The menstrual cycle has been a topic of interest in relation to behavior and cognition for many years, with historical beliefs associating it with cognitive impairment. However, recent research has challenged these be...The menstrual cycle has been a topic of interest in relation to behavior and cognition for many years, with historical beliefs associating it with cognitive impairment. However, recent research has challenged these beliefs and suggested potential positive effects of the menstrual cycle on cognitive performance. Despite these emerging findings, there is still a lack of consensus regarding the impact of the menstrual cycle on cognition, particularly in domains such as spatial reasoning, visual memory, and numerical memory. Hence, this study aimed to explore the relationship between the menstrual cycle and cognitive performance in these specific domains. Previous studies have reported mixed findings, with some suggesting no significant association and others indicating potential differences across the menstrual cycle. To contribute to this body of knowledge, we explored the research question of whether the menstrual cycles have a significant effect on cognition, particularly in the domains of spatial reasoning, visual and numerical memory in a regionally diverse sample of menstruating females. A total of 30 menstruating females from mixed geographical backgrounds participated in the study, and a repeated measures design was used to assess their cognitive performance in two phases of the menstrual cycle: follicular and luteal. The results of the study revealed that while spatial reasoning was not significantly related to the menstrual cycle (p = 0.256), both visual and numerical memory had significant positive associations (p < 0.001) with the luteal phase. However, since the effect sizes were very small, the importance of this relationship might be commonly overestimated. Future studies could thus entail designs with larger sample sizes, including neuro-biological measures of menstrual stages, and consequently inform competent interventions and support systems.展开更多
This study investigated the effectiveness of spatial-visualization-based instruction on the mathematical problem-solving performance of 35 mathematics education students using one-group pretest-posttest quasi-experime...This study investigated the effectiveness of spatial-visualization-based instruction on the mathematical problem-solving performance of 35 mathematics education students using one-group pretest-posttest quasi-experimental design. It also aimed to describe how spatial visualization is applied in solving mathematical problems. The findings of the study revealed that spatial-visualization-based instruction improved the mathematical problem-solving performance of students. The spatial-visualization ability can be applied in solving mathematical problems.展开更多
Recent studies describe a number of difficulties associated with attention deficit in children with reading disabilities. Information about visual-spatial attention mainly arises from studies using event-related poten...Recent studies describe a number of difficulties associated with attention deficit in children with reading disabilities. Information about visual-spatial attention mainly arises from studies using event-related potentials (ERPs) during Posner’s spatial cueing paradigm. This study aims to use neurofeedback with a special protocol for treating children with reading disabilities, and moreo-ver, to evaluate visual-spatial attention ability by means of Posner paradigm task and ERPs. The study was conducted in a single subject design in 20 sessions. Participants were 2 male children, aged between 10 - 12 years old, who completed twelve 30-min neurofeedback sessions. Repeated measurements were performed during the baseline, treatment, and post treatment phases. Results showed some improvement in Posner paradigm parameters (correct response, valid and invalid reaction times). Furthermore, grand average ERPs for both of the participants in each of the four conditions (Valid-right, Invalid-right, Valid-left and Invalid-left) were analyzed. The analysis of P3 component showed a reduction in latency, indicating an improvement in the timing of cognitive processes. In addition, the graphs showed a decrease in amplitude level, which meant easier processing than before.展开更多
Screening patients for psychotic features can pose a problem when using verbal based tests. Establishment of validity of non-verbal psychotic screening scale can enhance diagnostic specificity and address challenges a...Screening patients for psychotic features can pose a problem when using verbal based tests. Establishment of validity of non-verbal psychotic screening scale can enhance diagnostic specificity and address challenges associated with verbal based tests. The goal of this study is to check whether Bender Visual Motor Gestalt Test-II will serve as a diagnostic specific tool for distinguishing between psychotic patients and healthy population. A total of 40 participants 22 males and 18 females were employed in the study. They were made of 10 patients diagnosed with schizophrenia, another 10 with depressions associated with psychotic features, 10 with substance/medication induced disorders and 10 healthy adults as the control. Their ages ranged from 20 - 65 with a mean age of 35.70 and standard deviation of 6.04. The healthy control group was staff of the hospital that was comparable to the patients in terms of age, gender and studies. All participants available who met the inclusive criteria who were willing to participate were selected. The instruments were (BVMGT-II) and (WHODAS 2.0). The design of the study was between group designs and One Way ANOVA was employed for data analysis. The findings of the study showed that BVMGT-II discriminated between patients with psychotic disorder and healthy population. It is recommended that BVMGT-II should be employed as screening instrument by the clinical/neuropsychologists in clinical psychological assessment for distinguishing psychotic patients from healthy population.展开更多
