Identifying the stability of housekeeping genes to be used for the quantitative real-time PCR normalization in retinal tissue of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

AIM:To investigate the stability of the seven housekeeping genes:beta-actin(ActB),glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase(GAPDH),18s ribosomal unit 5(18s),cyclophilin A(CycA),hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyl transferase(HPRT),ribosomal protein large P0(36B4)and terminal uridylyl transferase 1(U6)in the diabetic retinal tissue of rat model.METHODS:The expression of these seven genes in rat retinal tissues was determined using real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR)in two groups;normal control rats and streptozotocininduced diabetic rats.The stability analysis of gene expression was investigated using geNorm,NormFinder,BestKeeper,and comparative delta-Ct(ΔCt)algorithms.RESULTS:The 36B4 gene was stably expressed in the retinal tissues of normal control animals;however,it was less stable in diabetic retinas.The 18s gene was expressed consistently in both normal control and diabetic rats’retinal tissue.That this gene was the best reference for data normalisation in RT-qPCR studies that used the retinal tissue of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.Furthermore,there was no ideal gene stably expressed for use in all experimental settings.CONCLUSION:Identifying relevant genes is a need for achieving RT-qPCR validity and reliability and must be appropriately achieved based on a specific experimental setting.

Altered Expression of Transcription Factor Genes in Rice Flag Leaf under Low Nitrogen Stress

The response of transcription factor genes to low nitrogen stress was studied to provide molecular basis for improving the absorption and utilization efficiency of nitrogen fertilizer in rice. The agilent rice genome arrays were used to study the varied expression of transcription factor genes in two rice varieties （SN 196 and Toyonishhiki） with different chlorophyll contents under low nitrogen stress. The results showed that a total of 53 transcription factor genes （35 down-regulated and 18 up-regulated genes at the transcription level） in flag leaves of super-green rice SN196 and 27 transcription factor genes （21 down-regulated and 6 up-regulated genes at the transcription level） in flag leaves of Toyonishiki were affected by low nitrogen stress. Among those nitrogen-responsive genes, 48 transcription factor genes in SN196 and 22 in Toyonishiki were variety-specific. There were overlapped transcription factor genes responded to low nitrogen stress between SN196 and Toyonishiki, with 1 up-regulated and 4 down-regulated at the transcription level. Distributions of low nitrogen responsive genes on chromosomes were different in two rice varieties.

Full-length transcripts facilitates Portunus trituberculatus genome structure annotation

Portunus trituberculatus is an ide al model for elucidating crustacean genetic networks.Here we combined single molecule real-time(SMRT)sequencing and Illumina RNA-seq to characterize the coding genes,non-coding RNAs and pseudogenes and further to improve the genome annotation information of P.tritub erculatus.In this study,we assembled 9694 non-redundancy full-length transcripts,and 658737307-bp repetitive sequences were identified in the P.trituberculatus full-length transcriptome.We also predicted the P.tritub erculatus genome structure based on full-length transcripts,including 18602 genes,28686 non-coding RNAs,1407 pseudogenes,740 motif,and 26434 domain.Meanwhile,14460,10211,5412,7314,and 14448 genes had significant matches with sequences in the NR,KOG,GO,KEGG,and TrEMBL database,respectively.Overall,our work firstly provided the long-read transcriptome and we believed that these data are very necessary to improve the annotation information of P.trituberculatus genome structure,and useful information for the future studies on evolution and physiological regulation of P.trituberculatus.

