A new visual acuity test on touchpad for vision screening in children

AIM:To validate a visual acuity(VA)test application on touchpad in the screening of pediatric population by comparing VA results obtained with conventional tests.METHODS:A cohort of 101 patients,44 girls and 57 boys with a median of 6.5 years old(3-10 years of age),presenting for eye examinations in Ophthalmology Department(Strasbourg,France)between November 1st,2018,and February 1st,2019 were enrolled.Monocular and binocular VA testing was performed on the subject using both a standard test and the touchpad application(Monoyer,"E"or,Pigassou depending of children s capacities).Patients were excluded if they were physically or mentally unable to use the touchpad.The duration of each tests,the painfulness,the comprehension,the attention of children during the test and test’s preferences were also evaluated.RESULTS:There was a good linear correlation and intra-class correlation coefficient[ICC=0.50(0.34.0.64)for binocular acuity,0.74(0.64.0.82)for right eyes and 0.525(0.37.0.66)for left eye].The standard errors of measurement were very low(0.08.0.05.0.08 for binocular VA,right eyes VA and left eyes VA,respectively).There was no difference between two tests for right eye(P=0.126);left eye(P=0.098)and binocular acuity(P=0.085).Non inferiority was proved for all binocular[-0.06(-0.09.-0.03)],right eye[-0.04(-0.07.-0.01)]and left eye[-0.06(-0.09,-0.02)]VA.The sensitivity and specificity,which correspond to the ability for our app to detect amblyopia,were 92%and 80%respectively.CONCLUSION:Our touchpad application represents an efficient and valid test of VA in children with a high specificity to detect visual impairment.

A new specialized visual acuity chart for amblyopic children aged 3-5 years old:development and its clinical applications

AIM:To Introduce a new specialized visual acuity chart for amblyopic children aged 3-5 years old and its clinical applications.METHODS:The new visual acuity chart and notations were designed based on Weber-Fechner law.The optotypes were red against a white background and were specially shaped four basic geometric symbols:circle,square,triangle,and cross.A regular geometric progression of the optotype sizes and distribution was employed to arrange in 14 lines.The progression rate of the optotype size between two lines was 1.2589 and the testing distance was 3m.Visual acuity score could be recorded as logMAR notation or decimal notation.Agestratified diagnostic criteria for amblyopia established by consensus statement on diagnosis of amblyopia(2011)among members of the Strabismus and Pediatric Ophthalmology Group,Ophthalmology Society,Chinese Medical Association(SPOGOSCMA)were illustrated in the new visual acuity chart.RESULTS:When assessing visual acuity in children aged 3-5 years old,this new visual acuity chart that consists of four symmetrical shapes(triangle,square,cross,and circle)overcame an inability to recognize the letters of the alphabet and difficulties in designating the direction of black abstract symbols such as the tumbling’E’or Landolt’C’,which the subjects were prone to lose interest in.The visual acuity score may be recorded indifferent notations:decimal acuity and logMAR.These two notations can be easily converted each other in the new eye chart.The measurements of this new chart not only showed a significant correlation and a good consistency with the international standard logarithmic visual acuity chart(r=0.932,P【0.01),but also indicated a high test-retest reliability(89%of retest scores were within 0.1 logMAR units of the initial test score).CONCLUSION:The results of this study support the validity and reliability of distance visual acuity measurements using the new eye chart in children aged3 to 5 years over a wide range of visual acuities,and the new eye chart is great for early detection of amblyopia.It can be applied in various clinical settings.

Influence of severity and types of astigmatism on visual acuity in school-aged children in southern China

AIM： To investigate the influence of astigmatism on visual acuity in school-aged children, and to define a cutoff for clinically significant astigmatism. METHODS： This is a population-based, cross-sectional study. Among 5053 enumerated children aged 5-15 y in Guangzhou, 3729（73.8%） children aged 7-15 with successful cycloplegic auto-refraction（1% cyclopentolate） and a reliable visual acuity measurement were included. Ocular measurement included external eye, anterior segment, media and fundus and cycloplegic auto-refraction. Primary outcome measures included the relationship between severity and subtypes of astigmatism and the prevalence of visual impairment. Three criteria for visual impairment were adopted： best-corrected visual acuity（BCVA） ≤0.7, uncorrected visual acuity（UCVA） ≤0.5 or 〈0.7 in the right eye.RESULTS： Increases of cylinder power was significantly associated with worse visual acuity（UCVA： β=0.051, P〈0.01; BCVA： β=0.025, P〈0.001）. A substantial increase in UCVI and BCVI was seen with astigmatism of 1.00 diopter（D） or more. Astigmatism ≥1.00 D had a greater BCVI prevalence than cylinder power less than 1.00 D（OR=4.20, 95%CI： 3.08-5.74）, and this was also true for hyperopic, emmetropic and myopic refraction categories. Oblique astigmatism was associated with a higher risk of BCVI relative to with the rule astigmatism in myopic refractive category（OR=12.87, 95%CI： 2.20-75.38）.CONCLUSION： Both magnitude and subtypes of astigmatism influence the prevalence of visual impairment in school children. Cylinder ≥1.00 D may be useful as a cutoff for clinically significant astigmatism.

