目的围绕上海某三级医院引进支气管镜热蒸汽消融术配套医疗设备的有效性、安全性、适宜性、经济性开展医院卫生技术评估(Hospital-Based Health Technology Assessment,HB—HTA),探索该工具在创新医疗设备领域的应用。方法以欧盟HB-HTA...目的围绕上海某三级医院引进支气管镜热蒸汽消融术配套医疗设备的有效性、安全性、适宜性、经济性开展医院卫生技术评估(Hospital-Based Health Technology Assessment,HB—HTA),探索该工具在创新医疗设备领域的应用。方法以欧盟HB-HTA指导手册中的医疗设备新技术引进评估模板为框架开展研究。结果文献研究结果显示,经支气管镜热蒸汽消融治疗患者FEV1%、SGRQ、6MWD得到明显改善,不良事件能够通过标准护理得到解决;通过专家咨询、小组讨论结合真实世界数据分析结果显示,设备具备人员场地条件,符合医院学科发展规划,具有技术适宜人群,设备乐观估计6年左右收回成本,单个人的疾病负担减轻。结论支气管镜热蒸汽消融技术能有效改善患者肺功能,提高患者生活质量,安全性较好,具有配置价值;能带动呼吸介入治疗中心发展,有助于提升重度肺气肿诊疗水平,该研究模式可为医院新技术引入提供决策证据,提高医院医疗设备管理水平。展开更多
High power dissipating artificial intelligence (AI) chips require significant cooling to operate at maximum performance. Current trends regarding the integration of AI, as well as the power/cooling demands of high-per...High power dissipating artificial intelligence (AI) chips require significant cooling to operate at maximum performance. Current trends regarding the integration of AI, as well as the power/cooling demands of high-performing server systems pose an immense thermal challenge for cooling. The use of refrigerants as a direct-to-chip cooling method is investigated as a potential cooling solution for cooling AI chips. Using a vapor compression refrigeration system (VCRS), the coolant temperature will be sub-ambient thereby increasing the total cooling capacity. Coupled with the implementation of a direct-to-chip boiler, using refrigerants to cool AI server systems can materialize as a potential solution for current AI server cooling demands. In this study, a comparison of 8 different refrigerants: R-134a, R-153a, R-717, R-508B, R-22, R-12, R-410a, and R-1234yf is analyzed for optimal performance. A control theoretical VCRS model is created to assess variable refrigerants under the same operational conditions. From this model, the coefficient of performance (COP), required mass flow rate of refrigerant, work required by the compressor, and overall heat transfer coefficient is determined for all 8 refrigerants. Lastly, a comprehensive analysis is provided to determine the most optimal refrigerants for cooling applications. R-717, commonly known as Ammonia, was found to have the highest COP value thus proving to be the optimal refrigerant for cooling AI chips and high-performing server applications.展开更多
文摘目的围绕上海某三级医院引进支气管镜热蒸汽消融术配套医疗设备的有效性、安全性、适宜性、经济性开展医院卫生技术评估(Hospital-Based Health Technology Assessment,HB—HTA),探索该工具在创新医疗设备领域的应用。方法以欧盟HB-HTA指导手册中的医疗设备新技术引进评估模板为框架开展研究。结果文献研究结果显示,经支气管镜热蒸汽消融治疗患者FEV1%、SGRQ、6MWD得到明显改善,不良事件能够通过标准护理得到解决;通过专家咨询、小组讨论结合真实世界数据分析结果显示,设备具备人员场地条件,符合医院学科发展规划,具有技术适宜人群,设备乐观估计6年左右收回成本,单个人的疾病负担减轻。结论支气管镜热蒸汽消融技术能有效改善患者肺功能,提高患者生活质量,安全性较好,具有配置价值;能带动呼吸介入治疗中心发展,有助于提升重度肺气肿诊疗水平,该研究模式可为医院新技术引入提供决策证据,提高医院医疗设备管理水平。
基金the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52172067,92160202)Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province,China(Nos.2021B1515020038,2020B1515020036)+1 种基金Guangdong Special Support Program,China(No.2019BT02C629)Guangdong Academy of Sciences Program,China(No.2020GDASYL20200104030)。
文摘High power dissipating artificial intelligence (AI) chips require significant cooling to operate at maximum performance. Current trends regarding the integration of AI, as well as the power/cooling demands of high-performing server systems pose an immense thermal challenge for cooling. The use of refrigerants as a direct-to-chip cooling method is investigated as a potential cooling solution for cooling AI chips. Using a vapor compression refrigeration system (VCRS), the coolant temperature will be sub-ambient thereby increasing the total cooling capacity. Coupled with the implementation of a direct-to-chip boiler, using refrigerants to cool AI server systems can materialize as a potential solution for current AI server cooling demands. In this study, a comparison of 8 different refrigerants: R-134a, R-153a, R-717, R-508B, R-22, R-12, R-410a, and R-1234yf is analyzed for optimal performance. A control theoretical VCRS model is created to assess variable refrigerants under the same operational conditions. From this model, the coefficient of performance (COP), required mass flow rate of refrigerant, work required by the compressor, and overall heat transfer coefficient is determined for all 8 refrigerants. Lastly, a comprehensive analysis is provided to determine the most optimal refrigerants for cooling applications. R-717, commonly known as Ammonia, was found to have the highest COP value thus proving to be the optimal refrigerant for cooling AI chips and high-performing server applications.
