Study on process of roll bonding stainless and carbon steel under non-vacuum condition

The non-vacuum roll bonding method of nickel plating on the base materials is put forward in accordance with the primary problems existed in the roll bonding of stainless/carbon steel. After nickel plating test on the base materials, the microstructure of nickel cladding is observed by scanning electron microscopy （SEM） at high, and room temperature, and the results show that the nickel cladding on base material can be protected from oxidation in the high temperature. Non-vacuum roll bonding tests of nickel plating on base materials are done by the roll bonding equipment, and the roll bonding plates of stainless/carbon steel are obtained. The microstructure and the elements distribution of non-vacuum roll bonding interface are analyzed by optical microscope （OM） and SEM. The results reflect that the nickel plating layer and the base materials bond well.

Interfacial Microstructure and Properties of a Vacuum Hot Roll-bonded Titanium-Stainless Steel Clad Plate with a Niobium Interlayer

Vacuum hot roll bonding （VHRB） was used to bond pure titanium （Ti） plate to a 304 stainless steel （SS） plate with a niobium （Nb） interlayer, with the aim of producing a high-quality Ti-SS clad plate. The roll-bonding process was performed at different temperatures in the range of 850-1000℃, followed by characterization of microstructure and mechanical properties. The study demonstrates that the interfaces are free from cracks and discontinuities, and interdiffusion between the stainless steel and the titanium is effectively prevented by inserting a layer of pure Nb foil. No intermetallic reaction layer occurred at the Nb-Ti interface at any of the investigated temperatures. An intermetallic FeNb phase was formed at the Nb-SS interface when bonding was performed at 950 ℃ and above. The presence of the FeNb layer was confirmed by x-ray diffraction. The maximum shear strength of -396 MPa was obtained when bonding is carried out at 900 ℃. However, the formation of the FeNb layer at roll bonding temperature greater than 900 ℃ led to decrease in shear strength. Ductile fracture occurred through the Ti-Nb interface for roll-bonded temperatures of up to 900 ℃. On the other hand, at temperature of 950℃ and above, failure occurred through the Nb-SS interface, with brittle fracture characteristics.

铌夹层对真空轧制复合Ti不锈钢板的显微组织及性能的影响

利用真空轧制复合技术900℃时制备TA2与304L不锈钢的复合钢板,分别研究直接复合及加入Nb夹层后复合界面的组织与性能,分析Nb夹层对复合板组织及性能的影响。结果表明:直接复合的Ti不锈钢复合板界面生成了Fe2Ti、Cr2Ti及NiTi2等多种金属间化合物,严重削弱界面的结合强度,界面的剪切强度仅为128 MPa,性能较差。加入Nb层后,Ti与不锈钢之间的互扩散被完全阻止,且Nb夹层与两侧金属均产生良好的结合;Nb、Ti界面未生成任何金属间化合物,Nb与不锈钢界面有FeNb金属间化合物生成;界面剪切强度获得大幅提升,达到338 MPa,性能优良。

采用铜和铌复合中间层的钛合金与不锈钢的真空热轧焊接

采用铜(纯铜及含稀土元素钇的铜)+铌的复合中间层进行了钛合金与不锈钢板的真空热轧焊接试验,测试了接头拉伸强度,并利用金相显微镜、扫描电镜、XRD、能谱对连接界面的微观结构、断口形貌及中间层材料铜的组织进行了分析,结果表明,连接界面结合良好,无未焊合或开裂处;焊后未生成金属间化合物,在铌-钛合金界面处存在一厚度约为2.5μm的过渡层,而铜-不锈钢、铌-铜界面的过渡层厚度约为1.9μm;焊后铜晶界处产生了空洞,断口形貌显示出现了沿晶开裂的现象;稀土元素r的加入可以细化铜的晶粒,在相同的焊接工艺参数时含有稀土元素Y的铜层中未形成空洞,随着钇在铜中的质量百分含量由0.01%增加到0.02%,细化晶粒的效果更加显著,与采用纯铜作为中间层材料时的抗拉强度(326.9 MPa)相比分别提高了51.3MPa(铜中含钇0.01%,质量分数)和61.7 MPa(铜中含钇0.02%质量分数)。

