Application of TBA to Teaching English Vocabularies in Colleges

"Vocabulary is of enormous importance in communication", however, in the context of college English teaching in China, although a lot of time and energy is spent on learning and teaching vocabulary, the situation is far from being satisfactory. A scientific and effective way of vocabulary teaching and learning is strongly desired. This paper explores a comparatively new approach--Task Based Approach (TBA) and its application to teaching English vocabularies in colleges. The emphasis of TBA is on learning by doing, which gets learners to do things or complete tasks by using English.The application of TBA to college English vocabulary teaching (CEVT) in this paper is an attempt that hopes to provide some practical reference value for the reform of college English Teaching (CET).

Provenance Description of Metadata Vocabularies for the Long-term Maintenance of Metadata

Purpose： The purpose of this paper is to discuss provenance description of metadata terms and metadata vocabularies as a set of metadata terms. Provenance is crucial information to keep track of changes of metadata terms and metadata vocabularies for their consistent maintenance. Design/methodology/approach： The W3C PROV standard for general provenance description and Resource Description Framework（RDF） are adopted as the base models to formally define provenance description for metadata vocabularies.Findings： This paper defines a few primitive change types of metadata terms, and a provenance description model of the metadata terms based on the primitive change types. We also provide examples of provenance description in RDF graphs to show the proposed model.Research limitations： The model proposed in this paper is defined based on a few primitive relationships（e.g. addition, deletion, and replacement） between pre-version and post-version of a metadata term. The model is simplified and the practical changes of metadata terms can be more complicated than the primitive relationships discussed in the model. Practical implications： Formal provenance description of metadata vocabularies can improve maintainability of metadata vocabularies over time. Conventional maintenance of metadata terms is the maintenance of documents of terms. The proposed model enables effective and automated tracking of change history of metadata vocabularies using simple formal description scheme defined based on widely-used standards.Originality/value： Changes in metadata vocabularies may cause inconsistencies in the longterm use of metadata. This paper proposes a simple and formal scheme of provenance description of metadata vocabularies. The proposed model works as the basis of automated maintenance of metadata terms and their vocabularies and is applicable to various types of changes.

The Influence of Vocabularies from Hong Kong and Taiwan on Putonghua

Language is an essential part of culture and life, while vocabulary is the most active component of language and a sensitive element that reflects the societal change. With the economic reforms being deepened in China, there exist interactions and exchanges in trade and culture across China's Mainland, Hong Kong SAR and Taiwan. Particular vocabularies used in Hong Kong and Taiwan have a considerable influence on Putonghua along with the wide distribution and circulation of books, newspapers and magazines, films and televisions from Hong Kong and Taiwan. In addition, some of the vocabularies have been accepted as written language.

Research on Vocabularies of Business Interpretation

With increasingly international business activities, business English has already become main language tool of communication. Many new business English vocabularies emerge. If interpreters want to assume business interpretation work successfully,he or she has to learn the meaning of these words and their features in business field. This essay will do some research around vocabularies of business interpretation from the characteristics of these words/phrases such as more abbreviations, professional terminology, polysemy and so on.

象似性手势和指示性手势对自闭症儿童动作相关词汇学习的影响

本研究考察了自闭症儿童在象似性手势、指示性手势和无手势条件下的动作相关词汇的学习情况。选取三组语言水平匹配的高功能自闭症儿童,分别在象似性手势、指示性手势和无手势条件下进行动作相关词汇的学习。在第一次学习结束(T1)和最后一次学习结束2~3天后(T2)分别进行词汇理解和词汇命名测试。结果发现:(1)与其他手势类型相比,象似性手势对自闭症儿童的词汇理解有明显的促进作用;(2)无论哪个组别,学习次数的增加均有助于词汇学习成绩的提高;(3)对词汇命名,所有组别在短期学习条件下的表现都较差,但随着学习次数的增加,象似性手势对词汇命名的促进作用逐渐凸显。研究表明,象似性手势对自闭症儿童动作相关词汇的学习有一定的促进作用;命名任务下象似性手势的促进作用受到学习次数的调节,当学习次数足够多时,象似性手势的优势才得以体现;指示性手势对自闭症儿童动作相关词汇的学习并未表现出促进作用。

The Effect of Vocabularies on English Majors’ Reading Comprehension ——Taking Sichuan Technology and Business University as an Example

