Anthropometric variations can affect resting energy expenditure,VO_(2) max and anaerobic capacity of young,healthy individuals.Studies have shown that body fat percentage,weight,and height can all affect the three mea...Anthropometric variations can affect resting energy expenditure,VO_(2) max and anaerobic capacity of young,healthy individuals.Studies have shown that body fat percentage,weight,and height can all affect the three measures.The study aimed to study VO_(2) max and 24-hour thermogenesis measures in predominantly sedentary individuals and weight changes afterwards.VO_(2) max-associated research shows that taller individuals tend to have higher VO_(2) max levels compared to shorter individuals.This could be because taller individuals have a larger lung capacity and greater oxygen delivery to the muscles.Weight can also affect VO_(2) max,as heavier individuals tend to have higher VO_(2) max levels than lighter individuals.Weight is also associated with resting energy expenditure,as heavier individuals tend to have a higher resting energy expenditure than lighter individuals.The purpose of this study was to conduct a systematic review of the existing literature related to resting energy expenditure and metabolic effects of VO_(2) max,and anaerobic capacity in sedentary active adults of anthropometric variations.Several studies have recently examined the possibility of improving aerobic and metabolic functions ensuring cardiorespiratory fitness within the population of anthropometric variations.Everyday physical activity and heredity ability influenced mainly the gold standard measuring tool for cardiorespiratory fitness,VO_(2) max,predicting mortality and morbidity.Weight gain has also been shown to be associated with lower cardiorespiratory fitness,regardless of physical activity levels.The VO_(2) max may have a different effect on energy balance apart from physical activity’s energy expenditure(EE),possibly by affecting the resting metabolic rate(RMR)or triggering a common mechanism associated with diet-induced thermogenesis.Weight change is predicted by sedentary energy expenditure,but directly measured VO_(2) max does not appear to be correlated with weight change.The relationship between resting energy expenditure,VO_(2) max,and anaerobic capacity in individuals is complex.Resting energy expenditure is directly related to anaerobic capacity,as it is an indicator of the body’s ability to work anaerobically.VO_(2) max is also related to anaerobic capacity,as it reflects the body’s maximal aerobic power.However,the strength of this relationship is not known.Overall,both resting energy expenditure and VO_(2) max are important determinants of anaerobic capacity in individuals and are worth considering when evaluating an individual’s anaerobic potential.展开更多
Background Non-exercise estimated cardiorespiratory fitness(NEE-CRF)has been shown to be associated with mortality,although its association with cancer incidence is unknown.The study aimed to assess the prospective as...Background Non-exercise estimated cardiorespiratory fitness(NEE-CRF)has been shown to be associated with mortality,although its association with cancer incidence is unknown.The study aimed to assess the prospective association between NEE-CRF and cancer incidence in a large cohort of men and women.Methods The National Institutes of Health-American Association of Retired Persons diet and health study is a prospective cohort that included 402,548 participants aged 50–71 years who were free from cancer at baseline(1995–1996)(men(n=238,835)and women(n=163,713))and were followed until December 31,2015.The exposure variable was NEE-CRF expressed in metabolic equivalents.NEE-CRF was estimated using a validated equation of self-reported predictors on demographics and lifestyle behaviors derived from baseline questionnaires.Primary outcomes were total cancer incidence and incidence of prostate,breast,lung,and colorectal cancers.Cox proportional hazards models were analyzed for the association between NEE-CRF and cancer incidence outcomes adjusted for established cancer risk factors.Results During 13.7±3.2 years of follow-up(mean±SD),64,344 men and 31,315 women developed a new cancer.For every 1-metabolic equivalent higher NEE-CRF,the hazard ratios and 95%confidence intervals(95%CIs)were 0.96(95%CI:0.94–0.97)and 0.88(95%CI:0.84–0.92)of total and colorectal cancer incidence among men,and 0.95(95%CI:0.93–0.97)and 0.94(95%CI:0.91–0.97)of total and breast cancer incidence among women,respectively(all p<0.001).NEE-CRF was not associated with incidence of prostate and lung cancers in men or colorectal and lung cancers in women.Conclusion These results suggest that higher CRF levels,as assessed by the applied non-exercise estimated method,may provide preventive benefits against the development of cancer,while low CRF could potentially serve as a modifiable cancer risk factor.Integrating NEE-CRF into screening paradigms and referring low-fit individuals to improve CRF could complement the public health prevention strategy against cancer.展开更多