A computerized resolution visual acuity test in preschool and school age children

●AIM:To develop a novel approach called the Autoacuity Tester,and to evaluate its validity,especially the sensitivity and specificity for detecting amblyopia.●METHODS:Children aged from 3 to 12 y(n=552)were enrolled in the study.The validity of the Autoacuity Tester was evaluated by comparing it to the Tumbling E Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study(ETDRS)acuity chart for school age children,and Lea Symbols and Teller acuity card(TAC)for preschool children.The repeatability was assessed by coefficient of repeatability(COR).The sensitivity and specificity for detecting amblyopia were calculated.●RESULTS:The mean difference(95%limits of agreement)between the Autoacuity Tester and the ETDRS tests were-0.03(-0.24,0.19)logMAR for the school age group.In preschool children,the mean difference was 0.04(-0.14,0.21)logMAR between the Autoacuity Tester and the TAC and 0.00(-0.17,0.18)logMAR between the Autoacuity Tester and the Lea Symbols.For the school age group,the COR was 0.20 logMAR for the Autoacuity Tester and 0.18 logMAR for the ETDRS.For the preschool group,the COR was 0.13 logMAR for the Autoacuity Tester and 0.21 logMAR for TAC.The Autoacuity Tester(88%)is more sensitive than TAC(72%)in detecting amblyopia(P=0.04),while had similar specificity(92%vs 90%,P=0.20).●CONCLUSION:The Autoacuity Tester provides a reliable alternative for assessing visual acuity,and offers advantage of higher testability and repeatability for preschool children.

Visual problems: a review of prevalence studies on visual impairment in school-age children

Childhood visual impairment(VI) have a significant impact on the educational achievement, career choices and social life of affected individual, and in children, is mainly due to either preventable or treatable causes. Reliable data on the prevalence and causes of VI in children will guide the development of a systematic vision screening program for its early detection and successful treatment of possible causes. The purpose of this literature review is to summarize the available data on prevalence and causes of VI in school-age children from various regions globally. A discussion on the major findings highlighting the definition criteria, classifications and limitations for further studies is also presented.

Comparison of Applicability of Different Visual Acuity Charts for Pediatric Outpatient Visual Tests

Purpose: To evaluate the applicability of different visual acuity charts for outpatient pediatric visual tests.Methods: Fifty-three children(53 eyes) aged 4-8 years undergoing visual acuity tests as outpatients were randomly selected for this study. The best corrected visual acuity(BCVA)of the eye with better visual acuity was measured for each child using the digital LogMAR visual chart,.the ETDRS visual chart,.and a new standard logarithm visual chart;.all measurements were repeated twice and the BCVA was recorded. Paired comparisons were made between the LogMAR visual acuity chart and ETDRS chart measurements or between the ETDRS chart and logarithm visual acuity chart measurements for statistical analysis of the differences in measurement of visual acuity..The results of different measurements by the same chart were compared to evaluate the consistency of the measurement results..Bland-Altman analysis was employed to evaluate the most suitable chart for outpatient measurement of visual acuity in children.Results:.Bland-Altman analysis revealed that the mean visual acuity measured was.(0.447 ±0.017 LogMAR).by the digital LogMAR chart,.(0.301±0.024 LogMAR).by the standard logarithm visual acuity chart, and(0.309 ±0.018 LogMAR) by the ETDRS visual acuity chart. The BCVA was significantly lower when measured by the LogMAR visual acuity chart than by the ETDRS chart(P<0.01). The BCVA was slightly higher when measured by the logarithm visual acuity chart than by the ETDRS chart, but the difference was not statistically sig nificant(P>0.05)..The Bland-Altman plot showed that the highest consistency was obtained with the digital LogMAR chart,with a difference between two repeated measurements of 0.068 LogMAR,.compared to 0.090 and 0.072 LogMAR for the logarithm and ETDRS visual acuity charts, respectively.Conclusion: All three types of visual acuity charts are appli-cable for outpatient measurement of pediatric visual acuity.The ETDRS and logarithm visual acuity charts have a higher consistency, but the LogMAR visual acuity chart shows better reproducibility..Consequently,.it is difficult to identify and distinguish which acuity chart is most suitable for cooperative children.