决策会议智能化管理系统的设计与应用

针对传统决策会议管理模式效率低等原因,建立了流程驱动的决策会议智能化管理系统,设计了满足会议信息安全保密的网络拓扑结构,提出了基于深度神经网络的语音识别技术,确保了语音模型内容的安全与保密。通过嵌入短信推送模块,精准提醒参会人员列席上会议题事项。采用语音实时转录技术和定制会议纪要模板,提高了会议记录、纪要的时效性,大幅提升了会议效能。

梵汉对音中的一个特殊现象

本文在时贤研究的基础上,对梵汉对音中的一个特殊现象进行了新的论证,文章利用汉语的同源字、联绵词、方言材 料、梵汉对音材料、汉藏同源词以及越南汉字音材料去探讨古汉语塞音声母与鼻音声母的密切关系,以说明中唐以后这种特殊的对音现 象乃反映鼻塞复辅音声母简化的过渡阶段。

Identification of Sheep Endogenous Beta-Retroviruses with Uterus-Specific Expression in the Pregnant Mongolian Ewe

The sheep genome harbours approximately 20 copies of endogenous beta-retroviruses （enJSRVs）, and circumstantial evidence suggests that enJSRVs might play a role in mammalian reproduction, particularly placental morphogenesis. This study was aimed to assess the expression of mRNAs of an enJSRV and its receptor, HYAL2, in the uterus and conceptuses of Mongolian ewes throughout gestation, using real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and in situ hybridization analysis. The results showed that enJSRV and HYAL2 mRNAs were found to be expressed throughout gestation in the endometrium, chorion, placenta, and conceptus. The enJSRV mRNA was most abundant in the placenta on day 90 of pregnancy, in the endometrium on day 30 and 50, and in the chorion on day 70 and 110. However, HYAL2 mRNA was most abundant in the endometrium on day 30. These differences were all significantly different from each other （P〈0.01）. In situ hybridization showed that enJSRV and HYAL2 mRNAs were specifically expressed in endometrial luminal epithelium and glandular epithelium, trophoblastic giant binucleated cells （BNCs）, endometrial caruncles, placental cotyledons, stroma, trophectoderm, as well as multinucleated syncytia of the placenta and blood vessel endothelial cells. Collectively, little is known about the molecular mechanisms by which trophoblastic differentiation and multinucleated syncytia formation are regulated by enJSRVs. However, the temporal and spatial distributions of enJSRV expression in the uterus and conceptus indicate that differentiation of BNCs and the formation of a multinucleated syncytiotrophoblast involve enJSRV and possibly its cellular receptor, HYAL2. Therefore, enJSRV and HYAL2 appear to play important roles in the female reproductive physiology in this breed of sheep.

Identification and Characterization of Genes Responsible for Drought Tolerance in Rice Mediated by Pseudomonas fluorescens

Drought is one of the major abiotic stresses which adversely affect crop plants limiting growth and yield potential.Structural and functional characterization of drought stress-induced genes has contributed to a better understanding of how plants respond and adapt to the drought stress.In the present study,differential display technique was employed to study the gene expression of rice plants at the reproductive stage that were subjected to drought stress by withholding water,Pseudomonas fluorescens strain(Pf1) treated plants subjected for drought stress by withholding water and control(well-watered).Differentially expressed c DNAs of six genes(COX1,PKDP,b ZIP1,AP2-EREBP,Hsp20 and COC1) were identified,cloned and sequenced.Real-time q PCR analysis showed that all the six genes were upregulated in drought-stressed plants treated with Pf1.This revealed that the remarkable influence of Pf1 colonization leads to drought tolerance at the reproductive stage.These results showed that high levels of gene expression in plants lacking adequate water can be remarkably influenced by Pf1 colonization,which might be a key element for induced systemic tolerance by microbes.

说话人日志中可靠静音模型语音活动检测方法

为了解决传统语音活动检测(VAD)技术分离出的语音段掺杂静音以及帧间频繁跳动产生短语音碎片的问题,提出在说话人日志中能够高效稳定地完成语音活动检测的方法.该方法利用可靠静音模型对语音的区分度高这个特性,通过循环迭代收敛得到稳定划分.建立静音和语音模型,通过帧间连续性原理进行不确定性解码得到帧类属信息,开展低能量短时间语音碎片后处理完成语音活动检测.在富标注说话人日志数据集上测试,实验结果表明,由于对静音模型的描述更加可靠,采用该方法可以减少帧间跳动,减少静音模型对语音的吸收误判,性能比基于子带熵顺序统计滤波(SE-OSF)方法提高明显.

