Clinical Value of Predictive Nursing Intervention on Deep Venous Thrombosis of Lower Extremities after Cesarean Section

[Objectives]To explore the clinical nursing value of predictive nursing intervention in patients with deep venous thrombosis of lower extremities after cesarean section.[Methods]From December 2022 to April 2023,105 pregnant and lying-in women who were hospitalized in the Gynecology Department of Pingquan Hospital and underwent cesarean section and met the inclusion criteria were included as the study objects.According to the medical records,they were divided into observation group(n=52 cases)and control group(n=53 cases).The clinical experimental subjects were divided into two groups.One group was the control group with routine nursing,and the other group was the observation group with predictive nursing intervention.The number of cases of deep venous thrombosis of lower extremities in the two groups was recorded to evaluate the clinical value.[Results]The incidence of deep venous thrombosis of lower extremities in the two groups after cesarean section was compared,and it was suggested that the incidence of the observation group was lower than that of the control group(P<0.05).[Conclusions]Special predictive nursing intervention can greatly reduce the incidence of deep venous thrombosis of lower extremities after cesarean section,improve nursing satisfaction,and improve clinical efficacy,which is worthy of recommendation.

Efficacy of percutaneous mechanical thrombus removal in acute lower extremity deep venous thrombosis

BACKGROUND Acute lower extremity deep venous thrombosis(LEDVT)is a common vascular emergency with significant morbidity risks,including post-thrombotic syndrome(PTS)and pulmonary embolism.Traditional treatments like catheter-directed thrombolysis(CDT)often result in variable success rates and complications.AIM To investigate the therapeutic efficacy of percutaneous mechanical thrombus removal in acute LEDVT.METHODS A retrospective analysis was performed to examine 58 hospitalised patients with acute LEDVT between August 2019 and August 2022.The patients were categorised into the percutaneous mechanical thrombectomy(PMT)group(n=24)and CDT group(n=32).The follow-up,safety and treatment outcomes were compared between the two groups.The main observational indexes were venous patency score,thrombus removal effect,complications,hospitalisation duration and PTS.RESULTS The venous patency score was 9.04±1.40 in the PMT group and 8.81±1.60 in the CDT group,and the thrombus clearance rate was 100%in both groups.The complication rate was 8.33%in the PMT group and 34.84%in the CDT group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The average hospitalisation duration was 6.54±2.48 days in the PMT group and 8.14±3.56 days in the CDT group.The incidence of PTS was lower in the PMT group than in the CDT group;however,the difference was not statistically significant(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Compared with CDT,treatment of LEDVT via PMT was associated with a better thrombus clearance rate,clinical therapeutic effect and PTS prevention function,but the difference was not statistically significant.Moreover,PMT was associated with a reduced urokinase dosage,shortened hospitalisation duration and reduced incidence of complications,such as infections and small haemorrhages.These results indicate that PMT has substantial beneficial effects in the treatment of LEDVT.

Application of negative pressure closed drainage in the treatment of venous ulcer of lower limbs

Venous ulcer of lower extremities is a serious manifestation of venous insufficiency of lower extremities in the later stage,which is characterized by inflammatory exudation at the initial stage,followed by skin rupture,and finally forms the whole layer of skin atrophy and necrosis,which does not heal for a long time.How to promote ulcer healing is the most important problem in the treatment of venous ulcers of lower extremities.Vacuum sealing drainage(VSD)is constantly used in clinic and plays a unique advantage in wound healing.This paper mainly reviews the present situation of venous ulcer of lower extremities and summary,principle,application progress,attentions and prospect of VSD at home and abroad.

