The ultrasound pressure-strain loop (PSL) technique is a non-invasive method of examining myocardial work, which takes into account the effect of cardiac afterload on deformation and combines the overall longitudinal ...The ultrasound pressure-strain loop (PSL) technique is a non-invasive method of examining myocardial work, which takes into account the effect of cardiac afterload on deformation and combines the overall longitudinal strain force of the left ventricle with the changes in the left ventricular pressure, allowing earlier detection of possible subclinical cardiac damage in patients, and a more accurate and non-invasive assessment of the patient’s myocardial work performance. In this article, we will discuss the progress of PSL applications in cardiovascular diseases.展开更多
Objective: Ischemic conditioning (IC) limits myocyte necrosis after acute myocardial ischemia-reperfusion;however, controversy persists regarding its potential to attenuate LV contractile dysfunction. Pressure-volume ...Objective: Ischemic conditioning (IC) limits myocyte necrosis after acute myocardial ischemia-reperfusion;however, controversy persists regarding its potential to attenuate LV contractile dysfunction. Pressure-volume (P-V) loop analysis, via the load-insensitive conductance catheter method, was used to evaluate LV contractility, diastolic function, and ventriculo-arterial coupling. The goal of this study was to evaluate the ability of IC to improve post-ischemic recovery of LV contractile function. Methods: Twelve anesthetized dogs were randomly distributed to either the IC or the non-IC group;all dogs were subject to 60-min acute coronary occlusion followed by 180-min reperfusion. IC consisted of 4 repeated cycles of 5-min occlusion and 5-min reperfusion of the left main coronary artery. LV P-V relations were constructed under steady-state conditions (by inferior vena cava occlusion) at the beginning and end of the experiments;P-V loops were acquired at different time points before and during ischemia-reperfusion. Results: During ischemia and reperfusion, dP/dt<sub>max</sub> decreased significantly compared to baseline in both groups;dP/dt<sub>min</sub>, an indicator of the rate of LV relaxation rate was not affected for either group. Significant changes in several parameters of LV function including LVEF, SW, tPFR, ESV, and EDV caused by ischemia were also identified;none of these negative effects were resorbed, even in part, during reperfusion. Conclusions: Diminished LV contractile efficiency during systole and diastole produced by ischemia-reperfusion did not improve with IC pre-treatment despite significant endogenous protection against tissue necrosis.展开更多
目的:探讨左室压力-应变环技术对ST段抬高型心肌梗死(STEMI)患者直接经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)术后早期左室重构(LVR)的预测价值。方法:收集2021年10月—2022年7月佛山市第一人民医院心血管重症监护室行直接PCI术的102例STEMI患者,根...目的:探讨左室压力-应变环技术对ST段抬高型心肌梗死(STEMI)患者直接经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)术后早期左室重构(LVR)的预测价值。方法:收集2021年10月—2022年7月佛山市第一人民医院心血管重症监护室行直接PCI术的102例STEMI患者,根据术后3个月左室收缩末期容积(LVESV)是否增大≥15%分为重构组(n=42)与非重构组(n=60)。收集患者的一般资料,术后48h、术后1个月、术后3个月对患者进行常规二维超声心动图检查(2D-TTE)、左室纵向应变(LVGLS)及心肌做功参数检查,心肌做功参数包括整体做功指数(GWI)、整体有用功(GCW)、整体无用功(GWW)、整体做功效率(GWE),比较两组间以上参数的差异。结果:两组术后48h各参数比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),术后1个月、术后3个月重构组的左室舒张末期内径(LVEDD)、左室舒张末期容积(LVEDV)、LVESV高于非重构组,左室射血分数(LVEF)低于非重构组,术后3个月重构组的左房内径高于非重构组,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05),余参数差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术后48h,术后1个月、术后3个月重构组LVGLS、GWE、GWI、GCW低于非重构组,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05),GWW高于非重构组,但仅术后1个月的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,术后48 h GWI≤1307 mmHg%及术后1个月GWE≤88%是行直接PCI术后的STEMI患者出现LVR的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论:术后48h GWI≤1307mmHg%和术后1个月GWE≤88%是STEMI患者行直接PCI术后早期出现LVR的独立危险因素。展开更多
Background Right ventricular function plays an important role in the hemodynamic derangement during off-pump coronary artery bypass （OPCAB） surgery. Pressure-volume loops have been shown to provide load-independent ...Background Right ventricular function plays an important role in the hemodynamic derangement during off-pump coronary artery bypass （OPCAB） surgery. Pressure-volume loops have been shown to provide load-independent information of cardiac function. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility of construction of right ventricular pressure-volume loops with pressure and volume data measured by a volumetric pulmonary artery catheter （PAC） and to evaluate right ventricular systolic and diastolic function by end-systolic elastance （EEs） and end-diastolic stiffness （EED） in OPCAB surgery. Methods Twenty-eight patients who underwent OPCAB surgery were included. After anesthesia induction, a volumetric PAC was placed via the right internal jugular vein. Data were recorded at： anesthesia steady-state before skin incision （T1）; 5 minutes after the stabilizer device was placed for anastomosis on the heart＇s anterior wall （T2）, lateral wall （T3）, posterior wall （T4）, respectively; after sternal closure （T5）. Three sets of data were collected at each time point： first, hemodynamic variables were measured; second, right ventricular EEs and EED were calculated; third, right ventricular pressure-volume loops were constructed with pressure and volume data measured from end-diastole point, end-isovolumic systole point, peak-ejection point, end-systole point and end-isovolumic diastole point. Results Right ventricular pressure-volume loops generally shifted to the left during OPCAB surgery. Especially, the end-diastolic point shifted upward and to the left at T2--T5 compared with that at T1. Decrease in right ventricular ejection fraction, stroke volume index and end-diastolic volume index occurred （P 〈0.05） at T4 compared with values at TI. Pulmonary vascular resistance index at T4 increased relatively compared with that at T2 and T3. The change of EEs was not statistically significant during operation. Right atrial pressure increased only during coronary anastomoses （T2-- T4, P 〈0.05）, whereas EED increased throughout OPCAB surgery （P 〈0.05）. Conclusions Right ventricular pressure-volume loops can be constructed using a volumetric PAC. Right ventricular systolic dysfunction occurred during anastomoses on the heart＇s posterior wall not due to impaired myocardial contractility but as a result of reduced preload and a relative increase in afterload. Right ventricular diastolic function was impaired throughout OPCAB surgery.展开更多
In the last issue,two case reports separately present examples of the extremely rare and complex congenital heart diseases that show concordant atrioventricular connections to the L-looped ventricles in the presence o...In the last issue,two case reports separately present examples of the extremely rare and complex congenital heart diseases that show concordant atrioventricular connections to the L-looped ventricles in the presence of situs solitus.Both cases highlight that the relationship between the two ventricles within the ventricular mass is not always harmonious with the given atrioventricular connection.Such disharmony between the connections and relationships requires careful assessment of the three basic facets of cardiac building blocks,namely their morphology,the relationship of their component parts,and their connections with the adjacent segments.3D imaging and printing can now facilitate an otherwise difficult diagnosis in such complex situations.Rotation of either the 3D images or the models permit accurate assessment of the ventricular topologic pattern by creating the right ventricular en-face septal view,thus facilitating placement of the observer’s hands.As we now emphasize,an alternative approach,which might prove more attractive to imagers,is to rotate the ventricular mass to provide the ventricular apical view,thus permitting determination of the ventricular relationship without using the hands.展开更多
目的探讨左室压力-应变环(LV-PSL)技术评估急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死(STEMI)患者经皮冠状动脉介入(PCI)术后左心功能及左室重构的临床价值。方法选取我院收治的90例STEMI患者(观察组)和同期体检的健康成人90例(对照组),比较对照组和观察...目的探讨左室压力-应变环(LV-PSL)技术评估急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死(STEMI)患者经皮冠状动脉介入(PCI)术后左心功能及左室重构的临床价值。方法选取我院收治的90例STEMI患者(观察组)和同期体检的健康成人90例(对照组),比较对照组和观察组术前及术后3 d常规超声心动图指标、左室整体纵向应变(GLS),以及左室心肌做功指标,包括整体有效功(GCW)、整体做功效率(GWE)、整体做功指数(GWI)、整体有效做功(GCW)的差异。进一步将STEMI患者分为单支冠状动脉狭窄组61例与多支冠状动脉狭窄组29例,比较两组上述指标的差异。应用Spearman相关分析法分析左室心肌做功指标与常规超声心动图指标、GLS的相关性。结果观察组术前及术后3 d左室收缩末期容积(LVESV)、左室舒张末期容积(LVEDV)、GWW均高于对照组,左室射血分数(LVEF)、GLS、GWE、GWI、GCW均低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。观察组术后3 d LVEDV、LVESV、GWW均低于术前,LVEF、GLS、GWE、GCW、GWI均高于术前,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。多支冠状动脉狭窄组术前及术后3 d LVEDV、LVESV、GWW均高于单支冠状动脉狭窄组,LVEF、GLS、GWE、GWI、GCW均低于单支冠状动脉狭窄组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。相关性分析显示,GWW与GLS、LVEF均呈负相关,GWE、GCW、GWI与GLS、LVEF均呈正相关(均P<0.001)。结论LV-PSL技术在评估STEMI患者PCI术后左心功能及左室重构中具有较好的临床应用价值。展开更多
文摘The ultrasound pressure-strain loop (PSL) technique is a non-invasive method of examining myocardial work, which takes into account the effect of cardiac afterload on deformation and combines the overall longitudinal strain force of the left ventricle with the changes in the left ventricular pressure, allowing earlier detection of possible subclinical cardiac damage in patients, and a more accurate and non-invasive assessment of the patient’s myocardial work performance. In this article, we will discuss the progress of PSL applications in cardiovascular diseases.