Endoplasmic reticulum stress transducer old astrocyte specifically induced substance contributes to astrogliosis after spinal cord injury

Old astrocyte specifically induced substance （OASIS） is an endoplasmic reticulum （ER） stress transducer specifically expressed in astrocytes and osteoblasts. OASIS regulates the differentiation of neural precursor cells into astrocytes in the central nervous system. This study aimed to elucidate the involvement of ER stress responses stimulated via OASIS in astrogliosis following spinal cord injury. In a mouse model of spinal cord contusion injury, OASIS mRNA and protein expression were evaluated at days 7 and 14. A significant increase in OASIS mRNA on day 7 and an increase in protein on days 7 and 14 was observed in injured spinal cords. Immunostaining on day 7 revealed co-localization of OASIS and astrocytes in the periphery of the injury site. Furthermore, anti-OASIS small interfering RNA （siRNA） was injected at the injury sites on day 5 to elucidate the function of OASIS. Treatment with anti-OASIS siRNA caused a significant decrease in OASIS mRNA on day 7 and protein on days 7 and 14, and was associated with the inhibition of astrogliosis and hindlimb motor function recovery. Results of our study show that OASIS expression synchronizes with astrogliosis and is functionally associated with astrogliosis after spinal cord injury.

云赋能的会议系统

随着云计算、人工智能和物联网的快速发展,人脸识别技术、语音识别技术、声纹识别技术和物联网技术已经能够相对成熟。通过云计算对传统行业的赋能,能够对很多传统产业提供较大的推动力。对于会议系统来说,一方面,物联网技术能够将传统会议系统接入物联网,实现会议系统设备互联,增强感知能力,提高系统可用性和可维护性,集中管理成千上万的会议室将成为可能,即便这些会议室远在千里之外;另一方面,通过人工智能技术云计算对传统会议室赋能,将会议系统带入人工智能时代,会议系统不再是冷冰冰的机器,它终将成为具备AI能力、能感知、可通过语言交流的智慧系统。

再现与升华的体现——柴可夫斯基改编曲《D大调小步舞曲》(K.355)配器分析

钢琴曲的乐队改编包含多种可能性,其中最重要的是编曲者对原作的把握和提升,编曲者可以是原样的改编,也可以是植入自我思维的编创。柴可夫斯基对莫扎特小步舞曲的改编,可以说是将清晰、流畅的古典音乐浓化为"用音乐来讲述娓娓动听的故事"的柴氏语言之作。

Uplink Scheduling for Supporting Real Time Voice Traffc in IEEE 802.16 Backhaul Networks

In this paper we propose simple enhancements to the bandwidth （BW） request messages in IEEE 802.16 for supporting real-time packet voice traffic. Three different BW request formats are proposed, each requiring a different amount of latency information about the buffered packets at the SS. On this basis, packet scheduling schemes are proposed for the BS to make resource allocations for real-time traffic. Our results show that the proposed BW request and scheduling schemes achieve significantly lower packet loss probability than the standard IEEE 802.16 BW request with round robin scheduling. The results further show that there is an optimum point about how much delay information the SS should report to the BS in order to best utilize the uplink resources while the SS provides satisfactory real-time performance for the voice traffic.

Human dental pulp stem cells express many pluripotency regulators and differentiate into neuronal cells

Stem cells were isolated from human dental pulp using an optimized method, in which pulp pieces were digested by enzymes and immobilized to enhance cell outgrowth. Stem cell marker expression was detected by reverse transcription-PCR （RT-PCR）, and differentiation markers were detected by real-time quantitative RT-PCR and immunocytochemistry. Results showed that dental pulp stem cells actively expressed nanog, oct4, nucleostemin slain-l, jmjdla, jmjd2c, and cyclin DI. When stem cells were induced to differentiate into neurons, nucleostemin, nanog, and cyclin D1 expression significantly decreased, whereas expression of neuronal markers, such as microtubule associated protein-2 and neurofilament-heavy, significantly increased. These results suggested that stem cells exited a pluripotent state and entered a neuronal differentiation pathway. In addition, results demonstrated that human dental pulp serves as a reservoir of stem cells that express defined stem cell markers; these cells were easily isolated and were induced to differentiate towards a desired cell lineage.

