Virtual design and performance prediction of a silencing air cleaner used in an I.C.engine intake system

This paper reports results of the authors’ studies on the virtual design method used in the development of low noise intake system of I.C. engine. The resulting high pass-by noise at level above the legislative target at full throttle when engine speed was around 5200 r/min necessitated a BEM-aided redesign task, following the typical process of design and development of an intake system. During the initial design, based on the acoustic theory and the requirements (1. The air flux of the redesigned should equal to or exceed the value of the original flux; 2. The filtering area must not be degraded), and considering the constraint of space in the engine compartment, total volume and rough internal dimensions were determined. During the detailed design, the exact internal dimensions of the air cleaner were determined, and an effective method was applied to improve the acoustic performance at low frequency. The predicted sound power of the intake system indicated that the objective of reducing the overall engine noise by minimizing intake system noise was achieved.

VIRTUAL DESIGN OF A NEW TYPE OF HYDRAULIC SUPPORT

Using virtual reality to design a new type of hydraulic support is discussed.That is how to make use of the virtual design to develop coal mining machine in practice. Theadvantages of virtual design are studied and the simple virtual reality system is built. The 3Dparts and elements of hydraulic support are modeled with parametric design in CAD software, thenexported to VR environment, in which the virtual hydraulic support is assembled, operated andtested. With the method, the errors and faults of design can be fined easily, many improvements aremade and the new hydraulic support is developed successfully.

EDUCATIONAL EFFECTIVENESS OF A VIRTUAL DESIGN STUDIO ON ZERO-ENERGY BUILDING DESIGNS:THE CASE OF THE U.S.SOLAR DECATHLON DESIGN CHALLENGE

Ongoing global architectural agendas span climate change,energy,a carbon-neutral society,human comfort,COVID-19,social justice,and sustainability.An architecture studio allows architecture students to learn how to solve complicated environmental issues through integrated thinking and a design process.The U.S.Department of Energy’s Solar Decathlon Design Challenge enables them to broaden their analytic perspectives on numerous subjects and strengthen their integrated thinking of environmental impacts,resilience,sustainability,and well-being.However,the unprecedented impact of the global COVID-19 pandemic transformed the physical studio-based design education system into an online-based learning environment.Mandatory social distancing by the global COVID-19 pandemic restricted interactive discussions and face-to-face collaborations for the integrated zero-energy building design process,which requires features of architecture,engineering,market analysis,durability and resilience,embodied environmental quality,integrated performance,occupant experience,comfort and environmental quality,energy performance,and presentation.This study emphasizes the educational effectiveness of virtual design studios as a part of the discourse on architectural pedagogy of zero-energy building(ZEB)design through integrated designs,technological theories,and analytic skills.The survey results of ten contests show educational achievement with over 90%of the highest positive tendency in the categories of embodied environmental quality and comfort and environmental quality,whereas the positive tendency of educational achievement in the categories of integrated performance,energy performance,and presentation were lower than 70%.The reason for the low percentage of simulation utilization and integrated performance was the lack of a proper understanding of and experience with ZEB simulations and evaluations for undergraduate students.Although VDS is not an ideal pedagogical system for the iterative design critique process,it can support the learning of the value of architectural education,including integrative design thinking,problem-solving skills,numerical simulation techniques,and communicable identities through online discussions and feedback during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Research on Visual Virtual Design Platform for NC Machine Tools

The fundamental ideas on building the collaborative design platform of virtual visualization for NC machine tools are introduced. The platform is based on the globally shared product model conforming to the STEP Standard,and used PDM system to integrate and encapsulate CAD/CAE and other application software for the product development. The platform also integrated the expert system of NC machine tools design,analysis and estimation. This expert system utilized fuzzy estimation principle to evaluate the design and simulation analysis results and make decisions. The platform provides the collaborative intelligent environment for the design of virtual NC machine tools prototype aiming at integrated product design team. It also supports the customized development of NC machine tools.

Virtual design and analysis with multi-dimension coupling for engineering machinery cooling system

A good cooling circle should ensure that the system can work at an appropriate temperature in the requirements of power increase,engine compartment constraint and working demands for modern engineering machinery,which asks for a thorough understanding of system thermal loads before practical production.However,traditional experiment method spends a long time,costs a huge resource but lacks efficiency,whereas virtual design can avoid the shortcomings of traditional method and can analyze operating states adequately with variable loads on engine,generator,drives,battery pack and HVAC systems.Therefore,this paper focuses on a new virtual design method based on multi-dimension coupled simulation adopting Flowmaster software for initial prediction and CFX tool for further optimization.The simulation results in different operating conditions are compared and validated with experiments.Orthogonal experiment and range analysis are used to explore key parameters of cooling system.The research will be helpful in guiding future design and optimization of engineering machinery.

