Survey Analysis of Influenza Vaccination Status Among Children Aged 0-6 Years

Objective:This study aims to investigate the influenza vaccination status of children aged 0-6 years in Changzhi City and to analyze its influencing factors.Methods:A questionnaire was distributed to 228 randomly selected parents of children aged 0-6 in Changzhi City to investigate the children’s influenza vaccination status.Results:(1)A total of 217 valid questionnaires were collected in this survey,with a response rate of 95.2%.(2)The results showed that the main reasons affecting children’s influenza vaccination were,in order,worrying about the safety of the influenza vaccine,believing that influenza vaccination was not necessary,and not knowing the time of the vaccination.(3)Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that compared with children aged 0-2 years old,those aged 2-4 years old(OR=0.121,95%CI=0.032-0.301)and 4-6 years old(OR=0.385,95%CI=0.228-0.530)had lower cumulative influenza vaccination rates.Compared to the group with parental awareness of flu vaccines,the moderate awareness group(OR=2.319,95%CI=1.527-3.015)and the high awareness group(OR=2.932,95%CI=1.598-4.966)exhibited higher cumulative influenza vaccination rates among children.Parents acquire knowledge about influenza and its vaccines through vaccination centers(OR=1.396,95%CI=1.049-2.050)and doctors(OR=1.763,95%CI=1.291-2.774),which serves as a facilitating factor for influenza vaccination among 0-6-year-old children in Changzhi urban area.Conclusion:The age of the child,parental knowledge of the influenza vaccine,and parental communication with the vaccination center and the physician at the visit were the main influencing factors for influenza vaccination.

Adult Vaccination and Voluntary Vaccination State of Adults:a Study from Turkey

In this study, establishing the knowledge about adult vaccination and voluntary vaccination state of adults in the prov-ince centre of Kayseri was aimed. This descriptive study was performed in 2009 May-July, in 6 public health centres (PHC) in the province centre of Kayseri, by way of a questionnaire. 998 adults from the population of an area covered by 34 family practitioners, working under six public health care centres, in the province centre of Kayseri, were asked to fill a questionnaire. Chi-square test was used in the statistical analysis and p < 0.05 was accepted as significant. The mean age of the participants was 37.4 ± 14.1 and 56.7% were female. 75.8% of the individuals knew that adults had to be vaccinated and 55.3% that influenza vaccination had to be done every year. 97.9% of the participants were aware of influenza vaccinLation, and the rate of vaccination was 7.8%, 97.8% knew tetanus vaccination, the awareness rate of hepatitis B vaccination was 84.4%, and vaccination rate 25.6%, Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) was known by 44.4%, vaccination rate in women was 1.1%, pneumococcus vaccination was known by 19.8% and vaccination rate was 0.4%. 22.0% of the individuals 65 years old and above had got an influenza vaccination while non-had got a pneumococcus vaccination. It is found that the tetanus, influenza, and hepatitis vaccinations were highly known, whereas, HPV and pneumococcus vaccinations were not, and that the number of individuals stating that they had been vaccinated was quite low.

Risk of extended viral shedding of Omicron BA.2 in Shanghai:Implications for vaccination strategy optimization

Background:In late March 2022,an outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)caused by the Omicron BA.2 strain occurred in Shanghai,China.This retrospective study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics,laboratory parameters,and vaccine protectiveness related to this disease in China.Methods:We conducted a single-center retrospective study on 735 patients with COVID-19 hospitalized from March 17 to May 14,2022.Clinical characteristics were analyzed based on vaccination status and viral shedding time(VST).The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator(LASSO)regression and 5-fold cross-validation were applied to screen factors linked to the rate of the VST.Generalized linear models were further applied to estimate the odds ratios for factors influencing the VST.Results:The median VST of unvaccinated patients was 13(11-16)days,which was longer than that of patients vaccinated with one or two doses(11[9-13]days)and with completed booster doses(11[8-12]days).A LASSO regression model and 5-fold cross-validation showed that age of≥60 years(β=0.01),pneumonia(β=0.53),and higher number of comorbidities(β=0.69)were positively associated with the VST,whereas the platelet count(β=-8.0×10-5)was inversely associated with the VST.Subgroup analysis revealed that the number of vaccinations was significantly associated with a decreased VST among patients with renal dysfunction(odds ratio[OR],0.65;95%confidence interval[CI],0.44-0.97;P=0.034)and patients with two or more comorbidities(OR,0.09;95%CI,0.03-0.28;P<0.001).The lymphocyte count was significantly associated with a decreased VST among patients aged<60 years(OR,0.51;95%CI,0.30-0.85;P=0.011),patients with normal renal function(OR,0.41;95%CI,0.21-0.80;P=0.009),and patients with fewer than two comorbidities(OR,0.49;95%CI,0.30-0.80;P=0.005).Conclusion:Our preliminary results suggest that the complete and booster vaccination contributes to the viral clearance of Omicron BA.2 variants,while the protectiveness of vaccination is most imperative in patients with impaired renal function and more comorbidities.