Meta analysis of clinical efficacy of combination of traditional Chinese and western medicine in the treatment of venous ulcer of lower extremities

Objective: To test the therapeutic effect of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine on venous ulcer of lower limbs by Meta analysis method, and then to propose the best clinical treatment scheme. Methods: Domestic databases in the past 20 years (January 1999-December 2019) were searched by computer, including China Journal Full-text Database (CNKI), VIP, Wanfang and CBM. Literature was screened according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Cochrane risk assessment tool was used to evaluate the quality of the included literature. Two-classification method was used to extract data. RevMan 5.3 software was used to make statistical analysis of the data. Results: Eleven articles were finally included, totaling 1,576 patients, 804 cases in the treatment group and 772 cases in the control group. Meta-analysis results show that there is no difference in heterogeneity and bias among the included literatures. The total effective rate (risk ratio [RR]=1.12, 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.09-1.15) of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine in treating venous ulcer of lower limbs is higher, which is obviously better than that of western medicine alone. Conclusion: Through data analysis, it is concluded that in the study population, the treatment of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine has a significant effect on venous ulcer of lower limbs. Make up for the deficiency of simple western medicine treatment, improve the cure rate and reduce the recurrence rate. However, there is currently a lack of relevant high-quality literature, so a large sample size, rigorous and standardized experimental design and randomized double-blind clinical study are needed to further test the conclusions.

Comparison of four clinical scores for the predicting lower limb deep venous thrombosis in Chinese patients

Objective：To evaluate Wells, Kahn, St.Andr 6 and Constans scores for the prediction of deep venous thrombosis in Chinese patients. Methods：One hundred and seventy-two patients, prospectively, blinded referred for evaluation with four clinical-score systems for suspected deep venous thrombosis, were examined by ultrasonography. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and receiver operation curves were calculated for four clinical scores. The difference between areas of the ROC curve for each of the scores was compared with others and reference line. Results：Forty-six of 172 patients had deep venous thrombosis proven by sonography. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value for Wells score was 91.3%, 57.1%, 43.8% and 94.7%, respectively, for Kahn score; 65.2%, 71.4%, 45.5% and 84.9%, respectively, for St.Andr 6 score; 63%, 38.9%, 27.4% and 74.2% respectively, for Constans score; 95.7%, 34.9%, 34.9% and 95.7% respectively. Area under ROV curve of Constans score was 0.814, which was similar to that of Wells score, then followed by Kahn score and that of St.Andr 6 score was no difference with the reference line. Conclusion：Based on the results of our study, the sensitivity, negative prediction value and area under ROC curve are larger for Constans score and Wells score in Chinese hospitalized patients than that of Kahn score or St.Andr 6 score. Considering the aim of the clinical assessment, Constans score and Wells score are more efficient for Chinese hospitalized patients.

Analysis thrombolysis with anticoagulation treatment for early stage of deep vein thrombosis in the lower extremities

Objective: To explore the effect of thrombolysis with anticoagulation treatment for early stage of deep vein thrombosis of lower extremity. Methods: The clinical data of 106 patients at the early stage of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in the lower extremities treated by thrombolysis with anticoagulation and dispersion drugs were analyzed retrospectively. Results: The thrombolytic effect was significant. After treatment, the deep veins were recanalized without regurgitation in 75.3% of the patients. The total effective rate was 100%. Only three patients had hemorrhagic complication, but none of the patients died. Conclusion: Thrombolysis with anticoagulation treatment is an effective and safe method for DVT at the early stage.

Manual aspiration thrombectomy for acute and subacute inferior vena cava thrombosis and lower extremity deep venous thrombosis

Deep vein thrombosis(DVT), which can lead to pulmonary embolism(PE), is a major contributor to the global disease burden and is the third most common cardiovascular pathology after coronary artery disease and stroke. Venous thromboembolic disease, which encompasses the disease entities of DVT and PE, affects up to 10 million cases every year and represents a serious and potentially life-threatening condition. Standard anticoagulation therapy alone is ineffective at promoting deep venous system thrombus removal. Many patients develop postthrombotic syndrome(PTS) despite being on adequate anticoagulation therapy. Aggressive therapy for rapid thrombus removal is important to prevent the development of PTS. Besides impeding the onset of PTS, rapid clearance of the thrombus is also required in the treatment of phlegmasia cerulea dolens, an uncommon but life-threatening complication of acute DVT that can lead to arterial insufficiency, compartment syndrome, venous gangrene, and limb amputation. Manual aspiration thrombectomy(MAT) can provide rapid and effective therapy that could be compared to the open surgical thrombectomy approach with minimal risk of morbidity, mortality, or recurrence after surgery. Though many devices have been developed to date for pharmacomechanical thrombolysis, the cost of the treatment using these devices is very expensive. MAT is simple to perform, easy to learn, inexpensive, and rapid. This review will outline and dissect several studies and case reports, sourced from the Pub Med database, on the subject of the use of MAT in treating inferior vena cava thrombosis and lower extremity DVT, including in patients with compression of the iliac vein and phlegmasia cerulea dolens.