目的:研究单眼屈光参差性弱视患者对一阶光栅锐度和二阶纹理敏感度的感知能力。方法:收集2018-01/2022-12于我院确诊的单眼屈光参差性弱视儿童715例715眼作为弱视组,另选取矫正视力正常儿童745例745眼作为正常对照组。分别检测最佳矫正...目的:研究单眼屈光参差性弱视患者对一阶光栅锐度和二阶纹理敏感度的感知能力。方法:收集2018-01/2022-12于我院确诊的单眼屈光参差性弱视儿童715例715眼作为弱视组,另选取矫正视力正常儿童745例745眼作为正常对照组。分别检测最佳矫正视力(BCVA)、一阶光栅锐度和(或)二阶纹理敏感度,并分析不同程度弱视患者对一阶光栅锐度和二阶纹理敏感度的感知能力。结果:弱视组与正常对照组一阶光栅锐度(11.58±6.10 vs 20.27±3.47,P<0.001)、二阶纹理敏感度(0.33±0.16 vs 0.12±0.04,P<0.001)均有明显差异,且轻中度弱视患者与重度弱视患者一阶光栅锐度(12.10±6.23 vs 8.13±3.70,P<0.001)和二阶纹理敏感度(0.32±0.16 vs 0.37±0.17,P<0.05)均有明显差异。结论:单眼屈光参差性弱视患者大脑皮层一阶视觉通路和二阶视觉通路均存在不同程度的损伤,重度弱视患者较轻中度弱视患者损伤更为严重。展开更多
文摘The menstrual cycle has been a topic of interest in relation to behavior and cognition for many years, with historical beliefs associating it with cognitive impairment. However, recent research has challenged these beliefs and suggested potential positive effects of the menstrual cycle on cognitive performance. Despite these emerging findings, there is still a lack of consensus regarding the impact of the menstrual cycle on cognition, particularly in domains such as spatial reasoning, visual memory, and numerical memory. Hence, this study aimed to explore the relationship between the menstrual cycle and cognitive performance in these specific domains. Previous studies have reported mixed findings, with some suggesting no significant association and others indicating potential differences across the menstrual cycle. To contribute to this body of knowledge, we explored the research question of whether the menstrual cycles have a significant effect on cognition, particularly in the domains of spatial reasoning, visual and numerical memory in a regionally diverse sample of menstruating females. A total of 30 menstruating females from mixed geographical backgrounds participated in the study, and a repeated measures design was used to assess their cognitive performance in two phases of the menstrual cycle: follicular and luteal. The results of the study revealed that while spatial reasoning was not significantly related to the menstrual cycle (p = 0.256), both visual and numerical memory had significant positive associations (p < 0.001) with the luteal phase. However, since the effect sizes were very small, the importance of this relationship might be commonly overestimated. Future studies could thus entail designs with larger sample sizes, including neuro-biological measures of menstrual stages, and consequently inform competent interventions and support systems.
文摘This study investigated the effectiveness of spatial-visualization-based instruction on the mathematical problem-solving performance of 35 mathematics education students using one-group pretest-posttest quasi-experimental design. It also aimed to describe how spatial visualization is applied in solving mathematical problems. The findings of the study revealed that spatial-visualization-based instruction improved the mathematical problem-solving performance of students. The spatial-visualization ability can be applied in solving mathematical problems.
文摘Recent studies describe a number of difficulties associated with attention deficit in children with reading disabilities. Information about visual-spatial attention mainly arises from studies using event-related potentials (ERPs) during Posner’s spatial cueing paradigm. This study aims to use neurofeedback with a special protocol for treating children with reading disabilities, and moreo-ver, to evaluate visual-spatial attention ability by means of Posner paradigm task and ERPs. The study was conducted in a single subject design in 20 sessions. Participants were 2 male children, aged between 10 - 12 years old, who completed twelve 30-min neurofeedback sessions. Repeated measurements were performed during the baseline, treatment, and post treatment phases. Results showed some improvement in Posner paradigm parameters (correct response, valid and invalid reaction times). Furthermore, grand average ERPs for both of the participants in each of the four conditions (Valid-right, Invalid-right, Valid-left and Invalid-left) were analyzed. The analysis of P3 component showed a reduction in latency, indicating an improvement in the timing of cognitive processes. In addition, the graphs showed a decrease in amplitude level, which meant easier processing than before.
文摘Screening patients for psychotic features can pose a problem when using verbal based tests. Establishment of validity of non-verbal psychotic screening scale can enhance diagnostic specificity and address challenges associated with verbal based tests. The goal of this study is to check whether Bender Visual Motor Gestalt Test-II will serve as a diagnostic specific tool for distinguishing between psychotic patients and healthy population. A total of 40 participants 22 males and 18 females were employed in the study. They were made of 10 patients diagnosed with schizophrenia, another 10 with depressions associated with psychotic features, 10 with substance/medication induced disorders and 10 healthy adults as the control. Their ages ranged from 20 - 65 with a mean age of 35.70 and standard deviation of 6.04. The healthy control group was staff of the hospital that was comparable to the patients in terms of age, gender and studies. All participants available who met the inclusive criteria who were willing to participate were selected. The instruments were (BVMGT-II) and (WHODAS 2.0). The design of the study was between group designs and One Way ANOVA was employed for data analysis. The findings of the study showed that BVMGT-II discriminated between patients with psychotic disorder and healthy population. It is recommended that BVMGT-II should be employed as screening instrument by the clinical/neuropsychologists in clinical psychological assessment for distinguishing psychotic patients from healthy population.
文摘目的:研究单眼屈光参差性弱视患者对一阶光栅锐度和二阶纹理敏感度的感知能力。方法:收集2018-01/2022-12于我院确诊的单眼屈光参差性弱视儿童715例715眼作为弱视组,另选取矫正视力正常儿童745例745眼作为正常对照组。分别检测最佳矫正视力(BCVA)、一阶光栅锐度和(或)二阶纹理敏感度,并分析不同程度弱视患者对一阶光栅锐度和二阶纹理敏感度的感知能力。结果:弱视组与正常对照组一阶光栅锐度(11.58±6.10 vs 20.27±3.47,P<0.001)、二阶纹理敏感度(0.33±0.16 vs 0.12±0.04,P<0.001)均有明显差异,且轻中度弱视患者与重度弱视患者一阶光栅锐度(12.10±6.23 vs 8.13±3.70,P<0.001)和二阶纹理敏感度(0.32±0.16 vs 0.37±0.17,P<0.05)均有明显差异。结论:单眼屈光参差性弱视患者大脑皮层一阶视觉通路和二阶视觉通路均存在不同程度的损伤,重度弱视患者较轻中度弱视患者损伤更为严重。