TC4钛合金与0Cr18Ni10Ti不锈钢真空热轧连接

利用真空热轧焊接的方法实现了镍作中间层材料的TC4钛合金与0Cr18Ni10Ti不锈钢板的连接。通过扫描电镜、能谱、X射线衍射等方法对连接界面的微观结构进行了描述,测试了Ni-TC4连接界面的金属间化合物层的成分,研究了焊接温度对焊接接头连接强度的影响规律。结果表明,金属间化合物层的厚度随着焊接温度的升高而增大,接头连接强度随之降低,当焊接温度为760℃、压缩率为20%、轧制速度为38mm/s时焊接接头的抗拉强度达到最高值452.1MPa。拉伸试样断口均呈脆性断裂特征,XRD分析表明,在拉伸试样断口处存在多种Ni-Ti的金属间化合物。

Effect of hot rolling and cooling process on microstructure and properties of 2205/Q235 clad plate

The 2205/Q235 clad plate was fabricated by vacuum hot rolling with symmetrical assembling pattern of Q235/2205/2205/ Q235.The flow stress behavior and processing map of 2205 duplex stainless steel (DSS)were investigated by hot compressive tests on a Gleeble-3800 simulator.Then,thermal-mechanical coupled nonlinear finite element models of vacuum hot rolling and subsequent cooling process were established.From the simulation results,the influence of rolling reduction and rolling speed on hot deformation state of 2205 DSS in the assembled slab was disclosed and the optimal rolling parameters were presented.Meanwhile,the cooling rate of 2205 DSS under different cooling conditions and thicknesses of the clad plate was obtained.According to the numerical simulation results,pilot experiments were successfully carried out on a laboratory scale.The material universal testing machine,optical microscope,scanning electron microscope and energy-dispersive spectrometer were used to evaluate the mechanical properties and microstructure of bonding interface and 2205 DSS matrix for different rolling reduction and cooling processes.The results showed that with symmetrical assembling pattern,the approximate thermodynamic conditions can be established for 2205 DSS to avoid cracks in hot rolling process.When the rolling reduction increased from 10 to 40%,the shear strength of the bonding interface is increased from 120 to 530 MPa,and the uniform two-phase microstructure of 2205 DSS and satisfactory' mechanical properties can be obtained with cooling rate higher than 10℃/s between 1050 and 500℃ after rolling.

层状金属复合板生产方法专利技术综述

随着科技的高速发展以及新产业、新技术的不断出现,对高性能复合材料的要求日益提高,层状金属复合板成为复合材料研究领域的一个热点。本文基于CNABS和DWPI数据库,通过检索、筛选、统计和分析国内外有关层状金属复合板生产技术的专利申请,梳理了层状金属复合板生产发展脉络,对申请信息、专利布局、核心专利、重要申请人的技术构成以及技术路线发展状况做了重点分析。

Production of Dissimilar Metals Materials by the Method of Solid-State Joining

Mechanisms taking place while hot rolling in vacuum of dissimilar materials joined in solid phase are described. It is shown that at joining of materials in solid phase redistribution of atoms from one material into another occurs on the interface of joining. On the base of calculation and experimental results it is concluded that the ultimate strength of the interface of joint is always higher than the ultimate strength of less durable material. Pair zirconium-stainless steel SS (Type AISI 321) and carbon steel (Type C22E) those are used in nuclear power are investigated.

真空对称轧制304+Q235B复合板生产实践

针对304＋Q235B复合板试制过程中出现的坯料出炉后鼓包、轧制开裂、探伤不合格等问题,确定了合理的坯料精整工艺、加热制度和轧制工艺,成功开发了以304＋Q235B为代表的不锈钢复合板,综合合格率达到97%以上。