Both in developed and in developing countries, the construction industry is regarded as an economic investment activity without forgetting its significant relationship with national economic development due to its gre...Both in developed and in developing countries, the construction industry is regarded as an economic investment activity without forgetting its significant relationship with national economic development due to its great contributions to the national gross domestic product (GDP) of the country. Concerning construction processes, both risk management (RM) and value engineering (VE) techniques have commonalities from the beginning up to the completion of the project due to enhancing the project value/quality, meeting the project deadline, and reducing overall project cost. VE includes resolving the uncertainty of project objectives and ensuring that the project is delivered in a value for money way. The key point of RM is to solve the uncertainty of the project itself and its results to ensure that the specifications are achieved within the prescribed time, cost, and quality constraints. This review work is comparatively and collectively focus</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">ed</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> on assessing the role of RM and VE tools for project successful delivery. It studies the points of difference and common features of the two aspects in terms of construction project delivery. So, this study concluded that in construction RM tool cannot be the chief aim of the all parties involved in the project execution because sometimes it produces itself negative results and reduces project management success. Therefore, RM needs a strong combination with VE due to the dependence of the target in identifying and assessing risks by considering the highest performance and lowest cost. The integration of RM and VE combination in a single study would avoid duplication of work and deliver better value for money thereby leading to better project outcomes.展开更多
A VM （value management） approach was developed that better suits the culture and the context of the SPS （Saudi Public Sector）. This approach provided a comprehensive assessment of VM at institutional, organization...A VM （value management） approach was developed that better suits the culture and the context of the SPS （Saudi Public Sector）. This approach provided a comprehensive assessment of VM at institutional, organizational and project levels. This paper illustrates the procedures that were used to validate the developed VM approach. For the institutional and organizational levels, the VM approach was validated by conducting telephone interviews with three experts from three organizations that use VM and with two senior managers from the MOF （Ministry of Finance）. Mainly, it was found that the MOF should be supported by experts to set up a centre of excellence that can set VM policy, guidelines and standards for the promotion of VM in the SPS, in order to ensure achieving value for money spent in SPS projects. The developed VM approach, as it would be applied at the project level, was presented to 11 experts, all of whom completed a validation questionnaire and presented their comments. Subsequently, the questionnaires were analyzed and the VM approach was amended to reflect the inputs provided by these experts. It was concluded that VM should be applied at least twice on SPS projects. Firstly, it is to review and structure strategic and project briefs to sort out soft issues, and secondly, it is to optimize project designs and sort out hard issues.展开更多
The current economic conditions have entailed the use of rational method and techniques and research and application of new techniques by utilizing advancements in technology in the field of production as well as in e...The current economic conditions have entailed the use of rational method and techniques and research and application of new techniques by utilizing advancements in technology in the field of production as well as in every field. Excess cost control requires to be maintained throughout the project life of building beginning from the initial stages of design. Scrutinizing the project well and considering all possible alternatives particularly in design stage are important for achieving optimum cost. In this study, how the principles of VE （value engineering） are applied in construction projects is explained, and by covering Bregana-Zagreb-Dubrovnik Motorway construction in Croatia by BECHTEL -ENKA joint venture as the sample project, practices of VE in this project are described. The satisfactory results of time and cost saving are achieved by applying value engineering principles through the VE team during the project preparation phase and project revision phase. Approximately 43,000,0005 and 12 months of time were saved in total thanks to all these VE works. This saving provided builder company with 6% financial saving and 17% work time reduction.展开更多
At present,with the rapid development of China's economy,the development of the construction industry has made a new breakthrough.Project management requires the construction industry to continuously play its role...At present,with the rapid development of China's economy,the development of the construction industry has made a new breakthrough.Project management requires the construction industry to continuously play its role and value in improving the ability of project management.Earned value method,which is an important way in the field of project management,enables whole project management to rise to a new height.The specific principle of earned value method will be elaborated by fully introducing the specific role of earned value method in engineering projects to provide a reference and basis for practitioners to improve their management ability.展开更多
Due to engineering technology and development costs,a considerable amount of proven oil and gas resources in China are difficult to develop,becoming reserves difficult to produce.Based on the successful development of...Due to engineering technology and development costs,a considerable amount of proven oil and gas resources in China are difficult to develop,becoming reserves difficult to produce.Based on the successful development of some domestic oil and gas reserves difficult to recover,this article summarizes the"four in one"petroleum engineering synergetic management model to promote the effective development of these reserves.This model draws on the essence of management theories,such as system theory,cybernetics and synergetic theory,and proposes the development idea of value creating and sharing for this type of reserves.By adopting the new management method of mechanism synergy,speciality synergy,process synergy and industrial chain synergy,this model effectively overcomes the decentralization of management responsibility,different management objectives,great risks of engineering and technological innovation,and the large number of uncertain factors in project construction,and can stimulate the vitality and power of active coordination of project participants,to effectively realize the synergetic innovation of engineering technology and synergetic cost reduction of the whole chain,reduction of the balanced oil price of the project,and dispersion of the project investment risk.By adopting this model,a large proportion of difficult-to-produce reserves have been liberated,realizing the effective utilization of the difficult-to-produce oil and gas resources,and making the reserves an important supplement to ensure national energy security.展开更多