In the process of developing English reading ability,vocabulary is one of the basic English abilities.In the School of Foreign Languages,Sichuan Technology and Business University,because of the guidance and supervision of their teachers,in the first or the second year of their college,many students have shown great enthusiasm towards English learning,and taken initiative in reciting TEM-4 vocabularies,which in turn,leads to the passing of TEM-4.Nonetheless,after entering the second semester of junior year,their English learning becomes more flexible,and they would like to spend more time in their internships or part-time jobs.When TEM-8 is in the offing,some seniors even would choose to take the examination without preparation.In view of this,seniors in the School of Foreign Languages are chosen as the subjects to explore the effects of vocabulary size on English major seniors’reading comprehension and provide reference for them.In this study,subjects are the seniors of class 1,2016 English major who have passed TEM-4,and the quantitative research method is adopted.All the subjects involved in this study need to take two tests.One is the vocabulary size test,in which the vocabulary size testing software(embedded in BaiCiZhan v7.0.2)is used to test the quantity of subjects’recognition vocabulary.And the other is TEM-8 reading comprehension test,which is used to test the students’reading proficiency.In addition,some subjects are selected as the interviewees to know their feelings about the tests.After the tests,SPSS 20.0 will be used to make a linear regression analysis on the subjects’vocabulary size and the their reading performance.The finding is concluded as follows:On the premise that subjects’vocabulary size reaches the requirement of TEM-4,there is still a significant correlation between students’vocabulary size and their reading performance.

新颖词语义韵的发生机制:“双枣树”效应的证据

以中文母语者为被试开展词汇学习实验,既操控新颖词出现的语境情感(积极、消极、中性),又操控语境的变异性(重复、变化),检验语境情感是否可通过阅读接触,从语境迁移到新颖词以及这种迁移是否影响新颖词习得的效果,从而探索新颖词语义韵的发生机制。196名被试参加了实验,他们在不同的语境情感和语境的变异性条件下一共阅读了45个篇章,然后对9个新颖词进行情感效价评分并参加了三种不同的词汇知识测试。结果显示,只有在重复阅读相同材料的条件下,语境的情感才顺利地迁移到新颖词,表现出明显的“双枣树”效应,而与此相反的是,只有在变化语境下,语境情感才对新颖词词形及词义的学习具有显著的预测作用,在越积极的情感语境里,词形和词义的习得效果也越好。“双枣树”效应有效地解释了新颖词语义韵的发生机制,也为新词学习提供了重要启示。

一种多视角新闻信息快速检索方法

信息检索一直是数据挖掘研究的重要领域,也是情报搜集的重要手段。如果采用人工手动搜索方式在数据库中检索信息,检索效率较低。为此,以新闻信息搜集为应用背景,以提高信息检索效率为目的,提出了一种多视角新闻信息快速检索方法。该方法以用户需要检索的多视角新闻描述信息为检索依据,利用关键词权重分割法处理多视角新闻描述信息来构建词汇向量,以词汇向量在新闻信息库中的检索结果为依据来构建词汇检索向量,以向量相似度计算模型为信息筛选规则,在新闻信息库中快速检索并筛选出用户需要搜集的新闻信息。文中给出了所提方法的设计模型、涉及的关键技术实现策略、数据处理流程以及实验对比分析。实验结果表明,该方法能够根据用户指定的多视角新闻描述信息,在新闻信息库中快速高效地检索并筛选出符合用户需求的新闻文章信息。

多模态话语分析理论下大学日语词汇教学研究

随着信息技术的发展,基于系统功能语言学的多模态话语分析理论得到广泛应用。近年来,国内众多学者将该理论与外语教学相结合开展多方面的研究。该文从多模态话语分析理论着手,归纳大学日语词汇在教学中存在的问题,分析该理论应用到教学中的意义,同时详细阐述该理论在教学中的具体实践方法,最终提出该理论给日语教学带来的启示。

基于续论的二语词汇习得研究述评

基于续论的续写任务为外语教学提供了新思路,续写任务对二语词汇的促学效果也已经得到了大量实证研究的验证。本文对现有的基于续论的二语词汇习得研究进行了回顾与探讨,首先讨论了续写促学词汇的理论依据,然后分析现有研究在任务类型、研究范式及影响促学效果的因素等方面的特点。研究发现:(1)基于续论的二语词汇习得研究采用的续写任务类型较为单一,缺少多轮续写、交叉续写等形式的应用,尚未完全发挥出续写任务的促学潜力;(2)现有研究往往仅从词汇知识深度或质量的角度测量词汇知识,忽略了词汇流利度的作用;(3)现有研究主要考察了互动强度和外语水平等因素对续写任务促学效果的影响,对学习者认知与情感因素的关注不足。在此基础上,本文分析了基于续论的二语词汇习得研究的发展方向及趋势,以期为续论在外语教学中的应用研究提供一定的参考。

词汇推理策略训练对英语词汇习得的影响研究

词汇推理是学习者获取词汇词义的一种认知加工过程。本文主要研究词汇推理策略训练对接受性词汇和产出性词汇习得的影响。结果表明,词汇推理策略训练对接受性词汇和产出性词汇的习得均有积极影响,经过语义认知加工的产出性词汇习得效果更好。

词源学视角下的大学英语词汇记忆模式探究

词汇是构成语言的最小单位,语言学习以词汇学习为根本。英语作为印欧语系的一个语支,其演变过程深受西方历史文化的影响,不仅词汇来源广泛且具有显著的构词特征。纵观英语学习历程,词汇的记忆和数量的掌握是学习者所面临的重要挑战之一,严重影响到学习者的英语习得效果。本文旨在从词源学视角解读英语词汇的历史及其背后所隐藏的文化典故,深入了解词汇来源和构词规则,扩展学生对西方历史文化知识的了解,探究英语词汇的记忆策略和技巧,以帮助学生打破词汇学习的瓶颈,拓展词汇掌握的广度和深度,提高词汇习得的趣味性和效率性。

