Repeat HIV Testing and Incident Rates among Individuals Attending Voluntary Counseling and Testing Clinics in Wuxi, China： A Retrospective Study

Objective We aimed to elucidate the rates of repeat HIV testing and incident HIV diagnosis, and baseline CD4^＋ T cell count among individuals attending HIV voluntary counseling and testing （VCT） clinics in Wuxi, China. Methods A repeat HIV testing within 12 months was recorded if individuals had their first test with negative results, during 2013-2014 and retested within 12 months. An incident HIV diagnosis was recorded if individuals had their first test with negative results, during 2013-2015 and had a subsequent positive result at any point by the end of 2015. Data on HIV testing and diagnosis among individuals attending 32 VCT clinics from 2013 to 2015 and HIV diagnosis from other clinical services in Wuxi, China, were retrieved. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze factors associated with repeat HIV testing. Cox regression was used to evaluate factors associated with incident HIV diagnosis. Results From 2013 to 2014, 11,504 individuals tested HIV negative at their first recorded test, with 655 （5.7%） retesting within 12 months. Higher repeat HIV testing within 12 months was associated with male gender [adjusted odds ratio （a OR） = 1.7, 95% confidence interval （CI）： 1.4-2.2], risk behaviors [commercial heterosexual behaviors （a OR = 1.4, CI： 1.1-1.6）, male-male sexual behaviors （a OR = 3.7, CI： 2.7-4.9）], injection drug use （a OR = 9.9, CI： 6.5-15.1）, and having taken HIV tests previously （a OR = 2.0, CI： 1.6-2.4）. From 2013 to 2015, 1,088 individuals tested negative on HIV test at their visit and at ≥ 2 subsequent tests; of them 30 had incident HIV diagnosis. The overall rate of incident HIV diagnosis among all VCT individuals was 1.6 （95% CI： 1.1-2.1） per 100 person-years. Incident HIV diagnosis was associated with male gender [adjusted hazard ratio （a HR） = 8.5, 95% CI： 1.9-38.1], attending hospital-based VCT clinics （a HR = 7.8, 95% CI： 1.1-58.3）, and male-male sexual behavior （a HR = 8.4, 95% CI： 1.5-46.7）. Individuals diagnosed at VCT clinics had higher CD4＋ T cell count compared with those diagnosed at other clinical services （median 407 vs. 326 copies/mm3, P = 0.003）. Conclusion VCT individuals in Wuxi, China, had a low repeat HIV testing rate and high HIV incidence. VCT-clinic-based interventions aimed at increasing repeat HIV testing are needed to detect more cases at an earlier stage, especially among individuals at high risk for HIV infection such as men who have sex with men.

Enhancement of motor functional recovery in thoracic spinal cord injury: voluntary wheel running versus forced treadmill exercise

Spinal cord injury necessitates effective rehabilitation strategies, with exercise therapies showing promise in promoting recovery. This study investigated the impact of rehabilitation exercise on functional recovery and morphological changes following thoracic contusive spinal cord injury. After a 7-day recovery period after spinal cord injury, mice were assigned to either a trained group(10 weeks of voluntary running wheel or forced treadmill exercise) or an untrained group. Bi-weekly assessments revealed that the exercise-trained group, particularly the voluntary wheel exercise subgroup, displayed significantly improved locomotor recovery, more plasticity of dopaminergic and serotonin modulation compared with the untrained group. Additionally, exercise interventions led to gait pattern restoration and enhanced transcranial magnetic motor-evoked potentials. Despite consistent injury areas across groups, exercise training promoted terminal innervation of descending axons. In summary, voluntary wheel exercise shows promise for enhancing outcomes after thoracic contusive spinal cord injury, emphasizing the role of exercise modality in promoting recovery and morphological changes in spinal cord injuries. Our findings will influence future strategies for rehabilitation exercises, restoring functional movement after spinal cord injury.