It is unknown whether oxygen uptake(VO_(2))sampling intervals influence the efficacy of a verification stage following a graded exercise test(GXT).Fifteen females and 14 males(18-25 years)completed a maximal treadmill...It is unknown whether oxygen uptake(VO_(2))sampling intervals influence the efficacy of a verification stage following a graded exercise test(GXT).Fifteen females and 14 males(18-25 years)completed a maximal treadmill GXT.After a 5min recovery,the verification stage began at the speed and grade corresponding with the penultimate stage from the GXT.Maximal oxygen consumption(VO_(2max))from the incremental GXT(iVO_(2max))and VO_(2max)from the verification stage(verVO_(2max))were determined using 10 seconds(s),30s,and 60s from breath×breath averages.There was no main effect for VO_(2max)measure(iVO_(2max)vs.verVO_(2max))10s([47.9±8.31]ml∙kg^(−1)∙min^(−1)vs[48.85±7.97]ml∙kg^(−1)∙min^(−1)),30s([46.94±8.62]ml∙kg^(−1)∙min^(−1)vs[47.28±7.97]ml∙kg^(−1)∙min^(−1)),and 60s([46.17±8.62]ml∙kg^(−1)∙min^(−1)vs[46.00±8.00]ml∙kg^(−1)∙min^(−1)].There was a stage×sampling interval interaction as the difference between(verVO_(2max)−iVO_(2max))was greater for 10-s than 60-s sampling intervals.The verVO_(2max)was>4%higher than iVO_(2max)in 31%,31%,and 17%of the tests for the 10-s,30-s,and 60-s sampling intervals respectively.Sensitivity for the plateau was<30%for 10-s,30-s,and 60-s sampling intervals.Specificity ranged from 44%to 60%for all sampling intervals.Sensitivity for heart rate+respiratory exchange ratio was>90%for all sampling intervals;while specificity was<25%.Findings from the present study suggest that the efficacy of verification stages for eliciting a higher VO_(2max)may be influenced by the sampling interval utilized.展开更多
目的分析高强度间歇训练(HIIT)前后最大摄氧量(VO_(2max))、肺活量(VC)的测试结果,探究HIIT对女大学生有氧耐力(AE)的影响。方法选取河南师范大学非体育专业女大学生16名,随机分为各8人的对照组和实验组。实验组进行HIIT(每组1 min 90%V...目的分析高强度间歇训练(HIIT)前后最大摄氧量(VO_(2max))、肺活量(VC)的测试结果,探究HIIT对女大学生有氧耐力(AE)的影响。方法选取河南师范大学非体育专业女大学生16名,随机分为各8人的对照组和实验组。实验组进行HIIT(每组1 min 90%VO_(2max)的高强度冲刺和1 min 40%VO_(2max)的低强度间歇,共13组,总计26 min,一周3次隔天训练,共6周),两组受试人员保持原有生活习惯。结果(1)6周HIIT后组内比较,实验组VO_(2max)提高效果显著,VC未明显变化。(2)6周HIIT后组间比较,实验组的VO_(2max)变化显著高于对照组,而VC没有明显差异。结论HIIT可以明显提高最大摄氧量,改善有氧耐力。展开更多
文摘Anthropometric variations can affect resting energy expenditure,VO_(2) max and anaerobic capacity of young,healthy individuals.Studies have shown that body fat percentage,weight,and height can all affect the three measures.The study aimed to study VO_(2) max and 24-hour thermogenesis measures in predominantly sedentary individuals and weight changes afterwards.VO_(2) max-associated research shows that taller individuals tend to have higher VO_(2) max levels compared to shorter individuals.This could be because taller individuals have a larger lung capacity and greater oxygen delivery to the muscles.Weight can also affect VO_(2) max,as heavier individuals tend to have higher VO_(2) max levels than lighter individuals.Weight is also associated with resting energy expenditure,as heavier individuals tend to have a higher resting energy expenditure than lighter individuals.The purpose of this study was to conduct a systematic review of the existing literature related to resting energy expenditure and metabolic effects of VO_(2) max,and anaerobic capacity in sedentary active adults of anthropometric variations.Several studies have recently examined the possibility of improving aerobic and metabolic functions ensuring cardiorespiratory fitness within the population of anthropometric variations.Everyday physical activity and heredity ability influenced mainly the gold standard measuring tool for cardiorespiratory fitness,VO_(2) max,predicting mortality and morbidity.Weight gain has also been shown to be associated with lower cardiorespiratory fitness,regardless of physical activity levels.The VO_(2) max may have a different effect on energy balance apart from physical activity’s energy expenditure(EE),possibly by affecting the resting metabolic rate(RMR)or triggering a common mechanism associated with diet-induced thermogenesis.Weight change is predicted by sedentary energy expenditure,but directly measured VO_(2) max does not appear to be correlated with weight change.The relationship between resting energy expenditure,VO_(2) max,and anaerobic capacity in individuals is complex.Resting energy expenditure is directly related to anaerobic capacity,as it is an indicator of the body’s ability to work anaerobically.VO_(2) max is also related to anaerobic capacity,as it reflects the body’s maximal aerobic power.However,the strength of this relationship is not known.Overall,both resting energy expenditure and VO_(2) max are important determinants of anaerobic capacity in individuals and are worth considering when evaluating an individual’s anaerobic potential.
