Hypersonic vehicles suffer from extreme aerodynamic heating during flights, especially around the area of leading edge due to its small curvature. Therefore, flush air data sensing(FADS) system has been developed to p...Hypersonic vehicles suffer from extreme aerodynamic heating during flights, especially around the area of leading edge due to its small curvature. Therefore, flush air data sensing(FADS) system has been developed to perform accurate measurement of the air data parameters. In the present study, the method to develop the FADS algorithms with fail-operational capability for a sharp-nosed hypersonic vehicle is provided. To be specific, the FADS system implemented with 16 airframe-integrated pressure ports is used as a case study. Numerical simulations of different freestream conditions have been conducted to generate the database for the FADS targeting in 2 ≤ Ma ≤ 5 and 0 km ≤ H ≤ 30 km. Four groups of neural network algorithms have been developed based on four different pressure port configurations, and the accuracy has been validated by 280 groups of simulations. Particularly, the algorithms based on the 16-port configuration show an excellent ability to serve as the main solver of the FADS, where 99. 5% of the angle-of-attack estimations are within the error band ±0. 2°. The accuracy of the algorithms is discussed in terms of port configuration. Furthermore, diagnosis of the system health is present in the paper. A fault-tolerant FADS system architecture has been designed, which is capable of continuously sensing the air data in the case that multi-port failure occurs, with a reduction in the system accuracy.展开更多
Unmanned vehicle has attracted wide attention and interests throughout the world since it first deputed in the 1960s. However, the experimental methods for unmanned vehicle's intelligent behavior, such as semi-physic...Unmanned vehicle has attracted wide attention and interests throughout the world since it first deputed in the 1960s. However, the experimental methods for unmanned vehicle's intelligent behavior, such as semi-physical simulation and motion subsystem, have not been widely explored. First, the requirements of the motion subsystem in unmanned vehicle semi-physical facility are analyzed, and a six DOF parallel manipulator is selected to reproduce the pose of the vehicle. The link lengths of the motion subsystem are worked out under the given rotational angles of the vehicle. According to the geometric properties of tetrahedron, three joint positions of the top platform are determined, and the rest are obtained from the first three position vectors. Six constraint equations are set up based on the vertices on the top platform and the link lengths. In order to solve the six angle variables, a numerical algorithm built on the Newton-Raphson iterative method is presented, which is based on Taylor series expansion of six constraint equations. The pose of the top platform is ultimately calculated. The eigenvalues of the top platform are solved to obtain the natural frequencies of the motion subsystem. The coordinates of six joint centers on the top platform and six constraint equations can be realized by simple algebraic manipulation, which allows significant abbreviation in the formulation and provides a systematic way of obtaining the kinematic solution of the parallel manipulator. A numerical example is given and its efficacy is demonstrated by the inverse kinematics. The computation strategy based on tetrahedron method and Newton-Raphson iterative method provide a simple and cost-effective method for solving forward kinematics of six DOF parallel manipulators, and this method sheds light on other parallel manipulators.展开更多
This paper mainly focused on the growth law, model construction and visualization of a soybean root. A pot experiment was conducted in the laboratory to collect root system data and measure soybean root's length, dia...This paper mainly focused on the growth law, model construction and visualization of a soybean root. A pot experiment was conducted in the laboratory to collect root system data and measure soybean root's length, diameter and number by excavating in different periods. On the basis of an in-depth analysis of root structure geometry, we analyzed the collected experimental data with logistic equations, and got the growth of soybean root equation, according to its morphological structure characteristics of self-similarity, and discussed the virtual modeling method on the soybean root based on L-system and in Visual c++ Using OpenGL technology to achieve a soybean root system topology model and visualization simulation.展开更多