A proper infrastructure assessment in the contemporary engineering world has become very crucial due to the palpable resources challenges. Therefore, from the design, construction, operation and maintenance stages of ...A proper infrastructure assessment in the contemporary engineering world has become very crucial due to the palpable resources challenges. Therefore, from the design, construction, operation and maintenance stages of the built infrastructural systems; cognizance must be taken of the associated factors and their significance. In considering these indices, the experts will save lots of resources wastage thereby integrating new technologies into the full life cycle of the infrastructure. In this paper, two sets of building infrastructure professionals were assessed. These are the corporate building organization （CBO） and the Operators from two shopping malls within the UK. Thirty-four factors regarding the sustainable building infrastructure appraisal were identified through literature reviews. These characteristics were accordingly classified into two factors （group I and II） and a comparative analysis of their influence conducted. Priority rating of the factors assessment on building infrastructure was through structured, administered survey amongst professionals within these organizations. Information of this survey revealed that the experts maintained a strong concordance in rating these factors. As a result, the associated factors have relatively substantial degree of influence in this context. Further indications of the result in groups I and II are that the CBO experts have indicated the infrastructure size, planning and design as the key factors. Also, the type of building characteristic was among others as the top and bottom marked cases. Similarly, the Operators too have maintained that a proper infrastructure design should incorporate a good policy framework for efficient energy saving fixtures and conservation. Additionally, the installation of quality equipment promotes cost savings of the resources and a just-in-time maintenance of the infrastructure at large. The maintain as-we-go philosophy characteristic was not strongly encouraged in this case.展开更多
The paper starts with background information on value management(VM) in the construction industry and current development situation of the green building industry, and costs and profitability of green buildings. The p...The paper starts with background information on value management(VM) in the construction industry and current development situation of the green building industry, and costs and profitability of green buildings. The paper continues with detailed analyses of the findings,covering new developments and perceptions of VM, and applications of VM in the industry. The paper also reports case studies on the practices adopted in the planning and design management phase of SIPO Guangdong Patent Examination Cooperation Center and in the construction management phase of Guangzhou International Bio-Island Standard Property Unit II project. As revealed by the practices, the value-adds and savings in construction costs through the application of VM are important for the developers, and the contributions of VM application in green building projects are significant to achieving the expected targets and to resolving the design and construction challenges encountered in the development of green building industry. And the paper presents, findings on how VM can improve construction management and coordination of several ongoing construction projects and on how VM can be systematically implemented by phases, and discussions on other potential benefits of using VM systems.展开更多
文摘Both in developed and in developing countries, the construction industry is regarded as an economic investment activity without forgetting its significant relationship with national economic development due to its great contributions to the national gross domestic product (GDP) of the country. Concerning construction processes, both risk management (RM) and value engineering (VE) techniques have commonalities from the beginning up to the completion of the project due to enhancing the project value/quality, meeting the project deadline, and reducing overall project cost. VE includes resolving the uncertainty of project objectives and ensuring that the project is delivered in a value for money way. The key point of RM is to solve the uncertainty of the project itself and its results to ensure that the specifications are achieved within the prescribed time, cost, and quality constraints. This review work is comparatively and collectively focus</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">ed</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> on assessing the role of RM and VE tools for project successful delivery. It studies the points of difference and common features of the two aspects in terms of construction project delivery. So, this study concluded that in construction RM tool cannot be the chief aim of the all parties involved in the project execution because sometimes it produces itself negative results and reduces project management success. Therefore, RM needs a strong combination with VE due to the dependence of the target in identifying and assessing risks by considering the highest performance and lowest cost. The integration of RM and VE combination in a single study would avoid duplication of work and deliver better value for money thereby leading to better project outcomes.
文摘A VM （value management） approach was developed that better suits the culture and the context of the SPS （Saudi Public Sector）. This approach provided a comprehensive assessment of VM at institutional, organizational and project levels. This paper illustrates the procedures that were used to validate the developed VM approach. For the institutional and organizational levels, the VM approach was validated by conducting telephone interviews with three experts from three organizations that use VM and with two senior managers from the MOF （Ministry of Finance）. Mainly, it was found that the MOF should be supported by experts to set up a centre of excellence that can set VM policy, guidelines and standards for the promotion of VM in the SPS, in order to ensure achieving value for money spent in SPS projects. The developed VM approach, as it would be applied at the project level, was presented to 11 experts, all of whom completed a validation questionnaire and presented their comments. Subsequently, the questionnaires were analyzed and the VM approach was amended to reflect the inputs provided by these experts. It was concluded that VM should be applied at least twice on SPS projects. Firstly, it is to review and structure strategic and project briefs to sort out soft issues, and secondly, it is to optimize project designs and sort out hard issues.