Acceptability of HIV Testing and Counseling by Antenatal Clients of a Tertiary Institution in Northern Nigeria

Background: HIV testing and counseling (HTC) plays a central role in specific prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) interventions, as these interventions depend on the woman knowing her HIV status. Over ninety percent of HIV infection in children is acquired through mother-to-child transmission. Objectives: This study assessed pregnant women’s knowledge of HIV/AIDS, their awareness of HIV testing and counseling, and compared the uptake of HTC to the previously practiced voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) in a teaching hospital in northern Nigeria. Materials and Methods: A pre-tested, structured interview questionnaire was administered on a cross-section survey of 270 antenatal clients in Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital (ABUTH), Nigeria. Information about knowledge of HIV/AIDS and attitude towards HTC was elicited among respondents. Results: Eighty-nine percent of respondents were aware of HIV/AIDS.?The knowledge of route of disease transmission was high, with 87.4% and 81.1% of studyparticipants mentioning sexual activity and mother-to-child transmission, respectively. Majority of respondents (98.9%) were aware of HTC and approved of it (91.1%) while 7.8% declined and the remaining 1.1% were undecided. Fourteen percent of respondents didn’t approve of retesting in labour. Sixty-eight percent of respondents were aware of interventions to prevent mother-to-child transmission of HIV. Switching from VCT to HTC has dramatically improved the uptake of testing from 78.9% in 2006 to 91.1% in 2012. Conclusion: Routine HIV testing and counseling is more acceptable than voluntary counseling and testing among antenatal clients. Although the awareness and uptake of HTC were quite high among the antenatal clients, there is still a need to intensify health education and incorporate husbands into the counseling session when necessary to convince the remaining minority who are still ignorant of the benefits of HTC.

Voluntary wheel running ameliorated the deleterious effects of high-fat diet on glucose metabolism,gut microbiota and microbial-associated metabolites

Exercise training is critical for the early prevention and treatment of obesity and diabetes mellitus.However,the mechanism with gut microbiota and fecal metabolites underlying the effects of voluntary wheel running on high-fat diet induced abnormal glucose metabolism has not been fully elaborated.C57BL/6 male mice were randomly assigned to 4 groups according to diets(fed with normal chow diet or high-fat diet)and running paradigm(housed in static cage or with voluntary running wheel).An integrative 16S rDNA sequencing and metabolites profiling was synchronously performed to characterize the effects of voluntary wheel running on gut microbiota and metabolites.It showed that voluntary wheel running prevented the detrimental effects of high-fat feeding on glucose metabolism 16S rDNA sequencing showed remarkable changes in Rikenella and Marvinbryantia genera.Metabolic profiling indicated multiple altered metabolites,which were enriched in secondary bile acid biosynthesis signaling.In conclusion,our study indicated that voluntary wheel running significantly improved glucose metabolism and counteracted the deleterious effects of high-fat feeding on body weight and glucose intolerance.We further found that voluntary wheel running could integratively program gut microbiota composition and fecal metabolites changes,and may regulate muricholic acid metabolism and secondary bile acid biosynthesis in high-fat fed mice.

Effect of Extending Voluntary Waiting Period on Health of Holstein Friesian Dairy Cows