A micro-nano pore three-dimensional visualized real-time physical simulation of natural gas charging, in-situ pore-scale computation, pore network modelling, and apparent permeability evaluation theory were used to in...A micro-nano pore three-dimensional visualized real-time physical simulation of natural gas charging, in-situ pore-scale computation, pore network modelling, and apparent permeability evaluation theory were used to investigate laws of gas and water flow and their distribution, and controlling factors during the gas charging process in low-permeability(tight) sandstone reservoir. By describing features of gas-water flow and distribution and their variations in the micro-nano pore system, it is found that the gas charging in the low permeability(tight) sandstone can be divided into two stages, expansion stage and stable stage. In the expansion stage, the gas flows continuously first into large-sized pores then small-sized pores, and first into centers of the pores then edges of pores;pore-throats greater than 20 μm in radius make up the major pathway for gas charging. With the increase of charging pressure, movable water in the edges of large-sized pores and in the centers of small pores is displaced out successively. Pore-throats of 20-50 μm in radius and pore-throats less than 20 μm in radius dominate the expansion of gas charging channels at different stages of charging in turn, leading to reductions in pore-throat radius, throat length and coordination number of the pathway, which is the main increase stage of gas permeability and gas saturation. Among which, pore-throats 30-50 μm in radius control the increase pattern of gas saturation. In the stable stage, gas charging pathways have expanded to the maximum, so the pathways keep stable in pore-throat radius, throat length, and coordination number, and irreducible water remains in the pore system, the gas phase is in concentrated clusters, while the water phase is in the form of dispersed thin film, and the gas saturation and gas permeability tend stable. Connected pore-throats less than 20 μm in radius control the expansion limit of the charging pathways, the formation of stable gas-water distribution, and the maximum gas saturation. The heterogeneity of connected pore-throats affects the dynamic variations of gas phase charging and gas-water distribution. It can be concluded that the pore-throat configuration and heterogeneity of the micro-nanometer pore system control the dynamic variations of the low-permeability(tight) sandstone gas charging process and gas-water distribution features.展开更多
The vibration caused by terrible road excitation affects the ride quality and safety of track vehicles. The vibration control of suspension systems is a very important factor for modern track vehicles. A fuzzy logic c...The vibration caused by terrible road excitation affects the ride quality and safety of track vehicles. The vibration control of suspension systems is a very important factor for modern track vehicles. A fuzzy logic control for suspension system of a track vehicle is presented. A mechanical model and a system of difft, rential equations of motion taking account of the mass of loading wheel are established. Then the fuzzy logic control is applied to control the vibration of suspension system of track vehicles for sine signal and random road surfaces. Numerical simulation shows that the maximum acceleration of suspension system can be reduced to 44 % of the original value for sine signal road surface, and the mean square root of acceleration of suspension system can be reduced to 21% for random road surface. Therefore, the proposed fuzzy logic control is an efficient method for the suspension systems of track vehicles.展开更多
As hybrid vehicles introduced the motor, the vehicle structure has a significant change in the power matching. A driver-vehicle-road closed-loop semi-physical simulation system, which makes real driving parts together...As hybrid vehicles introduced the motor, the vehicle structure has a significant change in the power matching. A driver-vehicle-road closed-loop semi-physical simulation system, which makes real driving parts together with the simulation car, will bring convenience to the new car design. We used the computer software to simulate the road with a slope, curve and some other features based on the actual road condition, and analyzed the whole road scene in addition to geometry and physical characteristics. Analyzing and constructing the vehicle dynamics basic template, appropriate changes to the template can obtain the desired vehicle dynamics model with an external device to control the model vehicle. It combined the physical operation system with visual display, which gave us real driving feelings and increased the vehicle design predictive accuracy.展开更多
An investigation into the aircraft flight simulation and control system is presented in this paper. The study was firstly focused on the establishment of an integrated hardware-in-the-loop(HITL) platform for aircraf...An investigation into the aircraft flight simulation and control system is presented in this paper. The study was firstly focused on the establishment of an integrated hardware-in-the-loop(HITL) platform for aircraft flight simulation based on MATLAB/Simulink + dSPACE. The platform combines the abundant software and hardware resources of dSPACE simulation platform to simulate the flight attitude of an aircraft in six-DOF ( degree of freedom) motion. Based on the platform, the study was then focused on the flight numerical simulation by taking a loitering aerial vehicle as an example. An aircraft mathematical model was created for a modular design and off-line numerical simulation based on MATLAB/Simulink. Finally, the study was focused on the control system design of the loitering aerial vehicle and conduct of an HITL simulation experiment for the vehicle pitch control. The experiment verifies the system design and control effectiveness. Research results show that the dSPACE simulation system provides a real time good experimental platform to improve the efficiency of study and development of a flight control system.展开更多