文摘Objective: Ischemic conditioning (IC) limits myocyte necrosis after acute myocardial ischemia-reperfusion;however, controversy persists regarding its potential to attenuate LV contractile dysfunction. Pressure-volume (P-V) loop analysis, via the load-insensitive conductance catheter method, was used to evaluate LV contractility, diastolic function, and ventriculo-arterial coupling. The goal of this study was to evaluate the ability of IC to improve post-ischemic recovery of LV contractile function. Methods: Twelve anesthetized dogs were randomly distributed to either the IC or the non-IC group;all dogs were subject to 60-min acute coronary occlusion followed by 180-min reperfusion. IC consisted of 4 repeated cycles of 5-min occlusion and 5-min reperfusion of the left main coronary artery. LV P-V relations were constructed under steady-state conditions (by inferior vena cava occlusion) at the beginning and end of the experiments;P-V loops were acquired at different time points before and during ischemia-reperfusion. Results: During ischemia and reperfusion, dP/dt<sub>max</sub> decreased significantly compared to baseline in both groups;dP/dt<sub>min</sub>, an indicator of the rate of LV relaxation rate was not affected for either group. Significant changes in several parameters of LV function including LVEF, SW, tPFR, ESV, and EDV caused by ischemia were also identified;none of these negative effects were resorbed, even in part, during reperfusion. Conclusions: Diminished LV contractile efficiency during systole and diastole produced by ischemia-reperfusion did not improve with IC pre-treatment despite significant endogenous protection against tissue necrosis.
文摘目的:探讨左室压力-应变环技术对ST段抬高型心肌梗死(STEMI)患者直接经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)术后早期左室重构(LVR)的预测价值。方法:收集2021年10月—2022年7月佛山市第一人民医院心血管重症监护室行直接PCI术的102例STEMI患者,根据术后3个月左室收缩末期容积(LVESV)是否增大≥15%分为重构组(n=42)与非重构组(n=60)。收集患者的一般资料,术后48h、术后1个月、术后3个月对患者进行常规二维超声心动图检查(2D-TTE)、左室纵向应变(LVGLS)及心肌做功参数检查,心肌做功参数包括整体做功指数(GWI)、整体有用功(GCW)、整体无用功(GWW)、整体做功效率(GWE),比较两组间以上参数的差异。结果:两组术后48h各参数比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),术后1个月、术后3个月重构组的左室舒张末期内径(LVEDD)、左室舒张末期容积(LVEDV)、LVESV高于非重构组,左室射血分数(LVEF)低于非重构组,术后3个月重构组的左房内径高于非重构组,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05),余参数差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术后48h,术后1个月、术后3个月重构组LVGLS、GWE、GWI、GCW低于非重构组,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05),GWW高于非重构组,但仅术后1个月的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,术后48 h GWI≤1307 mmHg%及术后1个月GWE≤88%是行直接PCI术后的STEMI患者出现LVR的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论:术后48h GWI≤1307mmHg%和术后1个月GWE≤88%是STEMI患者行直接PCI术后早期出现LVR的独立危险因素。
文摘Background Right ventricular function plays an important role in the hemodynamic derangement during off-pump coronary artery bypass （OPCAB） surgery. Pressure-volume loops have been shown to provide load-independent information of cardiac function. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility of construction of right ventricular pressure-volume loops with pressure and volume data measured by a volumetric pulmonary artery catheter （PAC） and to evaluate right ventricular systolic and diastolic function by end-systolic elastance （EEs） and end-diastolic stiffness （EED） in OPCAB surgery. Methods Twenty-eight patients who underwent OPCAB surgery were included. After anesthesia induction, a volumetric PAC was placed via the right internal jugular vein. Data were recorded at： anesthesia steady-state before skin incision （T1）; 5 minutes after the stabilizer device was placed for anastomosis on the heart＇s