Research on virtual dynamic optimization design for NC machine tools

Virtual dynamic optimization design can avoid the repeated process from de-sign to trial-manufacture and test.The designer can analyze and optimize the productstructures in virtual visualization environment.The design cycle is shortened and the costis reduced.The paper analyzed the peculiarity of virtual optimization design,and put for-wards the thought and flow to implement virtual optimization design.The example to opti-mize the internal grinder was studied via establishing precise finite element model,modi-fying the layout of Stiffened Plates and designing parameters of the worktable,and usingthe technology of modal frequency revision and the technology of multiple tuned damper.The result of optimization design compared the new grinder with the original grinder showsthat the entire machine's first orders natural frequency is enhanced by 17%,and the re-sponse displacement of the grinding-head has dropped by 28% under the first order natu-ral frequency and by 41% under second order natural frequency.Finally,the dynamic per-formance of the internal grinder was optimized.

Towards digital architecture,engineering,and construction(AEC)industry through virtual design and construction(VDC)and digital twin

The architecture,engineering,and construction(AEC)industry is undergoing a substantial change,and the tech-nological advancements are shaping the future of this industry.Over years,numerous tools have been developed based on building information modeling(BIM)and the Internet of Things(IoT)to manage a variety of tasks and activities within different construction and operational phases in the AEC industry.Recently,with the advent of novel internet-enabled technologies in providing the ability of real-time connectivity,researchers have started to develop virtual design and construction(VDC)and digital twin approaches to remotely monitor,control,and optimize different work progresses and activities in real-time at any work level in the AEC industry.This paper presents a reference model to illustrates the main advantages and applications of VDC and digital twin,and to demonstrate their trends and anticipated cost savings in the AEC industry at a global level.These technological advancements along with augmented reality(AR)and virtual reality(VR)can offer the unique benefit of real-time monitoring of the current status as well as predicting the future of any physical structure at any level of work.The global demand and usage of these technological advancements will lead to great cost savings in the AEC industry which would be US$950 million in design and construction and US$400 million in operation and maintenance phases in the non-residential AEC industry in 2025.This paper also discusses the future challenges of VDC and digital twin in the industry.As a main line of future research,these technologies can simultaneously be utilized with artificial intelligence to enable human-centered decision making to automate and optimize work progresses.Such integrations of VDC,digital twin,artificial intelligence,and human-centered approaches will shape the future of the AEC industry and provide numerous research opportunities in this domain.

Design of virtual machine tool programme technology

this paper overall programme research on virtual design technology of machine tools, not only established a virtual design environment, identify reasonable options in a relatively short period of time, but also providing the basis for quotation, therefore reflecting a favourable measures quickly to market demand.

Modular Fixture Assembly Model for Virtual Assembly Design

To support modular fixture assembly design in virtual environment,a multi-view based modular fixture virtual assembly model is proposed.Instead of squeezing all assembly related information into a single model,three complementary views of assembly model,element information,function and structure,and assembly relationship are proposed to be used.The first view contains the detailed element information,while the other two explicitly capture the hierarchical function relationships and mating relationships respectively.These views are complementary in the sense that each view only contains a specific aspect of assembly related information while together they include required assembly related information.The proposed assembly model is specialized to accommodate the features of modular fixture virtual assembly design and applied in our developed prototype system.

VIRTUAL FUEL-PUMP DESIGN

Some concepts of virtual product are discussed. The key technologies ofvirtual fuel-pump development are in detail analysed, which include virtual fuel-pump productmodeling, intelligent simulation, distributed design environment, and virtual assembly. The virtualfuel-pump development prototype system considers requirement analysis, concept design, injectionpreferment analysis, detailed design, and assembly analysis.

Today's Trend of Virtual Reality Apparel Designing System

In textile and apparel field,the CAD technology has been developed rapidly.The CAD system with the func-tions of pattern making,marking and grading has be-come substantial equipment for an apparel factory,But this apparel CAD system is only one graphic system con-centrating on the two-dimensional paper patterns,the three-dimensional apparel CAD system or virtual reali-ty apparel CAD is still not put into practical use.But it is one of the most interesting studying fields for

A VIRTUAL MESH METHOD FOR THE OPTIMIZED DESIGN OF COMPLEX STRUCTURES

Concepts for a virtual 3D space and a hyper-sphere are proposed and the formulae for determining the computable nodes of the mesh are derived.Then a new optimization design method('Virtual Mesh Method'or V.M.M)is developed.Three examples are given,showing that the method proposed is especially suitable for the optimized design of complex structures,and that the global approximate optimal solution can be searched with remarkably reduced computational work.

RESEARCH ON PRODUCT INNOVATION DESIGN IN VIRTUAL PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT

An integrated template of virtual product development alters primarilysequential tradition mode of product life cycle. The template integrates all processes of productdevelopment using digital modem. An environment of virtual product development provides productdevelopment environment of integration, communion, network, concurrent and collaboration. Combiningdevelopment of new rapier loom, an innovated design process is researched in virtual productdevelopment, which consists three portions: constructing an integration development environment,innovation design and manufacturing simulation. The innovated design process realizes reversedesign, mechanism concept design, structural design and analysis, performance analysis andmanufacturing process simulation of virtual product, which can enhance greatly product performanceand reduce cost and development cycle of new product.