文摘The current economic conditions have entailed the use of rational method and techniques and research and application of new techniques by utilizing advancements in technology in the field of production as well as in every field. Excess cost control requires to be maintained throughout the project life of building beginning from the initial stages of design. Scrutinizing the project well and considering all possible alternatives particularly in design stage are important for achieving optimum cost. In this study, how the principles of VE （value engineering） are applied in construction projects is explained, and by covering Bregana-Zagreb-Dubrovnik Motorway construction in Croatia by BECHTEL -ENKA joint venture as the sample project, practices of VE in this project are described. The satisfactory results of time and cost saving are achieved by applying value engineering principles through the VE team during the project preparation phase and project revision phase. Approximately 43,000,0005 and 12 months of time were saved in total thanks to all these VE works. This saving provided builder company with 6% financial saving and 17% work time reduction.
文摘At present,with the rapid development of China's economy,the development of the construction industry has made a new breakthrough.Project management requires the construction industry to continuously play its role and value in improving the ability of project management.Earned value method,which is an important way in the field of project management,enables whole project management to rise to a new height.The specific principle of earned value method will be elaborated by fully introducing the specific role of earned value method in engineering projects to provide a reference and basis for practitioners to improve their management ability.
文摘Due to engineering technology and development costs,a considerable amount of proven oil and gas resources in China are difficult to develop,becoming reserves difficult to produce.Based on the successful development of some domestic oil and gas reserves difficult to recover,this article summarizes the"four in one"petroleum engineering synergetic management model to promote the effective development of these reserves.This model draws on the essence of management theories,such as system theory,cybernetics and synergetic theory,and proposes the development idea of value creating and sharing for this type of reserves.By adopting the new management method of mechanism synergy,speciality synergy,process synergy and industrial chain synergy,this model effectively overcomes the decentralization of management responsibility,different management objectives,great risks of engineering and technological innovation,and the large number of uncertain factors in project construction,and can stimulate the vitality and power of active coordination of project participants,to effectively realize the synergetic innovation of engineering technology and synergetic cost reduction of the whole chain,reduction of the balanced oil price of the project,and dispersion of the project investment risk.By adopting this model,a large proportion of difficult-to-produce reserves have been liberated,realizing the effective utilization of the difficult-to-produce oil and gas resources,and making the reserves an important supplement to ensure national energy security.
文摘A proper infrastructure assessment in the contemporary engineering world has become very crucial due to the palpable resources challenges. Therefore, from the design, construction, operation and maintenance stages of the built infrastructural systems; cognizance must be taken of the associated factors and their significance. In considering these indices, the experts will save lots of resources wastage thereby integrating new technologies into the full life cycle of the infrastructure. In this paper, two sets of building infrastructure professionals were assessed. These are the corporate building organization （CBO） and the Operators from two shopping malls within the UK. Thirty-four factors regarding the sustainable building infrastructure appraisal were identified through literature reviews. These characteristics were accordingly classified into two factors （group I and II） and a comparative analysis of their influence conducted. Priority rating of the factors assessment on building infrastructure was through structured, administered survey amongst professionals within these organizations. Information of this survey revealed that the experts maintained a strong concordance in rating these factors. As a result, the associated factors have relatively substantial degree of influence in this context. Further indications of the result in groups I and II are that the CBO experts have indicated the infrastructure size, planning and design as the key factors. Also, the type of building characteristic was among others as the top and bottom marked cases. Similarly, the Operators too have maintained that a proper infrastructure design should incorporate a good policy framework for efficient energy saving fixtures and conservation. Additionally, the installation of quality equipment promotes cost savings of the resources and a just-in-time maintenance of the infrastructure at large. The maintain as-we-go philosophy characteristic was not strongly encouraged in this case.
文摘在国外,VE/VM理论研究进展的一个主要方面就是将现有的VE/VM与当今新出现的一些创新管理理念和方法结合起来,这些理论和方法包括:环境成本生命周期分析方法(Life Cycle Environmental Cost Analysis,LCECA)、信息支持思维方法(Information Support Process-based Thinking,ISP/T)、6 Sigma管理方法、组织和团队理论、创造性问题解决策略(Creative Problem Solving Strategies,CPSS)、发明性问题解决(Theory of Inventive Problem Solving,TRIZ)方法、复杂生产系统(Complex product systems,CoPS)、战略管理、系统方法论(SM)、等。通过这种结合,开阔了VE/VM原有的思维模式和视野。同时在提升VE/VM的应用绩效上比较明显。
文摘The paper starts with background information on value management(VM) in the construction industry and current development situation of the green building industry, and costs and profitability of green buildings. The paper continues with detailed analyses of the findings,covering new developments and perceptions of VM, and applications of VM in the industry. The paper also reports case studies on the practices adopted in the planning and design management phase of SIPO Guangdong Patent Examination Cooperation Center and in the construction management phase of Guangzhou International Bio-Island Standard Property Unit II project. As revealed by the practices, the value-adds and savings in construction costs through the application of VM are important for the developers, and the contributions of VM application in green building projects are significant to achieving the expected targets and to resolving the design and construction challenges encountered in the development of green building industry. And the paper presents, findings on how VM can improve construction management and coordination of several ongoing construction projects and on how VM can be systematically implemented by phases, and discussions on other potential benefits of using VM systems.