A review of paediatric vision screening protocols and guidelines

Vision screening plays an important role in the early detection of children who have or probably are predisposed to have specific visual problems. The validity and reliability of the screening batteries in relation to the age group to be screened, and the person administering the test as well as the referral and follow-up criteria contribute to the overall outcome of the vision screening. Despite the long history of vision screening and significant improvement in the development of screening protocols, no agreement exists concerning the age at which children should be screened, the exact test batteries that should be included and who should conduct the screening. This review highlights some important aspects of the history of paediatric vision screening and available evidence in support of their use to detect visual conditions in children. It also examines some of the barriers against the development of paediatric vision screening models especially in low and medium income countries.

学龄前儿童常用视力表的研究进展

学龄前期(3-6岁)是视觉发育的关键时期,及早发现并治疗学龄前儿童视觉问题至关重要。视力表是筛查儿童视觉问题的重要工具,国内常采用标准对数视力表和儿童图形视力表,而国外则常用Lea、HOTV和ETDRS视力表。已经有很多研究报道了这三种视力表在儿童视力检查中的可测性、可重复性及诊断视觉相关问题的敏感性。然而,在国内这三种视力表的应用较为有限,本文就这三种视力表的设计原理、临床中的应用及各自的特点进行综述,以便更好地了解它们在学龄前儿童中的适用性和局限性,从而为未来视力检查方法的选择和改进提供参考。

Autoacuity Test与标准对数视力表用于儿童视力测定的比较

【目的】比较一种计算机视力测试软件Autoacuity Test和标准对数视力表之间的一致性和重复性,初步探讨Autoacuity Test临床应用的可行性。【方法】对41名视功能正常儿童[(8.4±1.8)岁]和25名弱视儿童[(8.0±2.2)岁]分别使用标准对数视力表和Autoacuity Test两种方法进行视力测试。30min后重新对其进行测试。以Autoacuity Test与标准对数视力表检查结果的一致性限度的评价其准确性,以测试-再测试的重复系数及配对t检验评价其重复性。【结果】视功能正常儿童的Autoacuity Test与标准对数视力间的一致性限度为0.16对数单位;弱视儿童为0.31对数单位。正常儿童两种方法各自的测试-再测试结果间差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。弱视儿童标准对数视力表测试-再测试结果间差异无统计学意义,Autoacuity再次测试视力检查结果较初次测试有所提高(P<0.05)。【结论】Autoacuity Test与标准对数视力表两种检查方法在视功能正常儿童中一致性较好,在弱视儿童中一致性稍差,两者重复性相近。Autoacuity是一种可取的儿童视力测试方法。

无锡市新吴区学龄前儿童视力筛查结果分析

目的 分析无锡市新吴区学龄前儿童视力筛查结果,为建立学龄前儿童视力健康档案提供数据支持。方法 选择2021年6月至2022年1月无锡市新吴区各幼儿园的14 686名学龄前儿童为研究对象。对所有儿童行屈光检查和视力检查。分析不同年龄、性别儿童的屈光、视力及眼睛相关情况。结果 对不同年龄学龄前儿童行屈光及视力检查发现,共3 336名儿童存在屈光异常,其中5岁和6岁儿童的屈光异常占比较高,3岁儿童视力不良占比最低。不同年龄学龄前儿童的近视、远视、散光、屈光异常、视力不良占比比较,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。女童和男童的近视、远视占比比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);女童和男童的散光、视力不良占比比较,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。眼外观、视觉行为、红光反射、眼球运动异常在各年龄学龄前儿童中的发生率均较低。不同年龄学龄前儿童的眼外观、视觉行为、红光反射、眼位筛查、眼球运动异常占比比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。女童和男童的眼外观、视觉行为、红光反射、眼位筛查、眼球运动异常占比比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。6岁视力不良儿童中,高达41.81%的儿童合并屈光异常;4岁视力不良儿童中,仅28.00%的儿童合并屈光异常;5岁屈光不正儿童中,高达63.22%的儿童合并视力不良。不同年龄视力不良儿童中屈光异常占比比较,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同年龄屈光异常儿童中视力不良占比比较,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 落实学龄前儿童视力筛查有助于提早发现视力异常,做到早发现、早诊断、早治疗,能够有效提高学龄前儿童视力发育水平。