Digital Design of Virtual Prototype based on Multidisciplinary Design Optimization

In order to obtain digital design of complex mechanical product as optimal as possible in an efficient way,multi- discipline integrated design method is proposed,which integrates multidisciplinary design optimization (MDO) into digital design process to design virtual prototype (VP) efficiently.Through combining MDO and multi-body system dynamics,MDO integra- tion platform,which takes VP as the core,is constructed.Then automated MDO design of VP is realized and changes of mechani- cal design project can be expressed intuitively during MDO design process.The proposed approach is also demonstrated by using inte- grated analyzing flow of vehicle engineering design.The result shows that the method not only can feasibly realize the MDO of VP, but also can solve the optimization problem of vehicle multi-body system dynamic performance.It can be adopted to the digital de- sign of other complex system.

Virtual Simulation Experiment Design under the Guidance of Emotional Design Theory

In recent years, virtual simulation experiments have been widely used in education. However, at present, academic research on virtual simulation experiments mostly focuses on key technologies, and there are few emotional studies on virtual experiments. Based on the three-layer model of emotional design theory, this paper puts forward the method strategy of emotional simulation design in virtual simulation experiment, in order to provide some reference value for the design of virtual simulation experiment.

Development of a 3D Conceptual Design Environment Using a Head Mounted Display Virtual Reality System

Engineering design is a resource intensive process with over half of a product’s total cost being attributed to design stage decisions. Developing product designs often involves creating complex 3D models in a 2D environment, a non-trivial task. This paper details a proof of concept VR environment displayed in a commodity HMD, specifically the HTC Vive. The environment allows a user to create full-scale, 3D, product geometry at the conceptual phase of the design process. The conceptual design environment contains a World-in-Miniature (WIM) model for enhanced usability. This method allows a user to efficiently manipulate full-scale geometry by adjusting the corresponding parts on a WIM model. Free-form mesh deformation was also implemented to provide designers with flexibility and efficiency not found in traditional design packages. Vital design metrics (e.g., cost, weight, and center of mass) were incorporated to allow a user to perform preliminary design analysis to assess product feasibility. Throughout the development process, the unique challenges and affordances associated with commodity HMDs were identified, explored, and discussed in this paper. Ultimately, the VR application discussed in this paper allows the user to easily create, assess, and view conceptual 3D designs without the constraints of traditional CAD software.

A Comparative Study of 3D Virtual Pattern and Traditional Pattern Making

Pattern making plays a key role in the aspect of fashion design and garment production, as it serves as the transformative process that turns a simple drawing into a consistent accumulation of garments. The process of creating conventional or manual patterns requires a significant amount of time and a specialized skill set in various areas such as grading, marker planning, and fabric utilization. This study examines the potential of 3D technology and virtual fashion designing software in optimizing the efficiency and cost-effectiveness of pattern production processes. The proposed methodology is characterized by a higher level of comprehensiveness and reliability, resulting in time efficiency and providing a diverse range of design options. The user is not expected to possess comprehensive knowledge of traditional pattern creation procedures prior to engaging in the task. The software offers a range of capabilities including draping, 3D-to-2D and 2D-to-3D unfolding, fabric drivability analysis, ease allowance calculation, add-fullness manipulation, style development, grading, and virtual garment try-on. The strategy will cause a shift in the viewpoints and methodologies of business professionals when it comes to the use of 3D fashion design software. Upon recognizing the potential time, financial, and resource-saving benefits associated with the integration of 3D technology into their design development process, individuals will be motivated to select for its utilization over conventional pattern making methods. Individuals will possess the capacity to transfer their cognitive processes and engage in introspection regarding their professional endeavors and current activities through the utilization of 3D virtual pattern-making and fashion design technologies. To enhance the efficacy and ecological sustainability of designs, designers have the potential to integrate 3D technology with virtual fashion software, thereby compliant advantages for both commercial enterprises and the environment.

虚拟研究开发中心(Virtual R&D)——基于网络的异地合作设计模式

研究了虚拟研究开发中心这种基于网络的异地合作设计模式。对虚拟研究开发中心建立的背景进行了分析 ,提出了一种体系结构 ,并对建立虚拟研究开发中心的可行性、对我国制造业的意义和目前要做的工作进行了讨论。

计算机辅助建筑设计(CAAD)的发展趋势——虚拟建筑(Virtual Building)设计将成为主流

通过对计算机辅助设计CAD和计算机辅助建筑设计CAAD技术发展历程的回顾,结合CAAD技术在建筑设计领域的应用现状,深入分析了“虚拟建筑”设计方法的原理和优势,论述了计算机辅助建筑设计(CAAD)的发展趋势。虚拟建筑(V irtual Build ing)模型是一个包含了建筑所有信息的综合数据库,这个数据库不仅可以用于建筑设计,还可以用于结构设计、设备管理、工程量统计、成本计算、物业管理等,可以在整个建筑业中发挥作用,管理建筑生命周期的全部信息。