Two-point compression ultrasonography: Enough to rule out lower extremity deep venous thrombosis?

BACKGROUND: Deep venous thrombosis(DVT) is a major cause of morbidity and is a common presenting complaint to the emergency department(ED). Point-of-care two-point compression ultrasonography has evolved as a quick and effective way of diagnosing DVT. The purpose of this study is to validate the prevalence and distribution of venous thrombi isolated to proximal lower extremity veins, other than common femoral and popliteal veins in patients with DVT.METHODS: This is a single-center retrospective study that looked at patients presenting to the ED of a tertiary care hospital between January 2014 and August 2018. The clinical presentation and laboratory and imaging results were obtained using the hospital's electronic medical record.RESULTS: A total of 2,507 patients underwent a lower extremity duplex ultrasound during the study period. Among them, 379(15%) were included in the study. The percentages of isolated thrombi to the femoral vein and deep femoral vein were 7.92% and 0.53%, respectively. When the patients were stratified into the two groups of isolated DVT and two-point compression DVT, there were no statistically significant differences in the laboratory results between both groups. However, immobilized patients and patients with recent surgeries were more likely to have an isolated DVT.CONCLUSIONS: Thrombi isolated to proximal lower extremity veins other than the common femoral and popliteal veins make up 8.45% of DVTs. Given this significant number of missed DVTs, the authors recommend the addition of the femoral and deep femoral veins to the two-point compression exam.

柚皮素抑制cGAS-STING通路活化对大鼠下肢深静脉血栓形成的影响

【目的】探讨柚皮素抗大鼠下肢深静脉血栓形成机制。【方法】将60只大鼠随机分为6组,即假手术组,模型组,柚皮素低、中、高剂量组和柚皮素高剂量+STING激动剂2.5己酮可可碱(DMXAA)组,每组10只。检测各组大鼠凝血指标[D-二聚体(D-dimer)、凝血酶时间(TT)、活化部分凝血活酶时间(APTT)、凝血酶原时间(PT)],炎症指标[白细胞介素1β(IL-1β)、白细胞介素6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)]及氧化应激指标[丙二醛(MDA)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)];苏木素-伊红(HE)染色法检测静脉血栓形成;检测血栓湿质量和干质量;透射电镜检测静脉血栓超微结构;Western Blot法检测静脉血栓组织中环鸟苷酸-腺苷酸合成酶(c GAS)、干扰素基因刺激因子(STING)蛋白表达。【结果】(1)与假手术组比较,模型组大鼠D-dimer水平,IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α水平,MDA含量,血栓湿质量和干质量增加,TT、APTT、PT,SOD活性和GSH-Px活性降低(均P<0.05);与模型组比较,柚皮素低、中、高剂量组大鼠D-dimer水平,IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α水平,MDA含量,血栓湿质量和干质量降低,TT、APTT、PT,SOD活性和GSH-Px活性增加(均P<0.05),且呈剂量依赖性;与柚皮素高剂量组比较,柚皮素高剂量+DMXAA组大鼠D-dimer水平,IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α水平,MDA含量,血栓湿质量和干质量升高,TT、APTT、PT,SOD活性和GSH-Px活性降低(均P<0.05)。(2)与假手术组比较,模型组大鼠静脉血栓组织中cGAS、STING蛋白表达水平升高(P<0.05);与模型组比较,柚皮素低、中、高剂量组大鼠静脉血栓组织中cGAS、STING蛋白表达水平均显著降低(P<0.05);柚皮素高剂量+DMXAA组大鼠cGAS、STING蛋白表达水平显著高于柚皮素高剂量组(P<0.05)。【结论】柚皮素可通过抑制cGAS/STING信号通路活化,抑制炎症、氧化应激反应,从而缓解下肢深静脉血栓形成。