屈光参差性弱视儿童黄斑光敏感度及固视稳定性与最佳矫正视力的相关性

目的探讨屈光参差性弱视儿童黄斑光敏感度及固视稳定性与最佳矫正视力(BCVA)的相关性。方法选取2022年1月至2023年2月在青岛市黄岛区中医医院治疗的屈光参差性弱视儿童184例,其中弱视眼184只、对侧眼184只。其中男94例,女90例;年龄4~12(8.10±1.72)岁。测量弱视眼和对侧眼BCVA、黄斑光敏感度及固视稳定性参数,以及视盘周围神经纤维层厚度、黄斑区厚度差异,采用秩和检验比较弱视眼和对侧眼黄斑区光敏感度和固视稳定性参数,以及治疗前后BCVA、黄斑10°范围内平均光敏感度和固视点落在直径2°内的百分比;t检验分析弱视眼和对侧眼视盘周围神经纤维层厚度、黄斑区厚度;相关性采用Spearman秩相关分析。结果弱视眼BCVA高于对侧眼[0.5(0.4,0.6)LogMAR比0.1(0,0.2)LogMAR],差异有统计学意义(Z=-4.454,P<0.05);弱视眼黄斑10°范围内平均光敏感度、固视点落在直径2°内的百分比分别为25.40(23.10,28.00)dB、49.98(42.30,61.10)%,低于对侧眼[28.40(26.10,29.60)dB、70.40(58.29,77.50)%],差异均有统计学意义(Z=-4.463、-3.182,均P<0.05);弱视眼黄斑区光敏感度和固视稳定性参数、视盘周围神经纤维层厚度、黄斑区厚度均与BCVA无相关性(均P>0.05);下方黄斑区厚度与下方视盘周围神经纤维层厚度呈正相关(r=0.443,P<0.05),鼻侧黄斑区厚度与鼻侧视盘周围神经纤维层厚度呈正相关(r=0.401,P<0.05)。弱视眼治疗后BCVA、黄斑10°范围内平均光敏感度、固视点落在直径2°内的百分比分别为0.3(0.1,0.5)LogMAR、27.65(25.51,28.93)dB和62.50(51.54,70.02)%,均优于治疗前[0.5(0.4,0.6)LogMAR、25.40(23.10,28.00)dB、49.98(42.30,61.10)%],差异均有统计学意义(Z=-2.932、-3.332、-2.993,均P<0.05)。结论屈光参差性弱视儿童黄斑光敏感度及2°范围内的固视稳定性有所降低,黄斑区厚度与视盘周围神经纤维层厚度存在相关性,值得进一步研究。

耳穴贴压联合眼周经皮穴位电刺激在6~12岁儿童轻度近视中的应用研究

目的观察耳穴贴压联合眼周经皮穴位电刺激在6~12岁儿童轻度近视中的应用效果。方法采用随机数字表法将2022年11月—2023年4月在石家庄市某小学的132例轻度近视儿童平均分为3组,分别为耳穴贴压组、眼周经皮穴位电刺激组、联合组,每组44例。3组患儿均给予常规护理,在此基础上,耳穴贴压组给予耳穴贴压治疗,眼周经皮穴位电刺激组给予眼周经皮穴位电刺激治疗,联合组给予耳穴贴压联合眼周经皮穴位电刺激治疗。3组患儿干预疗程均为每4周1个疗程,1个疗程后暂停1周,再进行第2个疗程,共2个疗程。比较3组患儿治疗前、治疗1个疗程后、治疗2个疗程后的裸眼远视力、屈光度、调节灵敏度及眼局部症状总积分,观察其对轻度近视儿童的治疗效果。结果干预结束后,共脱落8例患儿,最终纳入124例,分别为耳穴贴压组41例,眼周经皮穴位电刺激组41例,联合组42例。3组患儿治疗前的裸眼远视力、屈光度、调节灵敏度及眼局部症状总积分经比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。3组患儿第1疗程及第2疗程干预结束后的裸眼远视力、屈光度、调节灵敏度及眼局部症状总积分经比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。组间比较3组患儿的裸眼远视力、屈光度及眼局部症状总积分,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),其中联合组与耳穴贴压组、眼周经皮穴位电刺激组相比差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论3种干预措施均可有效改善儿童轻度近视患儿的裸眼远视力、屈光度、调节灵敏度及眼局部症状,对轻度近视儿童具有治疗和防控近视进展的作用,疗效良好,且联合治疗对于儿童轻度近视的治疗及防控效果优于单一的耳穴贴压治疗或眼周经皮穴位电刺激治疗。

