Mechanical Ventilation with Heat Recovery(MVHR)systems are gaining increasing interest in buildings with low energy demand,for improvement of the Indoor Air Quality(IAQ)and reduction of the ventilation energy loss.In ...Mechanical Ventilation with Heat Recovery(MVHR)systems are gaining increasing interest in buildings with low energy demand,for improvement of the Indoor Air Quality(IAQ)and reduction of the ventilation energy loss.In retrofitted buildings,MVHRs are often integrated with an additional air heater to cover space heating demand.Hence,evaluation of the interactions between MVHR and heat emitter,and their effects on indoor airflow characteristics is of significant importance.The present study aims to investigate effects of a combined MVHR-fan-coil system in heating mode on IAQ and thermal comfort parameters inside a retrofitted room,by means of a computational fluid dynamic(CFD)code.The proposed CFD model is validated by comparing the numerical results with experimental data.The results yielded by numerical simulations allow evaluating the indoor environmental quality characteristics as well as addressing the MVHR and fan coil interactions.The results indicate that the airflow discharged from the fan coil could have a significant impact on the age of the air;while it provides a desirable thermal comfort condition within the room,it may hinder to some extent delivery of the fresh air to the occupied zone due to creation of counterflow fields.Furthermore,it is shown that although increasing the fan speed(ON mode)would slightly enhance the air change efficiency,the OFF mode yields not only a better distribution of the fresh air but also a higher ventilation efficiency than when fan coil operates.展开更多
With depletion of shallow deposits,the number of underground mines expected to reach more than 3 km depth during their lifetime is growing.Although surface cooling plants are mostly effective in mine airconditioning,u...With depletion of shallow deposits,the number of underground mines expected to reach more than 3 km depth during their lifetime is growing.Although surface cooling plants are mostly effective in mine airconditioning,usually secondary cooling units are needed below 2 kmdepth.This need emerges due to the elevated thermal impacts caused by auto-compression of mine air as well as heat emissions from strata and mine machinery.As a result,in cold climates,like Canada,ultra-deep mines need their secondary underground cooling plants running year-round while the intake air must be heated to protect the sensitive machinery and liners from freezing during the winter season.To cool mine air,horizontal bulk-airconditioners with direct spray cooling systems are commonly used due to their high performance.Conventionally,sprayed water in bulk-air-coolers are mechanically circulated and refrigerated in coupled refrigeration plants.This set up can be transformed to a natural cooling/heating process by resurfacing the warm underground bulk-air-cooler spray water for mine air heating on the surface and re-sinking the chilled water for cooling in the underground bulk air coolers.This could significantly cut-down the fossil-fuel consumption in burners for mine air pre-conditioning and refrigeration cost when applicable.This paper presents an anonymous real-life example to study the feasibility of the proposed idea for an ultra-deep Canadian mine.展开更多
文摘Mechanical Ventilation with Heat Recovery(MVHR)systems are gaining increasing interest in buildings with low energy demand,for improvement of the Indoor Air Quality(IAQ)and reduction of the ventilation energy loss.In retrofitted buildings,MVHRs are often integrated with an additional air heater to cover space heating demand.Hence,evaluation of the interactions between MVHR and heat emitter,and their effects on indoor airflow characteristics is of significant importance.The present study aims to investigate effects of a combined MVHR-fan-coil system in heating mode on IAQ and thermal comfort parameters inside a retrofitted room,by means of a computational fluid dynamic(CFD)code.The proposed CFD model is validated by comparing the numerical results with experimental data.The results yielded by numerical simulations allow evaluating the indoor environmental quality characteristics as well as addressing the MVHR and fan coil interactions.The results indicate that the airflow discharged from the fan coil could have a significant impact on the age of the air;while it provides a desirable thermal comfort condition within the room,it may hinder to some extent delivery of the fresh air to the occupied zone due to creation of counterflow fields.Furthermore,it is shown that although increasing the fan speed(ON mode)would slightly enhance the air change efficiency,the OFF mode yields not only a better distribution of the fresh air but also a higher ventilation efficiency than when fan coil operates.
文摘With depletion of shallow deposits,the number of underground mines expected to reach more than 3 km depth during their lifetime is growing.Although surface cooling plants are mostly effective in mine airconditioning,usually secondary cooling units are needed below 2 kmdepth.This need emerges due to the elevated thermal impacts caused by auto-compression of mine air as well as heat emissions from strata and mine machinery.As a result,in cold climates,like Canada,ultra-deep mines need their secondary underground cooling plants running year-round while the intake air must be heated to protect the sensitive machinery and liners from freezing during the winter season.To cool mine air,horizontal bulk-airconditioners with direct spray cooling systems are commonly used due to their high performance.Conventionally,sprayed water in bulk-air-coolers are mechanically circulated and refrigerated in coupled refrigeration plants.This set up can be transformed to a natural cooling/heating process by resurfacing the warm underground bulk-air-cooler spray water for mine air heating on the surface and re-sinking the chilled water for cooling in the underground bulk air coolers.This could significantly cut-down the fossil-fuel consumption in burners for mine air pre-conditioning and refrigeration cost when applicable.This paper presents an anonymous real-life example to study the feasibility of the proposed idea for an ultra-deep Canadian mine.