基于人工智能的广播广告自台监播系统

本文根据当前江苏广播广告的类型和播出流程,针对广告播后检测的需求设计了一个基于人工智能的广告自台监播系统,系统基于音频声纹对比技术检测普通广告,基于语音转写技术检测口播广告,并通过音频分类技术和自然语言处理技术对检测结果进行优化,提供广告播出情况的可视化图表和统计分析数据,实现了全频率、全类型、智能化的广告播后检测。

人工智能语音技术在广电媒体中的应用

为提升广播电视节目制作的效率和质量,分析人工智能语音技术的概念及其在广电媒体中的应用,探讨广电媒体人工智能语音应用平台的设计流程。在具体应用方面,详细介绍文稿唱词系统、虚拟播报系统、内容转写系统及融媒体会议系统的实际应用,旨在为广电媒体的智能化发展提供参考。

Integrated biomarkers in wild crucian carp for early warning of water quality in Hun River, North China

Metabolizing enzymes play important roles in the detoxification of various pollutants in aquatic organisms, thereby they can also be used to provide early-warning signals of environmental risks. Real-time quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction assays were developed to quantify cytochrome P450 1A （CYP1A）, superoxide dismutase （SOD）, glutathione peroxidase （GPx）, catalase （CAT）, and glutathione-S-transferase （GST） in crucian carp （Carassius auratus）. The methods were then used to detect the respective mRNA expression levels in liver tissue in wild crucian carp from the Hun River, North China. CYP1A mRNA expression was significantly up-regulated in fish from stations $5, $6, and $8 （p 〈 0.05）. SOD mRNA expression was significantly down-regulated in downstream areas relative to fish from upstream sites （p 〈 0.05）; GPx and CAT mRNA expression levels were also down-regulated at $9 （p 〈 0.05）. In contrast, GST mRNA expression showed no obvious change between fish collected from up- or downstream areas of the river. Finally, an integrated biomarker response was used to evaluate the integrated impact of pollutants in the Hun River and allow better comprehension of the real toxicological risk of these investigated sites.

Quantitative detection of Cymbidium mosaic virus by real time PCR

The technique of SYBR Green-based quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(real-time RT-PCR)was applied to quantitative detect a 764 bp nucleotide sequence containing total coat protein(cp)gene of Cymbidium mosaic virus(CyMV).The plasmid containing the target sequence was constructed to prepare the standard curve and detect the sensitivity.The standard curve was drawn based on the linear relationship between the logarithm(base 10)of the quantity of target sequence and cycle threshold[C(T)].While the concentration of plasmid DNA falling within the range of 2.6×10^(7)to 2.6×10^(2)copies per tube established a regression equation,y=-0.3583x+10.32,and related coefficient:r^(2)=0.995.The real-time RT-PCR assay for CyMV had a minimum detectable quantity of two copies per tube.The naturally infected samples of Phalaenopsis sp.and the artificially inoculated samples of Arachnis sp.with trace CyMV were quantitatively detected using this method.CyMVin the positive samples of Phalaenopsis sp.and Arachnis sp.was confirmed by DNA sequencing and cp gene homeology blast.The results showed that CyMV extracted from the leaves of orchid in Hangzhou,Zhejiang Province,China,could be derived from Kunming city(KM),Yunnan Province,China.This method characterized by high sensitivity,specificity,and precision is suitable for early diagnosis and quantitative detection of CyMV.

善金二师密咒全浊声母考

善无畏、金刚智和不空是唐代密宗的开创者,他们在中土弘法传教,留下了数量巨大、可供梵汉对音研究的梵汉密咒。前贤对不空的研究比较深入,而善、金二师相关的研究尚属空白。文章通过收集和整理善、金二师的对音材料,进而探讨二师全浊声母的音值。