A new visualization method for studying the damage to gel structure caused by high salinity ions is explored by using the characteristics of suppression image signal of Mn^(2+) and nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR) imag...A new visualization method for studying the damage to gel structure caused by high salinity ions is explored by using the characteristics of suppression image signal of Mn^(2+) and nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR) imaging technique. The diffusion and distribution characteristics of Mn^(2+) in porous media-gel system were studied based on manganese chloride static diffusion and gel flooding experiments, and the gel's nuclear magnetic image and displacement pressure were tested. The results show that the diffusion of Mn^(2+)conforms to the Fick diffusion law in porous media-gel system, and the diffusion speed of Mn^(2+) increases and the area of gel image decreases gradually with the increase of concentration, and the image of gel decreases faster and the pressure drop of water drive is larger in flooding experiment of manganese chloride with higher concentration. Reaction-diffusion model with the reaction of Mn^(2+) with gel was established to study the concentration distribution characteristics of Mn^(2+). The model is validated by comparing the results with magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) experiments and the diffusion coefficient of Mn^(2+) equals 1.6 mm^2/h, and the minimum concentration of Mn^(2+) to impact gel NMR image signals is 2.5 g/L. The above results show that the diffusion of Mn^(2+) into the gel in the rock core inhibits the imaging signal of the gel and damages its strength, and the greater the concentration is, the greater the influence. Increase of adsorption amount of gel and reaction rate, reduction of diffusion time, and addition of ion adsorption isolator all can reduce the impact of Mn^(2+) on the gel.展开更多
In the R&D phase of Gravity-1(YL-1), a multi-domain modeling and simulation technology based on Modelica language was introduced, which was a recent attempt in the practice of modeling and simulation method for la...In the R&D phase of Gravity-1(YL-1), a multi-domain modeling and simulation technology based on Modelica language was introduced, which was a recent attempt in the practice of modeling and simulation method for launch vehicles in China. It realizes a complex coupling model within a unified model for different domains, so that technologists can work on one model. It ensured the success of YL-1 first launch mission, supports rapid iteration, full validation, and tight design collaboration.展开更多
Background:(I)To describe the development and components of the automobile simulator driving behavior evaluation system developed by CRIR-Institut Nazareth et Louis-Braille;(II)to present the preliminary results of th...Background:(I)To describe the development and components of the automobile simulator driving behavior evaluation system developed by CRIR-Institut Nazareth et Louis-Braille;(II)to present the preliminary results of the content evaluation of the driving behavior evaluation grid.Methods:The evaluation system consists of five components:(I)the VS500M Car Simulator(Virage Simulation);(II)four VS500M driving scenarios,modified to minimize the occurrence of simulator sickness and expose subjects to commonly encountered driving situations on highways and city boulevards;(III)the Tobii Pro Glasses 2 eye tracking device;(IV)a car simulator driving behavior observation grid(DBOG);(V)a software application used during the behaviour evaluation phase,where synchronized video tracking,certain data from the simulator(e.g.,speed)and the DBOG grid are presented.Initially,the expected safe driving behaviors were identified,including 235 of a visual nature,supported by literature data and consultation of the project steering committee and an expert in driving assessment.Driving behaviors were assessed in 22 subjects without visual impairment(mean age 55±20 years).Subsequently,the items were revised to determine their relevance based on their importance in terms of road safety or on the frequency with which behaviors were observed among participants.For analysis purpose,the items of the DBOG were grouped according to their content,by type of expected driving behavior(e.g.,following a stop,look to the left and right before crossing the intersection)or element to be detected(e.g.,pedestrians).Results:Some visual behaviors are difficult to observe with the eye tracker device because they are more dependent on peripheral than central vision.Others are rarely observed,possibly because they are little or not realized in daily life or the representation of reality on the simulator does not stimulate their adoption.On the other hand,the visual detection behaviors expected in a situation where safety can be compromised are mostly carried out(e.g.,detection of oncoming vehicles,side mirror verification when changing lanes).Conclusions:This first phase of the study has made possible to better target the items to be kept in the car simulator driving behavior observation grid,and those that will have to be removed as they are too difficult to observe or too rarely adopted by the participants.Content validity and inter-rater reliability will be assessed from the simplified grid.展开更多