综合疗法治疗小儿微小度数斜视性弱视的效果

目的:探讨采用综合疗法治疗小儿微小度数斜视性弱视的效果。方法:选取2018年6月-2023年6月常州市第三人民医院眼科收治的微小度数斜视性弱视患儿100例为研究对象,采用计算机随机分组法分为观察组和对照组,各50例。对照组采用遮盖法常规治疗,观察组进行综合治疗。比较两组临床疗效、视力、不良反应、生活质量情况。结果:观察组总有效率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P=0.046)。治疗前,两组视力比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后1、2、4周,两组视力高于治疗前,且观察组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组不良反应发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗前,两组躯体功能、物质生活状态、心理功能、社会功能评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后,两组躯体功能、物质生活状态、心理功能、社会功能评分升高,且观察组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:采用综合疗法治疗小儿微小度数斜视性弱视,疗效显著,可提高生活质量,增强视力,安全性高。

揿针联合经筋推拿手法治疗学龄儿童低度近视疗效观察

目的:观察揿针联合经筋推拿手法治疗学龄儿童低度近视的疗效。方法:选择低度近视学龄儿童120例,按随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组各60例。两组儿童均给予健康用眼宣教,在此基础上,对照组佩戴角膜塑形镜进行治疗,观察组进行揿针联合经筋推拿手法治疗。两组均治疗6周并随访3个月。比较两组治疗前后的裸眼视力、屈光度、调节灵敏度、眼轴长度,评价临床疗效。结果:观察组治疗3周、治疗6周的裸眼视力值较治疗前下降(P<0.05);对照组治疗结束后3个月的裸眼视力值较治疗前上升(P<0.05);观察组治疗3周、治疗6周、治疗结束后3个月的裸眼视力值均低于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组治疗6周的屈光度低于治疗前(P<0.05);对照组治疗6周、治疗结束后3个月的屈光度均高于治疗前(P<0.05);观察组治疗3周、治疗6周、治疗结束后3个月的屈光度均低于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组治疗3周、治疗6周、治疗结束后3个月的调节灵敏度均高于治疗前(P<0.05);对照组治疗3周、治疗6周的调节灵敏度均高于治疗前(P<0.05);观察组治疗3周、治疗6周、治疗结束后3个月的调节灵敏度均高于对照组(P<0.05)。两组各时点眼轴长度组间、组内比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗6周后,观察组、对照组总有效率分别为91.67%、76.67%,两组疗效比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:揿针联合经筋推拿手法治疗学龄儿童低度近视疗效较好,可改善儿童裸眼视力、屈光度和调节灵敏度。

多媒体视功能综合训练治疗儿童弱视的临床效果

目的探讨多媒体视功能综合训练治疗儿童弱视的临床效果。方法回顾性分析2022年1月至12月齐齐哈尔爱尔眼科医院接诊的70例弱视儿童的临床资料,根据治疗方案进行分组,采用常规训练的儿童纳入对照组(35例),采用多媒体视功能综合训练的儿童纳入观察组(35例),比较两组治疗效果。结果治疗后,研究组视力高于对照组,立体视锐度低于对照组(P<0.05);研究组M振幅以及P100潜伏期低于对照组(P<0.05);研究组眼调节幅度、调节灵敏度高于对照组(P<0.05);研究组依从性高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论多媒体视功能综合训练治疗儿童弱视的临床效果显著,能够提高视力,改善眼功能,值得推广。

沂源县中小学生视力健康情况调研报告

目的调研沂源县中小学生视力健康状况,明确中小学生存在的视力健康问题,并初步分析引发视力健康问题的危险因素,为青少年近视防控提供数据支持。方法2021年4月—2021年8月,根据国家卫健委办公厅出台的《儿童青少年近视防控适宜技术指南》(2019版)制定《沂源县儿童青少年近视综合防控推进计划》,对沂源县各中小学的在校生进行视力普查。结果沂源县4所高中(10791人)、18所初中(16909人)、51所小学(19796人)的47496人参与本次视力普查,剔除无效数据后,共计43434(91.45%)人的视力情况纳入最终分析。不同年级间的视力健康情况比较,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=10597.452,P<0.001),不同性别的青少年视力健康情况比较,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=32.710,P<0.001)。结论家长和学校应在青少年出现视力异常情况时尽早进行联合干预,保障青少年的视力健康。

