Epiploic appendages can become ischemic and infarcted, which can present acute abdominal pain that mimics other diseases, such as diverticulitis or appendicitis. Particularly, inflammation of an epiploic appendage att...Epiploic appendages can become ischemic and infarcted, which can present acute abdominal pain that mimics other diseases, such as diverticulitis or appendicitis. Particularly, inflammation of an epiploic appendage attached to the vermiform appendix is a very rare cause of acute abdominal pain, and it is difficult to diagnose this condition preoperatively. We present a case of epiploic appendagitis of the vermiform appendix that was identified with a typical radiologic image and was pathologically confirmed. In addition, we review the literature of similar cases and analyze the clinical and radiologic features of EA of the vermiform appendix.展开更多
Goblet cell carcinoid is an uncommon primary tumor of the vermiform appendix, characterized by dual endocrine and glandular differentiation. Whether goblet cell carcinoid represents a morphological variant of appendic...Goblet cell carcinoid is an uncommon primary tumor of the vermiform appendix, characterized by dual endocrine and glandular differentiation. Whether goblet cell carcinoid represents a morphological variant of appendiceal classical carcinoid or a mucin-producing adenocarcinoma is a matter of conjecture. Rare cases of goblet cell carcinoid with other concomitant appendiceal epithelial neoplasms have been documented. In this report, we describe a rare case of combined appendiceal goblet cell carcinoid and mucinous cystadenoma, and discuss the possible histopathogenesis of this combination.展开更多
The Early Cambrian Chengjiang Biota of China has preserved many species of vermiform animals in exquisite detail,which provide a unique window into the origin and early evolution of different vermiform phyla.This arti...The Early Cambrian Chengjiang Biota of China has preserved many species of vermiform animals in exquisite detail,which provide a unique window into the origin and early evolution of different vermiform phyla.This article reviews and discusses the forty-five Chengjiang vermiform animals discovered so far,and specifically comments on the phylogeny,modes of life,evolutionary significance as well as existing debates concerning the Chengjiang priapulid and lobopodian phyla.This article analyzes existing problems with Chengjiang vermiform morphological research and highlights various factors that affect the final preserved fossil morphology,including taphonomy and shape change caused by vermiform movement,as well as proposing that Anningvermis multispinosa and Corynetis brevis are synonymous.Chengjiang vermiform animals displayed a great diversity of morphologies and ecological roles,which is significant for understanding the origin and evolution of early metazoans;the potential for future research is enormous but needs to be broadened by interdisciplinary work involving taphonomy,geochemistry,cladistics,and genetics.展开更多
Advances in understanding the interaction between the human immune system and the microbiome have led to an improved understanding of the function of the vermiform appendix as a safe-house for beneficial bacteria in t...Advances in understanding the interaction between the human immune system and the microbiome have led to an improved understanding of the function of the vermiform appendix as a safe-house for beneficial bacteria in the colon.These advances have been made despite long standing clinical observations that the appendectomy is a safe and effective procedure.However,more recent clinical data show that an appendectomy puts patients at increased risk for recurrent Clostridium difficile(C.difficile)-associated colitis,and probably other diseases associated with an altered microbiome.At the same time,appendectomy does not apparently put patients at risk for an initial onset of C.difficile-associated colitis.These clinical observations point toward the idea that the vermiform appendix might not effectively protect the microbiome in the face of broad spectrum antibiotics,the use of which precedes the initial onset of C.difficile-associated colitis.Further,these observations point to the idea that historically important threats to the microbiome such as infectious gastrointestinal pathogens have been supplanted by other threats,particularly the use of broad spectrum antibiotics.展开更多
Background： Human Cytomegalovirus（HCMV） infections can be found throughout the body, especially in epithelial tissue. Animal model was established by inoculation of HCMV（strain AD-169） or coinoculation with Hepat...Background： Human Cytomegalovirus（HCMV） infections can be found throughout the body, especially in epithelial tissue. Animal model was established by inoculation of HCMV（strain AD-169） or coinoculation with Hepatitis E virus（HEV） into the ligated sacculus rotundus and vermiform appendix in living rabbits. The specimens were collected from animals sacrificed 1 and a half hours after infection.Results： The virus was found to be capable of reproducing in these specimens through RT-PCR and Western-blot.Severe inflammation damage was found in HCMV-infected tissue. The viral protein could be detected in high amounts in the mucosal epithelium and lamina propria by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescense.Moreover, there are strong positive signals in lymphocytes, macrophages, and lymphoid follicles. Quantitative statistics indicate that lymphocytes among epithlium cells increased significantly in viral infection groups.Conclusions： The results showed that HCMV or HEV ＋ HCMV can efficiently infect in rabbits by vivo ligated intestine loop inoculation. The present study successfully developed an infective model in vivo rabbit ligated intestinal Loop for HCMV pathogenesis study. This rabbit model can be helpful for understanding modulation of the gut immune system with HCMV infection.展开更多
文摘Epiploic appendages can become ischemic and infarcted, which can present acute abdominal pain that mimics other diseases, such as diverticulitis or appendicitis. Particularly, inflammation of an epiploic appendage attached to the vermiform appendix is a very rare cause of acute abdominal pain, and it is difficult to diagnose this condition preoperatively. We present a case of epiploic appendagitis of the vermiform appendix that was identified with a typical radiologic image and was pathologically confirmed. In addition, we review the literature of similar cases and analyze the clinical and radiologic features of EA of the vermiform appendix.
