Computation of the Matching Performance of Diesel Engine with Variable Geometry Turbocharger

To compute the matching performance of diesel engine with variable geometry turboeharger（VGT）, the formerly used program is improved through adjustment of turbine mass flow rate and efficiency characteristics. The calculation result is applied to forecast the performance of J6110Z diesel engine with rotary-vaned VGT70, and to guide the improvement of engine fuel supply. The computed engine performance curve coincides with the experiment result well： the low-speed torque, fuel economy, exhaust temperature and boost pressure of the VGT engine are all improved.

Design and study on variable nozzle mixed-flow turbocharger

A spatial motion mechanism was designed which could make all the nozzle vanes rotate a- round the center of ball with the same radius synchronously to realize control of the variable nozzle mixed-flow turbocharger （VN-MT）. The back and abdomen of the nozzle vane was designed as arc- shaped. A variable nozzle ring perfectly combined with the mixed-flow turbine was made available. The turbine geometric model of VN-MT was established through the computational fluid dynamics （CFD）. Compared with nozzleless mixed-flow turbine, the flow range of variable nozzle mixed-flow turbine was broadened tremendously while the peak turbine efficiency point was lower slightly. Flow field analysis in turbine stage showed that the energy was larger and the blade load of rotor was lower than loss of the VN-MT under designed condition the nozzleless mixed-flow turbocharger.

VARIABLE STRUCTURE CONTROL OF AIRCRAFTFOR ATMOSPHERIC DISTURBANCE

Variable structure control (VSC) applied to atmospheric disturbance sup-pression is presented. The conditions are stipulated: the sliding mode existenee condi-tion, and invanance condition of atmospheric disturbanee in the variable structuresystem (VSS). A method of eigenstructure assignment technique for switching surfaeedesign is proposed. Based on different atmospheric disturbanee characteristics, such asrandom turbulence, discrete gust and wind shear, two kinds of control laws are derived that possess strong robustness. An example shows that this control approach isfeasible and effective.

Flow and Leakage Characteristics in Sealing Chamber of a Variable Geometry Hypersonic Inlet

When the variable geometry hypersonic inlet is sealed with ceramic wafers,the cavity flows inside the sealing chamber can be affected by the boundary layer near the side wall.To study the influence of the boundary layer thickness near the side wall on the flow and leakage characteristics in sealing chamber,the numerical calculation of the cavity flow in the sealing chamber under different inflow boundary layer thicknesses is carried out.The results show that three-dimensional cavity flow structures are close to being asymmetric,and the entrance pressure of the leakage path can also be affected by asymmetry;with the increase of the thickness of the boundary layer,the pressure at the cavity floor and the seal entrance decreases.Finally,the existing leakage prediction model is modified according to the distribution rule of the cavity floor and the flow properties in the leakage path.

Dynamics and control of variable geometry truss manipulator

Variable geometry truss manipulator （VGTM） has potential to work in the future space applications, of which a dynamic model is important to dynamic analysis and control of the system. In this paper, an approach is presented to model the dynamic equations of a VGTM by independent variables, which consists of two double-octahedral truss units and a 3-revolute-prismatic-spherical （3-RPS） parallel manipulator. In this ap- proach, the kinematic recursive relations of two adjacent bodies and geometric constrains are used to deduce the kinematic equations of the VGTM, and Jourdain＇s velocity varia- tion principle is adopted to establish the dynamic equations of the system. The validity of the proposed dynamic model is verified by comparison of numerical simulations with the software ADAMS. Besides, an active controller for trajectory tracking of the system is designed by the computed torque method. The effectiveness of the controller is numer- ically proved.

Data-driven based variable geometry design

Conventionally,the method to make up for the missing data of middle-shallow layer in the obstacle area is by variable geometry,for example,deviating physical points and adding sources and receivers.And the missing data of middle-shallow layer is evaluated according to the effective coverage of the target layer.Since the traditional method doesn't consider the actual seismic data,it is impossible to actually predict the gap of section and the imaging effect.The paper proposes the evaluation method of data-driven based variable geometry:Firstly,the obstacle avoidance design is realized according to the coordinate range and safe distance of the obstacle area;Secondly,the local similarity of each common image gather(CIG)is calculated,and the contribution of the sources and receivers to the target area is also calculated;Thirdly,according to the variable geometry design,choose the required trace to perform sorting and stacking according to the contribution of the sources and receivers in the CIG,the stack data volume of the whole work area is generated;finally,evaluate the missing data in the obstacle area by the extracted seismic stacked sections in different direction and guide the designer in the infilling plan.Meanwhile,for area with very low signal to noise ratio(SNR),the new method can be used to evaluate the imaging potential and guide the survey design.The new method has achieved very good effect in the production,and the analysis result is very consistent with the processed result of the actual seismic data.

Development of Turbocharger for Improving Diesel Engine Matching Performance

The two development ways of turbocharger technology to solve the problem of matching performance with diesel were presented. The ways of waste valve gate turbocharger and variable geometry turbocharger can solve the problem of engine’s low speed torque and achieve lower smoke level. Especially for variable geometry turbocharger, it covers all conditions of engine. It can not only improve the low engine’s speed torque and keep the power performance at high engine speed, but also cover wide engine speed performance that keeps lower fuel consumption and exhaust gas temperature in full load and part load matching. The results of theory analysis and experiment research showed that it’s the ideal solution to solve the matching problem of diesel engines.