The implementation of a missile's visual simulation system is explained that is developed with OpenGL(open graphic library) and the flight path and flight carriage in different stages of the missile are displayed....The implementation of a missile's visual simulation system is explained that is developed with OpenGL(open graphic library) and the flight path and flight carriage in different stages of the missile are displayed. The establishment problems of the 3D scene are circumstantiated including the construction and redeployment of the model, creation of the virtual scene, setting of the multi-viewports and multi-windows etc. The missile's data driver, system flow, the modules and their mutual relations of the missile visual simulation system are discussed. The missile flight simulation results and effect of the scenes are given.展开更多
In view of the characteristics of underwater navigation, the simulation platform of navigation system for autonomous underwater vehicle has been developed based on Windows platform. The system architecture, net commun...In view of the characteristics of underwater navigation, the simulation platform of navigation system for autonomous underwater vehicle has been developed based on Windows platform. The system architecture, net communication and the information flow are discussed. The methods of software realization and some key techniques of the Vehicle Computer and the Navigation Equipment Computer are introduced in particular. The software design of Terrain Matching Computer is introduced also. The simulation platform is verified and analyzed through simulation. The results show that the architecture of the platform is reasonable and reliable, and the mathematic models and simulation algorithms of sub-systems are also valid and practicable.展开更多
文摘Hypersonic vehicles suffer from extreme aerodynamic heating during flights, especially around the area of leading edge due to its small curvature. Therefore, flush air data sensing(FADS) system has been developed to perform accurate measurement of the air data parameters. In the present study, the method to develop the FADS algorithms with fail-operational capability for a sharp-nosed hypersonic vehicle is provided. To be specific, the FADS system implemented with 16 airframe-integrated pressure ports is used as a case study. Numerical simulations of different freestream conditions have been conducted to generate the database for the FADS targeting in 2 ≤ Ma ≤ 5 and 0 km ≤ H ≤ 30 km. Four groups of neural network algorithms have been developed based on four different pressure port configurations, and the accuracy has been validated by 280 groups of simulations. Particularly, the algorithms based on the 16-port configuration show an excellent ability to serve as the main solver of the FADS, where 99. 5% of the angle-of-attack estimations are within the error band ±0. 2°. The accuracy of the algorithms is discussed in terms of port configuration. Furthermore, diagnosis of the system health is present in the paper. A fault-tolerant FADS system architecture has been designed, which is capable of continuously sensing the air data in the case that multi-port failure occurs, with a reduction in the system accuracy.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 50908222)
文摘Unmanned vehicle has attracted wide attention and interests throughout the world since it first deputed in the 1960s. However, the experimental methods for unmanned vehicle's intelligent behavior, such as semi-physical simulation and motion subsystem, have not been widely explored. First, the requirements of the motion subsystem in unmanned vehicle semi-physical facility are analyzed, and a six DOF parallel manipulator is selected to reproduce the pose of the vehicle. The link lengths of the motion subsystem are worked out under the given rotational angles of the vehicle. According to the geometric properties of tetrahedron, three joint positions of the top platform are determined, and the rest are obtained from the first three position vectors. Six constraint equations are set up based on the vertices on the top platform and the link lengths. In order to solve the six angle variables, a numerical algorithm built on the Newton-Raphson iterative method is presented, which is based on Taylor series expansion of six constraint equations. The pose of the top platform is ultimately calculated. The eigenvalues of the top platform are solved to obtain the natural frequencies of the motion subsystem. The coordinates of six joint centers on the top platform and six constraint equations can be realized by simple algebraic manipulation, which allows significant abbreviation in the formulation and provides a systematic way of obtaining the kinematic solution of the parallel manipulator. A numerical example is given and its efficacy is demonstrated by the inverse kinematics. The computation strategy based on tetrahedron method and Newton-Raphson iterative method provide a simple and cost-effective method for solving forward kinematics of six DOF parallel manipulators, and this method sheds light on other parallel manipulators.