基金supported (in part) by the Intramural Research Program of the NIH,National Cancer Institute
文摘Background Non-exercise estimated cardiorespiratory fitness(NEE-CRF)has been shown to be associated with mortality,although its association with cancer incidence is unknown.The study aimed to assess the prospective association between NEE-CRF and cancer incidence in a large cohort of men and women.Methods The National Institutes of Health-American Association of Retired Persons diet and health study is a prospective cohort that included 402,548 participants aged 50–71 years who were free from cancer at baseline(1995–1996)(men(n=238,835)and women(n=163,713))and were followed until December 31,2015.The exposure variable was NEE-CRF expressed in metabolic equivalents.NEE-CRF was estimated using a validated equation of self-reported predictors on demographics and lifestyle behaviors derived from baseline questionnaires.Primary outcomes were total cancer incidence and incidence of prostate,breast,lung,and colorectal cancers.Cox proportional hazards models were analyzed for the association between NEE-CRF and cancer incidence outcomes adjusted for established cancer risk factors.Results During 13.7±3.2 years of follow-up(mean±SD),64,344 men and 31,315 women developed a new cancer.For every 1-metabolic equivalent higher NEE-CRF,the hazard ratios and 95%confidence intervals(95%CIs)were 0.96(95%CI:0.94–0.97)and 0.88(95%CI:0.84–0.92)of total and colorectal cancer incidence among men,and 0.95(95%CI:0.93–0.97)and 0.94(95%CI:0.91–0.97)of total and breast cancer incidence among women,respectively(all p<0.001).NEE-CRF was not associated with incidence of prostate and lung cancers in men or colorectal and lung cancers in women.Conclusion These results suggest that higher CRF levels,as assessed by the applied non-exercise estimated method,may provide preventive benefits against the development of cancer,while low CRF could potentially serve as a modifiable cancer risk factor.Integrating NEE-CRF into screening paradigms and referring low-fit individuals to improve CRF could complement the public health prevention strategy against cancer.
文摘It is unknown whether oxygen uptake(VO_(2))sampling intervals influence the efficacy of a verification stage following a graded exercise test(GXT).Fifteen females and 14 males(18-25 years)completed a maximal treadmill GXT.After a 5min recovery,the verification stage began at the speed and grade corresponding with the penultimate stage from the GXT.Maximal oxygen consumption(VO_(2max))from the incremental GXT(iVO_(2max))and VO_(2max)from the verification stage(verVO_(2max))were determined using 10 seconds(s),30s,and 60s from breath×breath averages.There was no main effect for VO_(2max)measure(iVO_(2max)vs.verVO_(2max))10s([47.9±8.31]ml∙kg^(−1)∙min^(−1)vs[48.85±7.97]ml∙kg^(−1)∙min^(−1)),30s([46.94±8.62]ml∙kg^(−1)∙min^(−1)vs[47.28±7.97]ml∙kg^(−1)∙min^(−1)),and 60s([46.17±8.62]ml∙kg^(−1)∙min^(−1)vs[46.00±8.00]ml∙kg^(−1)∙min^(−1)].There was a stage×sampling interval interaction as the difference between(verVO_(2max)−iVO_(2max))was greater for 10-s than 60-s sampling intervals.The verVO_(2max)was>4%higher than iVO_(2max)in 31%,31%,and 17%of the tests for the 10-s,30-s,and 60-s sampling intervals respectively.Sensitivity for the plateau was<30%for 10-s,30-s,and 60-s sampling intervals.Specificity ranged from 44%to 60%for all sampling intervals.Sensitivity for heart rate+respiratory exchange ratio was>90%for all sampling intervals;while specificity was<25%.Findings from the present study suggest that the efficacy of verification stages for eliciting a higher VO_(2max)may be influenced by the sampling interval utilized.
文摘目的分析高强度间歇训练(HIIT)前后最大摄氧量(VO_(2max))、肺活量(VC)的测试结果,探究HIIT对女大学生有氧耐力(AE)的影响。方法选取河南师范大学非体育专业女大学生16名,随机分为各8人的对照组和实验组。实验组进行HIIT(每组1 min 90%VO_(2max)的高强度冲刺和1 min 40%VO_(2max)的低强度间歇,共13组,总计26 min,一周3次隔天训练,共6周),两组受试人员保持原有生活习惯。结果(1)6周HIIT后组内比较,实验组VO_(2max)提高效果显著,VC未明显变化。(2)6周HIIT后组间比较,实验组的VO_(2max)变化显著高于对照组,而VC没有明显差异。结论HIIT可以明显提高最大摄氧量,改善有氧耐力。
