为了实现对光学传感器在轨性能的连续监测,文章使用敦煌场地的自动化观测数据对"风云三号"卫星可见光红外扫描辐射计(Visible and Infrared Radiometer,VIRR)近三年的数据进行了连续定标跟踪,推算VIRR各通道的定标斜率,基于...为了实现对光学传感器在轨性能的连续监测,文章使用敦煌场地的自动化观测数据对"风云三号"卫星可见光红外扫描辐射计(Visible and Infrared Radiometer,VIRR)近三年的数据进行了连续定标跟踪,推算VIRR各通道的定标斜率,基于敦煌辐射校正场自动化观测的定标相较于传统现场试验定标方法具有明显提高定标频次优势。采用搭载于Aqua卫星的高精度的中分辨率成像光谱仪(Aqua Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer,Aqua MODIS)观测对自动观测定标方法进行精度验证,表明该方法在可见光近红外(Visible and Near Infrared,VNIR)具有3%的定标精度,在短波红外(Short Wave Infrared,SWIR)具有5%的定标精度。将该方法的结果与业务多场地方法的结果进行比较,在3年尺度上均值相对偏差整体低于2%。对VIRR的跟踪结果表明:基于场地自动化观测能够实现长期定标监测,可将该方法推广应用于其他卫星光学载荷以真正实现多载荷的场地自动化定标业务化。展开更多
We evaluated the sea surface temperature(SST)products derived from the visible infrared radiometer on board the Fengyun-3 satellites(FY-3/VIRR)during 2016-2018 from the perspective of climate applications.The data had...We evaluated the sea surface temperature(SST)products derived from the visible infrared radiometer on board the Fengyun-3 satellites(FY-3/VIRR)during 2016-2018 from the perspective of climate applications.The data had previously been reprocessed by the National Satellite Meteorological Center of China Meteorological Administration based on an updated SST retrieval algorithm.The overall consistency between the FY-3/VIRR SST data and the optimum interpolation SST version 2.1(OIv2.1)was better for monthly means than for pentad means,and showed a clear dependence on the season and location.There was better consistency in winter than in summer,and in the tropical central-eastern Pacific than in the western Pacific warm pool,tropical North Indian Ocean,and tropical Atlantic Ocean.The monthly deviation of the global average SST anomaly was-0.03±0.07℃ and the average root-meansquare errors(RMSEs)presented clear seasonal fluctuations with a maximum of approximately 0.5℃ in summer.The poor consistency of the FY-3/VIRR SST in summer may be partially attributed to the bias of the OIv2.1 data in global oceans(especially the Indian Ocean)as a result of the spatially heterogeneous in situ measurements from ships,buoys,and Argo floats.Convective activities and clouds in the tropics may also influence the accuracy of the FY-3/VIRR SST retrievals.The Nino SST indices based on both FY-3/VIRR and OIv2.1 SST data displayed a generally similar evolution,including the start and end of El Nino and La Nina events and their amplitudes,although the deviations were slightly larger when the Pacific SST anomaly was in the neutral state of the El Nino-Southern Oscillation(ENSO).The deviations varied greatly with season in the tropical Indian and Atlantic oceans,suggesting the need to perform further analyses and validation of the FY-3/VIRR SST products in these two basins.展开更多
The visible infrared radiometer(VIRR)is the first instrument with longest measurements equipped on the Fengyun(FY)polar-orbiting satellites.Through re-processing of the historic VIRR measurements,long-term(over 20 yr)...The visible infrared radiometer(VIRR)is the first instrument with longest measurements equipped on the Fengyun(FY)polar-orbiting satellites.Through re-processing of the historic VIRR measurements,long-term(over 20 yr)global data can be integrated from multiple participating VIRRs on a consistent radiometric scale,which are valuable to climate and climate change studies.Due to lack of an onboard calibration system for VIRR,the reflective solar bands must be vicariously calibrated.This study applied the multi-site vicarious approach for consistent calibration of the VIRR visible(VIS)and near-infrared(NIR)data,and produced calibration coefficients for five VIRRs on FY-1 C/D and FY-3 A/B/C.The data quality was then evaluated with observations.The reflectance predicted by using the radiative transfer model over multiple invariant desert and ocean targets was used to derive the calibration slope via a weighted fitting scheme,in which the weights are the inverse of the variance from a radiative transfer simulation evaluated with reference to Aqua moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer(MODIS).The sensor-specific calibration coefficients were derived on a daily basis by using piecewise polynomials.The calibration reference of the VIRR solar band record was further traced to the Aqua MODIS Collection 6.1 reference calibration with a systematic correction derived from the Libya4 desert.The VIRR record was compared with the Aqua MODIS C6.1 calibration over the polar region based on simultaneous nadir overpass observations.The lifetime relative difference for each sensor are within 3.3%and 4.5%for channels 1 and 2.Invariant deserts were also employed to evaluate the stability and consistency of the VIRR record.In general,the means of the directional and spectral corrected reflectance for each sensor are within 1%of the 20-yr average,implying that the VIRR reflectance of the invariant targets is consistent to within 1%among the sensors for channels 1 and 2.The VIRR data thus derived are reliable.展开更多