基金Supported by the Scientific Research Project of Heilongjiang Province(11551054)
文摘This paper mainly focused on the growth law, model construction and visualization of a soybean root. A pot experiment was conducted in the laboratory to collect root system data and measure soybean root's length, diameter and number by excavating in different periods. On the basis of an in-depth analysis of root structure geometry, we analyzed the collected experimental data with logistic equations, and got the growth of soybean root equation, according to its morphological structure characteristics of self-similarity, and discussed the virtual modeling method on the soybean root based on L-system and in Visual c++ Using OpenGL technology to achieve a soybean root system topology model and visualization simulation.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41330319 and 42072174)Foundation of China University of Petroleum Beijing (2462020XKBH016)Fellowship of China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2020M680030)。
文摘A micro-nano pore three-dimensional visualized real-time physical simulation of natural gas charging, in-situ pore-scale computation, pore network modelling, and apparent permeability evaluation theory were used to investigate laws of gas and water flow and their distribution, and controlling factors during the gas charging process in low-permeability(tight) sandstone reservoir. By describing features of gas-water flow and distribution and their variations in the micro-nano pore system, it is found that the gas charging in the low permeability(tight) sandstone can be divided into two stages, expansion stage and stable stage. In the expansion stage, the gas flows continuously first into large-sized pores then small-sized pores, and first into centers of the pores then edges of pores;pore-throats greater than 20 μm in radius make up the major pathway for gas charging. With the increase of charging pressure, movable water in the edges of large-sized pores and in the centers of small pores is displaced out successively. Pore-throats of 20-50 μm in radius and pore-throats less than 20 μm in radius dominate the expansion of gas charging channels at different stages of charging in turn, leading to reductions in pore-throat radius, throat length and coordination number of the pathway, which is the main increase stage of gas permeability and gas saturation. Among which, pore-throats 30-50 μm in radius control the increase pattern of gas saturation. In the stable stage, gas charging pathways have expanded to the maximum, so the pathways keep stable in pore-throat radius, throat length, and coordination number, and irreducible water remains in the pore system, the gas phase is in concentrated clusters, while the water phase is in the form of dispersed thin film, and the gas saturation and gas permeability tend stable. Connected pore-throats less than 20 μm in radius control the expansion limit of the charging pathways, the formation of stable gas-water distribution, and the maximum gas saturation. The heterogeneity of connected pore-throats affects the dynamic variations of gas phase charging and gas-water distribution. It can be concluded that the pore-throat configuration and heterogeneity of the micro-nanometer pore system control the dynamic variations of the low-permeability(tight) sandstone gas charging process and gas-water distribution features.
文摘The vibration caused by terrible road excitation affects the ride quality and safety of track vehicles. The vibration control of suspension systems is a very important factor for modern track vehicles. A fuzzy logic control for suspension system of a track vehicle is presented. A mechanical model and a system of difft, rential equations of motion taking account of the mass of loading wheel are established. Then the fuzzy logic control is applied to control the vibration of suspension system of track vehicles for sine signal and random road surfaces. Numerical simulation shows that the maximum acceleration of suspension system can be reduced to 44 % of the original value for sine signal road surface, and the mean square root of acceleration of suspension system can be reduced to 21% for random road surface. Therefore, the proposed fuzzy logic control is an efficient method for the suspension systems of track vehicles.
基金Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51305475)Chongqing Research Program of Basic Research and Frontier Technology(No.cstc2013jcyj A60004)the Scientific and Technological Research Program of Chongqing Municipal Education Commission(No.KJ1500927)
文摘As hybrid vehicles introduced the motor, the vehicle structure has a significant change in the power matching. A driver-vehicle-road closed-loop semi-physical simulation system, which makes real driving parts together with the simulation car, will bring convenience to the new car design. We used the computer software to simulate the road with a slope, curve and some other features based on the actual road condition, and analyzed the whole road scene in addition to geometry and physical characteristics. Analyzing and constructing the vehicle dynamics basic template, appropriate changes to the template can obtain the desired vehicle dynamics model with an external device to control the model vehicle. It combined the physical operation system with visual display, which gave us real driving feelings and increased the vehicle design predictive accuracy.
基金Sponsored by the Ministerial Level Advanced Research Foundation(A26020060253)
文摘An investigation into the aircraft flight simulation and control system is presented in this paper. The study was firstly focused on the establishment of an integrated hardware-in-the-loop(HITL) platform for aircraft flight simulation based on MATLAB/Simulink + dSPACE. The platform combines the abundant software and hardware resources of dSPACE simulation platform to simulate the flight attitude of an aircraft in six-DOF ( degree of freedom) motion. Based on the platform, the study was then focused on the flight numerical simulation by taking a loitering aerial vehicle as an example. An aircraft mathematical model was created for a modular design and off-line numerical simulation based on MATLAB/Simulink. Finally, the study was focused on the control system design of the loitering aerial vehicle and conduct of an HITL simulation experiment for the vehicle pitch control. The experiment verifies the system design and control effectiveness. Research results show that the dSPACE simulation system provides a real time good experimental platform to improve the efficiency of study and development of a flight control system.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51274136 51704190)
文摘A new visualization method for studying the damage to gel structure caused by high salinity ions is explored by using the characteristics of suppression image signal of Mn^(2+) and nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR) imaging technique. The diffusion and distribution characteristics of Mn^(2+) in porous media-gel system were studied based on manganese chloride static diffusion and gel flooding experiments, and the gel's nuclear magnetic image and displacement pressure were tested. The results show that the diffusion of Mn^(2+)conforms to the Fick diffusion law in porous media-gel system, and the diffusion speed of Mn^(2+) increases and the area of gel image decreases gradually with the increase of concentration, and the image of gel decreases faster and the pressure drop of water drive is larger in flooding experiment of manganese chloride with higher concentration. Reaction-diffusion model with the reaction of Mn^(2+) with gel was established to study the concentration distribution characteristics of Mn^(2+). The model is validated by comparing the results with magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) experiments and the diffusion coefficient of Mn^(2+) equals 1.6 mm^2/h, and the minimum concentration of Mn^(2+) to impact gel NMR image signals is 2.5 g/L. The above results show that the diffusion of Mn^(2+) into the gel in the rock core inhibits the imaging signal of the gel and damages its strength, and the greater the concentration is, the greater the influence. Increase of adsorption amount of gel and reaction rate, reduction of diffusion time, and addition of ion adsorption isolator all can reduce the impact of Mn^(2+) on the gel.