Trajectory Tracking of a Planer Parallel Manipulator by Using Computed Force Control Method

Despite small workspace, parallel manipulators have some advantages over their serial counterparts in terms of higher speed, acceleration, rigidity, accuracy, manufacturing cost and payload. Accordingly, this type of manipulators can be used in many applications such as in high-speed machine tools, tuning machine for feeding, sensitive cutting, assembly and packaging. This paper presents a special type of planar parallel manipulator with three degrees of freedom. It is constructed as a variable geometry truss generally known planar Stewart platform. The reachable and orientation workspaces are obtained for this manipulator. The inverse kinematic analysis is solved for the trajectory tracking according to the redundancy and joint limit avoidance. Then, the dynamics model of the manipulator is established by using Virtual Work method. The simulations are performed to follow the given planar trajectories by using the dynamic equations of the variable geometry truss manipulator and computed force control method. In computed force control method, the feedback gain matrices for PD control are tuned with fixed matrices by trail end error and variable ones by means of optimization with genetic algorithm.

Split TSHD Hydrostatic Particulars Calculation for Cargo Discharge Phase using Polynomial RBF

Split Trailing Suction Hopper Dredgers (TSHD) are special type of working ships, whose hulls open to discharge cargo to certain unloading positions while being at sea. Although they have variable hull geometry, their hydrostatic and stability characteristics are usually calculated for unchanged initial hull geometry loading conditions only, and such calculations are supported by classification society stability regulations for that ship type. Nevertheless, in this study, we show that hydrostatic particulars for intermediate loading conditions of variable ship geometry can be calculated by using analytical solutions of basic hydrostatic integrals for arbitrary list angles, obtained for polynomial radial basis function description of ship geometry. The calculations will be performed for symmetric hopper opening during cargo discharge procedure, thus covering all Split TSHD regular unloading conditions, without examination of ship hull opening failure modes. Thus, all ship hydrostatic properties will be pre-calculated analytically and prepared for further stability calculations, as opposed to the usual numerical calculations for initial geometry and even keel only, as currently used in naval architecture design.

Simulation of VGT control based on charge oxygen concentration

A turbocharged diesel engine model was built with the GT-Power software,and experimentally verified.Then two different control variables for the control of the variable geometry turbocharger（VGT）were described,and their distinct effects on engine performance,i.e.NOxand soot emissions and fuel consumption,were simulated and compared on the basis of this model.The results showed that NOxemissions decreased obviously with the increase of exhaust gas recirculation（EGR）rate at constant boost pressure condition,but soot emissions and fuel consumption considerably increased.It was a good way to reduce NOxemissions without increasing fuel consumption and soot emissions when VGT was controlled to maintain the excess oxygen ratio unchanged as EGR rate increases.

A deep learning-based approach for flow field prediction in a dual-mode combustor

Accurate acquisition of the distribution offlow parameters inside the supersonic combustor is of great significance for hypersonicflight control.It is an interesting attempt to introduce a data-driven model to a supersonic combustor forflowfield prediction.This paper proposes a novel method for predicting theflowfield in a dual-mode combustor.Aflowfield prediction convolutional neural network with multiple branches is built.Numerical investiga-tions for a strut variable geometry combustor have been conducted to obtainflowfield data for training the network as aflowfield prediction model.Richflowfield data are obtained by changing the equivalent ratio,incomingflow condition and geometry of the supersonic combustor.The Mach number distribution can be obtained from the trainedflowfield predic-tion model using the combustor wall pressure as input with high accuracy.The accuracy offlowfield prediction is discussed in several aspects.Further,the combustion mode detection is im-plemented on the predictionflowfield.ª2024 The Authors.Publishing services by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of KeAi Communications Co.Ltd.

Experiment of drag characteristics of a novel variable geometry flame-holder

A novel variable geometry flame-holder(VGF) based on V-gutter was presented.The structural characteristics of the flame holder were introduced.Experimental study on drag characteristics of the VGF on un-burning and burning states was conducted in a rectangular combustion test rig.The influence of the change of gutter trailing edge width w on pressure recovery in different operating conditions was analyzed emphatically.Furthermore,drag characteristics in different trailing edge width variation modes were discussed.Results show that:(1) Narrowing w can observably raise the total pressure recovery σ but the highest σ is not obtained at minimum w.(2) The relationship of drag coefficient ψ and w in the un-burning conditions can be well expressed in a form of exponential equation(w/d>0.4).(3) Drag characteristics are not sensitive to the variation modes and speeds of w.(4) In the burning condition,σ decreases with the increasing of w basically and the course can be divided into three stages.The results and experimental data presented in this paper would enhance the phenomenological understanding of this type of VGF,and would contribute to the next experimental study and numerical calculus of this novel VGF.

Matching mechanism analysis on an adaptive cycle engine

As a novel aero-engine concept,adaptive cycle aero-engines（ACEs） are attracting wide attention in the international aviation industry due to their potential superior task adaptability along a wide flight regime.However,this superior task adaptability can only be demonstrated through proper combined engine control schedule design.It has resulted in an urgent need to investigate the effect of each variable geometry modulation on engine performance and stability.Thus,the aim of this paper is to predict and discuss the effect of each variable geometry modulation on the matching relationship between engine components as well as the overall engine performance at different operating modes,on the basis of a newly developed nonlinear component-based ACE performance model.Results show that at all four working modes,turning down the high pressure compressor variable stator vane,the low pressure turbine variable nozzle,the nozzle throat area,and turning up the core-driven fan stage variable stator vane,the high pressure turbine variable nozzle can increase the thrust at the expense of a higher high pressure turbine inlet total temperature.However,the influences of these adjustments on the trends of various engine components＇ working points and working lines as well as the ratio of the rotation speed difference are different from each other.The above results provide valuable guidance and advice for engine combined control schedule design.