文摘Goblet cell carcinoid is an uncommon primary tumor of the vermiform appendix, characterized by dual endocrine and glandular differentiation. Whether goblet cell carcinoid represents a morphological variant of appendiceal classical carcinoid or a mucin-producing adenocarcinoma is a matter of conjecture. Rare cases of goblet cell carcinoid with other concomitant appendiceal epithelial neoplasms have been documented. In this report, we describe a rare case of combined appendiceal goblet cell carcinoid and mucinous cystadenoma, and discuss the possible histopathogenesis of this combination.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 40730211)National Basic Research Programme of China (Grant No. 206CB806400)Natural Science Foundation of Department of Science and Technology of Yunnan Province (Grant No. 2005D002Z)
文摘The Early Cambrian Chengjiang Biota of China has preserved many species of vermiform animals in exquisite detail,which provide a unique window into the origin and early evolution of different vermiform phyla.This article reviews and discusses the forty-five Chengjiang vermiform animals discovered so far,and specifically comments on the phylogeny,modes of life,evolutionary significance as well as existing debates concerning the Chengjiang priapulid and lobopodian phyla.This article analyzes existing problems with Chengjiang vermiform morphological research and highlights various factors that affect the final preserved fossil morphology,including taphonomy and shape change caused by vermiform movement,as well as proposing that Anningvermis multispinosa and Corynetis brevis are synonymous.Chengjiang vermiform animals displayed a great diversity of morphologies and ecological roles,which is significant for understanding the origin and evolution of early metazoans;the potential for future research is enormous but needs to be broadened by interdisciplinary work involving taphonomy,geochemistry,cladistics,and genetics.
文摘Advances in understanding the interaction between the human immune system and the microbiome have led to an improved understanding of the function of the vermiform appendix as a safe-house for beneficial bacteria in the colon.These advances have been made despite long standing clinical observations that the appendectomy is a safe and effective procedure.However,more recent clinical data show that an appendectomy puts patients at increased risk for recurrent Clostridium difficile(C.difficile)-associated colitis,and probably other diseases associated with an altered microbiome.At the same time,appendectomy does not apparently put patients at risk for an initial onset of C.difficile-associated colitis.These clinical observations point toward the idea that the vermiform appendix might not effectively protect the microbiome in the face of broad spectrum antibiotics,the use of which precedes the initial onset of C.difficile-associated colitis.Further,these observations point to the idea that historically important threats to the microbiome such as infectious gastrointestinal pathogens have been supplanted by other threats,particularly the use of broad spectrum antibiotics.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31272515,31472165,31330076)
文摘Background： Human Cytomegalovirus（HCMV） infections can be found throughout the body, especially in epithelial tissue. Animal model was established by inoculation of HCMV（strain AD-169） or coinoculation with Hepatitis E virus（HEV） into the ligated sacculus rotundus and vermiform appendix in living rabbits. The specimens were collected from animals sacrificed 1 and a half hours after infection.Results： The virus was found to be capable of reproducing in these specimens through RT-PCR and Western-blot.Severe inflammation damage was found in HCMV-infected tissue. The viral protein could be detected in high amounts in the mucosal epithelium and lamina propria by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescense.Moreover, there are strong positive signals in lymphocytes, macrophages, and lymphoid follicles. Quantitative statistics indicate that lymphocytes among epithlium cells increased significantly in viral infection groups.Conclusions： The results showed that HCMV or HEV ＋ HCMV can efficiently infect in rabbits by vivo ligated intestine loop inoculation. The present study successfully developed an infective model in vivo rabbit ligated intestinal Loop for HCMV pathogenesis study. This rabbit model can be helpful for understanding modulation of the gut immune system with HCMV infection.