融水黑魁壮语音系及词汇

本文描写了广西融水苗族自治县白云乡瑶口村黑魁屯壮语音系,并记录了其词汇。

语言符号与知觉符号表征对外语词汇习得的影响比较:来自行为与脑电的实验证据

通过行为与脑电实验技术,比较外语词汇学习过程中,语言符号与知觉符号表征对词汇记忆编码与再认的影响过程,从而考察语义表征对词汇习得的影响机制。行为结果表明,语言符号与知觉符号表征条件下被试对词汇学习效果的主观判断无显著差异,但后者比前者有更高的词汇再认正确率。脑电结果表明,对于词汇编码阶段,相较语言符号表征,知觉符号表征在编码晚期诱发更正的LPC成分;对于词汇再认阶段,知觉符号表征条件诱发更大N400成分,且脑电时频分析表明该条件下出现更为明显的μ波抑制及θ波功率增强现象。研究结果综合表明,与语言符号表征便捷但非模态化的语义加工相比,知觉符号表征加深了词汇晚期编码的深度,并通过知觉模拟,利用多模态信息提高了词汇的形象化再认,从而推动了再认阶段的语义检索,最终内隐性地提高了词汇学习效果。

汉语修辞与词汇互动研究的回顾与前瞻

修辞与词汇互动研究由来已久,本文对该项研究进行回顾与展望。全文分为立足词汇的互动研究、立足修辞的互动研究、既有研究存在的不足和互动研究的后续推进等四个部分。文章认为,要将该项研究进一步推进,认识上须要明确修辞与词汇的互动是语言的一种本质存在,策略上须要打通古今从共时与历时的坐标中作动态的考察,理论上须要在继承既有研究的基础上不断完善与创新。

“中文+”背景下职业中文词汇特征的分析与教学——基于工程机械运用技术中文分级词表

专业词汇是职业中文教学的重点和难点,专业词汇系统的构成与规律,是提高职业中文教学质量的有效抓手。文章基于前期研制的工程机械运用技术中文分级词表,考察其中的词素类型、构词法以及词义结构组织。研究发现,在该词表中,单纯词素占有绝对数量优势,且构词能力比合成词素高;复合词有偏正、联合、动宾、补充和主谓等五种构词法,其中偏正式复合词的数量最多,并存在大量“修饰语+中心概念词”形式;主要存在同词素组、同义组、反义组、分割对象组、配伍搭配组等多种类型结构。以上发现,揭示了工程机械运用技术中文词汇的构成特点和聚合性规律,为职业中文专业词汇教学提供依据。

韶山韶前方言词汇初探

韶山韶前方言属于湘语娄邵片,在词汇方面极有特色,与普通话比较,其有相当一部分词语与普通话在词形、词义上存在着明显的差异。文章主要在普方古视角下,从共时与历时两个层次分析,挖掘韶前方言词汇与普通话形同实异、形异实同的特点,力图揭示普通话、韶前方言与古汉语三者之间的词汇概貌。

话题任务驱动下《国际中文教育中文水平等级标准》词表的主题化重构

以话题任务目标驱动词汇学习是一条值得探索的教学路径,而系统权威的主题框架和主题词表建设是这一教学模式得以高质量实现的基础性工作。本研究以《国际中文教育中文水平等级标准》为指导,通过对“话题任务内容”的梳理与整合,构建起一个覆盖面广、层次丰富,包含8个一级主题、41个二级主题和130个三级主题的主题框架。在此框架下对《等级标准》词表进行主题化重构,形成了有别于词频导向的主题聚类词表,并就主题词表在具体教学中的应用提出了三点建议,即话题的针对性选取、任务的多元化设计,以及词表的全过程介入。

山西晋语区新老派方言词汇分布范围的差异比较

文章以山西晋语区内9个地级市为调查点,对31类共1972个词条所对应的新老派方言词语在山西晋语区9个地级市方言的分布范围分别作了考察,从各个不同点共用词汇分布范围差异的情况来讨论新老派方言词汇的差异和变化。文章认为山西晋语区各地新派方言词汇在保留各自方言词语本土特征的基础上,都表现出逐渐趋于一致的发展态势,而这一趋势的最大动因,文章认为与普通话的强势影响有密切的关系。

造纸科技英语词汇教学的英语构词法运用

近年来,造纸行业进入了由高速发展阶段转向高质量发展的新经济时代。造纸科技英语专业学习日趋重要。与英语必修课程有所不同,造纸科技英语词汇量大,生僻词多,记忆困难,大部分学生在学习过程中比较吃力,难以准确理解文章意思。针对这一问题,着重分析了英语构词法的相关概念,提出造纸科技英语构词的几种方式,并探究了构词法在造纸科技英语词汇教学中的应用策略,以期为造纸科技英语教学提供借鉴。