文摘为了实现对光学传感器在轨性能的连续监测,文章使用敦煌场地的自动化观测数据对"风云三号"卫星可见光红外扫描辐射计(Visible and Infrared Radiometer,VIRR)近三年的数据进行了连续定标跟踪,推算VIRR各通道的定标斜率,基于敦煌辐射校正场自动化观测的定标相较于传统现场试验定标方法具有明显提高定标频次优势。采用搭载于Aqua卫星的高精度的中分辨率成像光谱仪(Aqua Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer,Aqua MODIS)观测对自动观测定标方法进行精度验证,表明该方法在可见光近红外(Visible and Near Infrared,VNIR)具有3%的定标精度,在短波红外(Short Wave Infrared,SWIR)具有5%的定标精度。将该方法的结果与业务多场地方法的结果进行比较,在3年尺度上均值相对偏差整体低于2%。对VIRR的跟踪结果表明:基于场地自动化观测能够实现长期定标监测,可将该方法推广应用于其他卫星光学载荷以真正实现多载荷的场地自动化定标业务化。
基金Supported by the Guangdong Major Project of Basic and Applied Basic Research(2020B0301030004)National Key Reseach and Development Program of China(2018YFB0504905 and 2018YFB0504900)。
文摘We evaluated the sea surface temperature(SST)products derived from the visible infrared radiometer on board the Fengyun-3 satellites(FY-3/VIRR)during 2016-2018 from the perspective of climate applications.The data had previously been reprocessed by the National Satellite Meteorological Center of China Meteorological Administration based on an updated SST retrieval algorithm.The overall consistency between the FY-3/VIRR SST data and the optimum interpolation SST version 2.1(OIv2.1)was better for monthly means than for pentad means,and showed a clear dependence on the season and location.There was better consistency in winter than in summer,and in the tropical central-eastern Pacific than in the western Pacific warm pool,tropical North Indian Ocean,and tropical Atlantic Ocean.The monthly deviation of the global average SST anomaly was-0.03±0.07℃ and the average root-meansquare errors(RMSEs)presented clear seasonal fluctuations with a maximum of approximately 0.5℃ in summer.The poor consistency of the FY-3/VIRR SST in summer may be partially attributed to the bias of the OIv2.1 data in global oceans(especially the Indian Ocean)as a result of the spatially heterogeneous in situ measurements from ships,buoys,and Argo floats.Convective activities and clouds in the tropics may also influence the accuracy of the FY-3/VIRR SST retrievals.The Nino SST indices based on both FY-3/VIRR and OIv2.1 SST data displayed a generally similar evolution,including the start and end of El Nino and La Nina events and their amplitudes,although the deviations were slightly larger when the Pacific SST anomaly was in the neutral state of the El Nino-Southern Oscillation(ENSO).The deviations varied greatly with season in the tropical Indian and Atlantic oceans,suggesting the need to perform further analyses and validation of the FY-3/VIRR SST products in these two basins.
基金Supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFB0504905 and 2018YFB0504900)。
文摘The visible infrared radiometer(VIRR)is the first instrument with longest measurements equipped on the Fengyun(FY)polar-orbiting satellites.Through re-processing of the historic VIRR measurements,long-term(over 20 yr)global data can be integrated from multiple participating VIRRs on a consistent radiometric scale,which are valuable to climate and climate change studies.Due to lack of an onboard calibration system for VIRR,the reflective solar bands must be vicariously calibrated.This study applied the multi-site vicarious approach for consistent calibration of the VIRR visible(VIS)and near-infrared(NIR)data,and produced calibration coefficients for five VIRRs on FY-1 C/D and FY-3 A/B/C.The data quality was then evaluated with observations.The reflectance predicted by using the radiative transfer model over multiple invariant desert and ocean targets was used to derive the calibration slope via a weighted fitting scheme,in which the weights are the inverse of the variance from a radiative transfer simulation evaluated with reference to Aqua moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer(MODIS).The sensor-specific calibration coefficients were derived on a daily basis by using piecewise polynomials.The calibration reference of the VIRR solar band record was further traced to the Aqua MODIS Collection 6.1 reference calibration with a systematic correction derived from the Libya4 desert.The VIRR record was compared with the Aqua MODIS C6.1 calibration over the polar region based on simultaneous nadir overpass observations.The lifetime relative difference for each sensor are within 3.3%and 4.5%for channels 1 and 2.Invariant deserts were also employed to evaluate the stability and consistency of the VIRR record.In general,the means of the directional and spectral corrected reflectance for each sensor are within 1%of the 20-yr average,implying that the VIRR reflectance of the invariant targets is consistent to within 1%among the sensors for channels 1 and 2.The VIRR data thus derived are reliable.