基于Caprini风险评估模型的分级干预联合鼻饲温开水预防危重症患者下肢深静脉血栓的效果

目的:分析基于Caprini风险评估模型的分级干预联合鼻饲温开水对危重症患者下肢深静脉血栓的预防价值。方法:根据随机数字表法将120例于2020年6月—2023年6月在山东大学齐鲁医院接受治疗的危重症患者分为两组。对照组(n=60)接受常规干预,观察组(n=60)接受基于Caprini风险评估模型的分级干预联合鼻饲温开水干预。对两组血液流变学、凝血指标、下肢深静脉血栓风险分级及下肢深静脉血栓发生率进行比较。结果:干预第7天,两组全血高切黏度、全血低切黏度、血小板聚集率和D-二聚体、凝血酶-抗凝血酶复合物均低于干预前,且观察组均低于对照组,两组凝血酶原时间均长于干预前,且观察组长于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预第7天,观察组下肢深静脉血栓风险分级优于对照组,下肢深静脉血栓发生率低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:基于Caprini风险评估模型的分级干预与鼻饲温开水联合应用,可改善危重症患者的血液流变学和凝血功能,有效预防下肢深静脉血栓发生。

Choosing ankle tourniquets in foot and ankle surgery: Beyond postoperative pain considerations

This editorial critically explores the use of ankle vs thigh tourniquets in foot and ankle surgery based on a recent study that found no significant difference in postoperative pain between the two placement techniques.Despite these findings,we argue for the preferential use of ankle tourniquets,highlighting their potential benefits in reducing venous blood stasis and minimizing soft tissue injury.This approach underscores the importance of considering long-term patient outcomes and vascular health beyond immediate postoperative pain.By integrating study findings with broader clinical considerations,we hereby advocate for a nuanced approach to tourniquet use that prioritizes patient safety and long-term recovery in conjunction with immediate postoperative pain.

Clinical Application of Percutaneous Transluminal Angioplasty and Stent Implantation in Acute Lower Extremity Deep Venous Thrombosis

Purpose: To analyze the application of percutaneous transluminal angioplasty and stenting in acute deep venous thrombosis of lower extremities. Methods: 70 patients were divided into two groups according to the presence or absence of percutaneous transluminal angioplasty and stenting. Results: The mean circumferential diameter difference between the affected limbs and the healthy limbs and the knees at 15 cm was statistically significant. The cure rate and effective rate of the research group were higher than those of the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty and stenting are of high value in acute lower extremity deep venous thrombosis.

Discussion on Prevention and Treatment of Lower Extremity Deep Venous Thrombosis in Orthopedic Perioperative Period from Spleen and Stomach Meridians

Deep venous thrombosis of lower extremity is one of the common complications in orthopedic perioperative period.It is caused by many factors,such as peripheral vein dilation,slow blood flow;long-term immobilization,bed rest and so on.On the one hand,it affects the early postoperative functional exercise and functional recovery,on the other hand,it increases the length of hospital stay and economic burden,increases the pain of patients and even endangers their lives.Effective treatment of traditional Chinese medicine combined with western medicine can play a better role in the prevention and treatment of lower extremity deep venous thrombosis.This study expounds the concept of spleen and stomach meridians in the prevention and treatment of lower extremity deep venous thrombosis,and puts forward some opinions on the dialectical treatment and daily conditioning of lower extremity deep venous thrombosis,hoping to provide ideas for the clinical prevention and treatment of lower extremity deep venous thrombosis in traditional Chinese medicine.