anterior wall （T2）, lateral wall （T3）, posterior wall （T4）, respectively; after sternal closure （T5）. Three sets of data were collected at each time point： first, hemodynamic variables were measured; second, right ventricular EEs and EED were calculated; third, right ventricular pressure-volume loops were constructed with pressure and volume data measured from end-diastole point, end-isovolumic systole point, peak-ejection point, end-systole point and end-isovolumic diastole point. Results Right ventricular pressure-volume loops generally shifted to the left during OPCAB surgery. Especially, the end-diastolic point shifted upward and to the left at T2--T5 compared with that at T1. Decrease in right ventricular ejection fraction, stroke volume index and end-diastolic volume index occurred （P 〈0.05） at T4 compared with values at TI. Pulmonary vascular resistance index at T4 increased relatively compared with that at T2 and T3. The change of EEs was not statistically significant during operation. Right atrial pressure increased only during coronary anastomoses （T2-- T4, P 〈0.05）, whereas EED increased throughout OPCAB surgery （P 〈0.05）. Conclusions Right ventricular pressure-volume loops can be constructed using a volumetric PAC. Right ventricular systolic dysfunction occurred during anastomoses on the heart＇s posterior wall not due to impaired myocardial contractility but as a result of reduced preload and a relative increase in afterload. Right ventricular diastolic function was impaired throughout OPCAB surgery.
文摘In the last issue,two case reports separately present examples of the extremely rare and complex congenital heart diseases that show concordant atrioventricular connections to the L-looped ventricles in the presence of situs solitus.Both cases highlight that the relationship between the two ventricles within the ventricular mass is not always harmonious with the given atrioventricular connection.Such disharmony between the connections and relationships requires careful assessment of the three basic facets of cardiac building blocks,namely their morphology,the relationship of their component parts,and their connections with the adjacent segments.3D imaging and printing can now facilitate an otherwise difficult diagnosis in such complex situations.Rotation of either the 3D images or the models permit accurate assessment of the ventricular topologic pattern by creating the right ventricular en-face septal view,thus facilitating placement of the observer’s hands.As we now emphasize,an alternative approach,which might prove more attractive to imagers,is to rotate the ventricular mass to provide the ventricular apical view,thus permitting determination of the ventricular relationship without using the hands.
文摘目的探讨左室压力-应变环(LV-PSL)技术评估急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死(STEMI)患者经皮冠状动脉介入(PCI)术后左心功能及左室重构的临床价值。方法选取我院收治的90例STEMI患者(观察组)和同期体检的健康成人90例(对照组),比较对照组和观察组术前及术后3 d常规超声心动图指标、左室整体纵向应变(GLS),以及左室心肌做功指标,包括整体有效功(GCW)、整体做功效率(GWE)、整体做功指数(GWI)、整体有效做功(GCW)的差异。进一步将STEMI患者分为单支冠状动脉狭窄组61例与多支冠状动脉狭窄组29例,比较两组上述指标的差异。应用Spearman相关分析法分析左室心肌做功指标与常规超声心动图指标、GLS的相关性。结果观察组术前及术后3 d左室收缩末期容积(LVESV)、左室舒张末期容积(LVEDV)、GWW均高于对照组,左室射血分数(LVEF)、GLS、GWE、GWI、GCW均低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。观察组术后3 d LVEDV、LVESV、GWW均低于术前,LVEF、GLS、GWE、GCW、GWI均高于术前,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。多支冠状动脉狭窄组术前及术后3 d LVEDV、LVESV、GWW均高于单支冠状动脉狭窄组,LVEF、GLS、GWE、GWI、GCW均低于单支冠状动脉狭窄组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。相关性分析显示,GWW与GLS、LVEF均呈负相关,GWE、GCW、GWI与GLS、LVEF均呈正相关(均P<0.001)。结论LV-PSL技术在评估STEMI患者PCI术后左心功能及左室重构中具有较好的临床应用价值。