穴位针刺治疗儿童弱视5年远期效果观察

目的:回顾性研究穴位针刺治疗儿童弱视5年远期效果。方法:回顾性分析2016年1月-2017年1月汕头大学·香港中文大学联合汕头国际眼科中心收治的80例(137眼)弱视儿童的临床资料,根据所采用的治疗方法分为对照组(n=40,70眼)和观察组(n=40,67眼),对照组采用西医弱视常规治疗,观察组在对照组基础上加用穴位针刺治疗,比较两组裸眼视力、最佳矫正视力及不良反应。结果:观察组治疗总有效率高于对照组(92.50%vs.75.00%)(P<0.05)。治疗前,两组裸眼视力、最佳矫正视力比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),治疗后1、5年,两组裸眼视力、最佳矫正视力均升高(P<0.05),且观察组裸眼视力、最佳矫正视力均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。两组不良反应发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:穴位针刺治疗儿童弱视的5年远期效果显著,可改善视力水平,且安全性较高,值得推广应用。

学龄前儿童视力和屈光状态分析

目的:了解北京市通州区学龄前儿童的视力现况,并对其屈光状态进行分析。方法:横断面调查研究。于2021-12/2022-01采用整群随机抽样法选取北京市通州区9所幼儿园3~6岁儿童1513人3026眼,均进行视力和屈光度检查,并分析不同年龄段儿童视力和屈光度分布情况。结果:纳入儿童视力低常率为15.47%,屈光异常率为14.24%,且随着年龄增长,屈光异常检出率减少,而屈光异常类型以单纯近视性散光为主(11.46%),随着年龄增加,单纯性远视率逐渐降低,单纯性近视率逐渐增加。屈光度检查结果显示,纳入儿童球镜度为0.50(0.25,1.00)D,柱镜度为-0.25(-0.50,-0.25)D,等效球镜度为0.375(0,0.625)D。不同年龄段儿童球镜度和等效球镜度均无差异(P>0.05),但柱镜度有差异(P<0.001)。结论:3~5岁儿童视力低常率随年龄增加逐渐降低,6岁后又呈增加趋势。3~6岁儿童屈光异常以单纯近视性散光为主。学龄前儿童视力发育情况应重点关注,应定期进行视力和屈光状态检查。

孝感市孝南区某小学青少年儿童近视现状分析

目的:分析孝感市孝南区某小学青少年儿童近视现状。方法:于2018年1月对孝感市孝南区实验小学1033各三~五年级学生开展视力和屈光度检查,并收集学生基础资料,于2019年1月对同批学生进行二次检查,分析青少年儿童近视现状并提出建议。结果:2018年,不同年级视力异常率、疑近视发生率为五年级>四年级>三年级,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。同批学生2018年视力不良率、疑近视发生率低于2019年,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。视力异常学生父母近视率高于正常学生,玩电子产品时间长于视力正常学生,户外活动时间、写作业及看书时间、参加课外培优及培训时间短于视力正常学生,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:青少年儿童近视比例相对较高,并随着年级与年龄的增加而升高。不良的生活习惯会对视力产生影响,建议青少年人群经常展开户外活动,尽量保持良好坐姿,预防近视。

2019-2022年徐州市某幼儿园学龄前儿童视力不良状况分析

目的分析2019—2022年徐州市某幼儿园学龄前儿童视力不良状况。方法随机选取2019年9月至2022年11月徐州市第一人民医院对铜山区幼儿园进行视力筛查的2000名3~6岁儿童为研究对象,采用美国伟伦双目视力筛查仪检测眼睛的屈光参数,分析儿童视力不良检出率以及屈光情况。结果经筛查确诊为视力异常477例,患病率为23.85%,3岁儿童视力不良检出率为21.75%,4~5岁儿童视力不良检出率为29.69%,6岁儿童视力不良检出率为20.55%,其中新发现的有320例(16.00%),157例已经在其他医院门诊接受治疗。不同性别之间各种视力异常检出率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论徐州市铜山区学龄前儿童视力不良检出率较高,应加强儿童视力保健意识。