螯合剂组铁含量(9.09mg/L)明显高于空白对照组、光敏剂组和磁性纳米粒子组(P<0.01),癌组织内铁含量也明显高于正常肝组织的铁含量(P<0.01).结论:光敏剂-磁性纳米粒子螯合剂能够促进磁性纳米粒子在肝转移癌结节内的聚集.

表阿霉素骨水泥介入治疗兔VX_2肿瘤的MRI研究

目的 :用MRI方法研究表阿霉素骨水泥介入治疗兔VX2 肿瘤的效果。材料和方法 :2 0只VX2 肿瘤荷瘤兔随机平均分两组。一组行表阿霉素骨水泥介入治疗 ,一组仅以单纯骨水泥注入作为对照。动物处理后作MRI及病理检查。结果 :表阿霉素骨水泥治疗后早期 ,肿瘤T2信号减低 ,瘤周水肿基本消失 ,肿瘤生长明显减缓。病理检查显示表阿霉素骨水泥周围肿瘤组织明显坏死。结论 :表阿霉素骨水泥介入治疗可产生较好的抗肿瘤效果。本研究为表阿霉素骨水泥介入治疗椎体转移瘤方法的临床应用提供了实验依据。