文摘In the R&D phase of Gravity-1(YL-1), a multi-domain modeling and simulation technology based on Modelica language was introduced, which was a recent attempt in the practice of modeling and simulation method for launch vehicles in China. It realizes a complex coupling model within a unified model for different domains, so that technologists can work on one model. It ensured the success of YL-1 first launch mission, supports rapid iteration, full validation, and tight design collaboration.
文摘Background:(I)To describe the development and components of the automobile simulator driving behavior evaluation system developed by CRIR-Institut Nazareth et Louis-Braille;(II)to present the preliminary results of the content evaluation of the driving behavior evaluation grid.Methods:The evaluation system consists of five components:(I)the VS500M Car Simulator(Virage Simulation);(II)four VS500M driving scenarios,modified to minimize the occurrence of simulator sickness and expose subjects to commonly encountered driving situations on highways and city boulevards;(III)the Tobii Pro Glasses 2 eye tracking device;(IV)a car simulator driving behavior observation grid(DBOG);(V)a software application used during the behaviour evaluation phase,where synchronized video tracking,certain data from the simulator(e.g.,speed)and the DBOG grid are presented.Initially,the expected safe driving behaviors were identified,including 235 of a visual nature,supported by literature data and consultation of the project steering committee and an expert in driving assessment.Driving behaviors were assessed in 22 subjects without visual impairment(mean age 55±20 years).Subsequently,the items were revised to determine their relevance based on their importance in terms of road safety or on the frequency with which behaviors were observed among participants.For analysis purpose,the items of the DBOG were grouped according to their content,by type of expected driving behavior(e.g.,following a stop,look to the left and right before crossing the intersection)or element to be detected(e.g.,pedestrians).Results:Some visual behaviors are difficult to observe with the eye tracker device because they are more dependent on peripheral than central vision.Others are rarely observed,possibly because they are little or not realized in daily life or the representation of reality on the simulator does not stimulate their adoption.On the other hand,the visual detection behaviors expected in a situation where safety can be compromised are mostly carried out(e.g.,detection of oncoming vehicles,side mirror verification when changing lanes).Conclusions:This first phase of the study has made possible to better target the items to be kept in the car simulator driving behavior observation grid,and those that will have to be removed as they are too difficult to observe or too rarely adopted by the participants.Content validity and inter-rater reliability will be assessed from the simplified grid.
文摘The implementation of a missile's visual simulation system is explained that is developed with OpenGL(open graphic library) and the flight path and flight carriage in different stages of the missile are displayed. The establishment problems of the 3D scene are circumstantiated including the construction and redeployment of the model, creation of the virtual scene, setting of the multi-viewports and multi-windows etc. The missile's data driver, system flow, the modules and their mutual relations of the missile visual simulation system are discussed. The missile flight simulation results and effect of the scenes are given.
文摘In view of the characteristics of underwater navigation, the simulation platform of navigation system for autonomous underwater vehicle has been developed based on Windows platform. The system architecture, net communication and the information flow are discussed. The methods of software realization and some key techniques of the Vehicle Computer and the Navigation Equipment Computer are introduced in particular. The software design of Terrain Matching Computer is introduced also. The simulation platform is verified and analyzed through simulation. The results show that the architecture of the platform is reasonable and reliable, and the mathematic models and simulation algorithms of sub-systems are also valid and practicable.