基于Caprini风险评估模型的个性化预防护理对老年髋部骨折术后患者下肢深静脉血栓形成的影响

目的:探讨基于Caprini风险评估模型的个性化预防护理对老年髋部骨折术后患者下肢深静脉血栓形成(deep venous thrombosis,DVT)的影响。方法:选取2020年3月至2022年2月北京积水潭医院收治并施行手术治疗的186例老年髋部骨折患者为研究对象。根据随机数字表法将患者随机分为对照组与观察组,每组各93例。比较2组患者DVT发生率、血栓最大宽度及DVT相关知识知晓情况;比较2组患者术前、术后3、5 d及出院时D-二聚体值、双下肢大腿周径差值,并记录干预期间其他并发症情况。结果:观察组患者DVT发生率为4.30%,低于对照组的12.90%(P<0.05)。观察组患者血栓最大宽度低于对照组(P<0.05)。出院时,观察组患者预防DVT相关知识知晓问卷总分及各维度评分均高于对照组(均P<0.05)。术后,随着时间推移,2组患者D-二聚体值随之下降,且观察组各时间点D-二聚体值均低于对照组(均P<0.05)。术后3 d,2组患者双下肢大腿周径差值均较术前上升,之后2组患者双下肢大腿周径差值随时间推移下降,且观察组患者各时间点双下肢大腿周径差值均低于对照组(均P<0.05)。观察组患者其他并发症发生率为6.5%,显著低于对照组的18.3%(P<0.05)。结论:基于Caprini风险评估模型的个性化预防护理对老年髋部骨折术后下肢DVT的预防效果较好,能明显减少DVT。

急性期下肢深静脉血栓的T1 mapping成像特征及诊断价值

目的探讨磁共振T1 mapping技术对于急慢性下肢深静脉血栓的诊断价值。方法对57例有下肢深静脉血栓的患者行磁共振T1 mapping成像,以获取血栓的T1弛豫时间(T1 time)。根据下肢水肿的持续时间不同,将57例患者分为急性组和慢性组。急性组下肢水肿时间短于2周,慢性组下肢水肿时间长于2周。使用Mann Whitney检验方法比较两组血栓的T1 time有无统计学差异。使用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线进一步评估T1 time鉴别急慢性血栓的价值。结果急性组血栓的T1 time显著低于慢性组[(819.4±223.7)ms vs.(1264.8±270.7)ms,P<0.01]。T1 time用于鉴别急性血栓和慢性血栓的ROC曲线下面积为0.93。如果使用1015 ms作为划分急性和慢性血栓的阈值,T1 time的诊断敏感性为91%,特异性为86%。结论磁共振T1 mapping技术对下肢深静脉急性血栓和慢性血栓有一定的鉴别诊断价值,值得进一步研究。

Indigo经皮机械血栓抽吸术治疗May-Thurner综合征合并急性髂股静脉血栓

May-Thurner综合征为髂静脉受压所致下肢及盆腔静脉回流障碍性疾病,是下肢深静脉血栓(deep venous thrombosis, DVT)形成的重要原因^([1]);合并急性髂股静脉血栓(ilofemoral venous thrombosis, IFVT)时可出现下肢疼痛、肿胀及功能障碍,血栓脱落可引发肺栓塞^([2])。

基于Caprini模型风险的集束化护理在重症急性心肌梗死患者下肢静脉血栓预防中的应用效果

目的探讨基于Caprini模型风险的集束化护理在重症急性心肌梗死(AMI)患者下肢静脉血栓预防中的应用效果。方法选取鹰潭市人民医院于2019年1月至2022年3月收治的80例重症AMI患者为研究对象,按照随机数字表法将其分为对照组与观察组,每组40例。对照组采用常规护理,观察组采用基于Caprini模型风险的集束化护理。比较两组患者术后深静脉血栓(DVT)发生率、活化部分凝血酶时间(APTT)、凝血酶原时间(PT)、D-二聚体(D-D)水平及血栓弹力图参数。结果观察组患者术后DVT发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预前,两组患者APTT、PT、D-D、凝血时间(R)、血块动力(K)、血块强度(MA)、血细胞凝块形成速率(ε)、综合凝血指数(CI)比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后,两组患者APTT、PT均短于干预前,D-D、ε均低于干预前,R、K均长于干预前,MA、CI均高于干预前,且观察组患者APTT、PT均短于对照组,D-D、ε均低于对照组,R、K均长于对照组,MA、CI均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论基于Caprini模型风险的集束化护理可有效降低重症AMI患者DVT发生率,改善凝血指标。

Lower Extremity Ulcers in Patients with Systemic Sclerosis

Introduction: Cutaneous manifestations of systemic sclerosis (SSc) include skin ulceration;4% - 12% of patients with SSc develop lower extremity ulcers of various etiologies. Limited data, significant morbidity, and substantial cost of wound care led us to undertake this study to describe and identify risk factors. Methods: After Institutional Review Board approval, we identified 30 patients with SSc and lower extremity ulcers over a 10-year period at a single center with an SSc clinic, which were included in a descriptive analysis. Results: Median age of onset of lower extremity ulcers was 59.5 years (range 20 - 84). Ninety percent of patients were female, 60% were Caucasian, 63% had limited SSc, 13% diffuse SSc and 23% an overlap syndrome. Immunomodulators or steroids were prescribed in 53%;hypercoagulable state identified in 16%. Ulcers were attributed to venous stasis (27%), SSc (20%), trauma (20%), arterial disease (17%), and multifactorial/unknown (17%). In patients with ulcers attributed to SSc, age at onset was lower (45.5 vs 59.5 years). Biopsies generally did not contribute to management. Multidisciplinary treatment was routine;20% required amputation, 10% endovascular intervention, 20% frequent surgical debridement, 10% hyperbaric oxygen, 26% local treatment and antibiotics and 13% received immunosuppression for wound treatment. Conclusion: Lower extremity ulcers are a serious clinical problem in patients with SSc. The clinical exam, venous dopplers, ankle-brachial indices and assessment of vascular risk factors helped define causality. In younger patients, ulcers were more frequently attributed to SSc and these patients were more likely to be on immunosuppressants/DMARDS, possibly indicating severe phenotype of SSc.

Caprini风险评估护理对中青年妇科恶性肿瘤患者术后下肢深静脉血栓形成的影响

目的 探讨Caprini风险评估护理模式对中青年妇科恶性肿瘤患者术后下肢深静脉血栓形成的影响。方法 选取安阳市肿瘤医院妇三科2017年9月到2020年6月行手术治疗的180例恶性肿瘤患者,利用随机数表法分为对照组、观察组,各90例。对照组接受常规风险护理措施,观察组接受Caprini风险评估护理措施,比较两组患者对护理的满意程度、患者下肢周径、血流速度以及凝血功能[活化部分凝血活酶时间(APTT)、凝血酶原时间(PT)、凝血酶时间(TT)]水平。结果 观察组护理满意度高于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组患者的下肢周径短于对照组,血流速度快于对照组(P<0.05)。干预后观察组PT、APTT、TT升高幅度均高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 Caprini风险评估护理模式能够降低中青年妇科恶性肿瘤患者术后下肢深静脉血栓发生率,改善患者下肢深静脉血液淤滞状况,效果明显。

基于Caprini风险评估模型的护理干预预防颅脑术后下肢静脉血栓的效果

目的:探究分析基于Caprini风险评估模型的护理干预预防颅脑术后下肢静脉血栓的效果。方法:抽取我院神经外科2020年2月-2022年2月间收治的67例需实施颅脑术治疗的患者为观察对象并纳入本组研究,将其依照随机数字表法(由计算机随机生成数字1-67号)分成两组,对照组33例,观察组34例。其中,对照组术后施以常规护理干预,观察组采取基于Caprini风险评估模型的护理干预预防对策,比较两组患者护理前后神经功能缺损、心理状态评分、下肢静脉血栓发生率及对护理的满意度。结果:(1)观察组经护理干预后评估发现,其组中患者NIHSS、SAS、SDS评分均低于对照组(t=-4.657、-7.504、-8.031,P<0.05);(2)观察组无下肢静脉血栓高危发生风险,低危2例,中危1例,均低于对照组的风险发生数,但中高危数据对比差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=1.133、3.077,P>0.05);低危数据对比结果显示差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.566,P<0.05);(3)观察组患者护理总满意度为94.12%,高于对照组护理总满意度78.79%,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(χ^(2)=10.034,P<0.05)。结论:基于Caprini风险评估模型的护理干预预防颅脑术后下肢静脉血栓效果良好,不但有助于脑神经功能恢复,还能稳定心理状态,而高质量的护理服务可提高患者满意度。