The aim of this of this experimental study to investigate the effect of 3 voluntary waiting periods (VWP) on health of dairy cows. A total of 100 lactations of 100 Holstein Friesian cows with high milk production (average 9.442 ± 620 kg) were randomly (based on the ear tags digits of cows) distributed to 1 to 3 experimental groups with VWP of 50 (VWPG50;n = 32), 100 (VWPG100;n = 34) or 150 days (VWPG150;n = 34). Observations relating to diseases of the cows were made by the farm veterinarian and research personnel. Were defined eight disease: puerperal fever, retained fetal membranes, displaced abomasum, metritis, clinical ketosis, clinical mastitis, ovarian cysts, and claw diseases. The experimental days (ED) were from 4 days in milk (DIM) to 100 days after the next calving. The experiment was managed at Dairy Research Farm ?imnic-Craiova January 2018 to December 2022. A clear set of clinical signs were used to define a case at the diseases without the need for laboratory confirmation. Values of Lactational incidence risk (LIR) median postpartum days at diagnosis and pairwise comparison of proportion between VWPs were calculated. LIR for puerperal fiver, retained fetal membranes, displaced abomasum, clinical ketosis, clinical mastitis, ovarian cysts and claw disease were 4;5;2;8;8;and 4% respectively. Numerically, cows with VWP of 100 and150 days had more disease cases compared with VWP of 50 days. The differences between experimental groups of cows regarding proportions of cows with disease cases were not statistically significant. Any of the eight disorders reported in this study was analyzed independently to other health problems. For all enrolled cows (n = 100) VWP was extended until 100 or 150 days postpartum with no effect on the lactational incidence risk for the eight disorders analyzed.

Factors Associated with Voluntary Cosmetic Depigmentation in Schools in the Collines Department (Benin)

Skin depigmentation is a worrying practice that is gaining popularity, particularly among young girls. However, this practice poses health risks. It also reflects a negative view of black skin color. This was a cross-sectional study carried out between April and May 2023 which involved 1039 female students from schools and universities in the Collines department selected by stratified sampling. Data was collected during a face-to-face interview using a questionnaire providing information on the demographic, socio-cultural, and economic characteristics of the girls. The depigmentation products used were identified as well as the complications caused by the use of these products. Statistical analysis made it possible to calculate the frequencies and logistic regression made it possible to identify the factors associated with depigmentation. The prevalence of depigmentation among the girls surveyed was 78.2%. The main products used were soaps based on mercurial derivative and hydroquinone (21.6%) and lotions based on hydroquinone and corticosteroids (75.7%). The factors associated with the practice of depigmentation were the ethnicity of the respondents (OR = 2.52;95% CI = [0.47 - 13.33], p = 0.001);the average monthly income of the parents (OR = 3.26;95% CI = [1.71 - 6.09], p = 0.003);the opinion of the respondents on depigmentation (OR = 2.48;95% CI = [0.84 - 7.3], p < 0.001) and the value given to light skin versus black skin (OR = 3.41;95% CI = [2.32 - 5.01], p < 0.001). In conclusion, the prevalence of depigmentation among the girls surveyed is high. Consequently, reinforced awareness measures and stricter control of bleaching products are imperative to address this high prevalence of the phenomenon.

农村集体经济组织成员退出补偿规则研究

农村集体经济组织成员退出农村集体经济组织丧失成员身份,将不再享有成员权。基于农村集体所有权是农村集体所有制的法律实现形式,农村集体经济组织是农村集体所有权的实现主体,农村集体经济组织成员是农村集体财产利益的最终享有者,《农村集体经济组织法》确立了农村集体经济组织成员退出补偿规则。《农村集体经济组织法》中农村集体经济组织成员退出补偿规则的内容较为粗略,以致在补偿标准、补偿方式、补偿决策制度和成员退出的风险防范等方面均面临实践的挑战,应当系统解读其中与成员退出相关的法律规范,确立成员退出的补偿标准,明晰成员退出的补偿方式,细化成员退出补偿方案的民主决策制度,建立成员退出补偿规则实施的风险防范机制,以化解成员退出补偿的实践难题。

碳配额所有权解释进路下的碳排放权研究

我国对碳排放权概念的使用经历了从经济学语境拓展到法学语境的过程。碳排放权的本来面目是经济学上的产权。若将其代入法学语境,碳排放权的性质应为法律权利的客体,地位相当于碳配额。目前法学上将碳排放权作为一项法律权利进行诠释可能会造成该概念理解上的混乱和实际应用上的困难。基于我国碳交易制度的实践,以碳配额作为权利客体,以权利人对碳配额的占有(持有)、使用(排放)、处分(转让、设立担保)等为权利内容的碳配额所有权对制度更有解释力和指引力。若将碳排放权视为排放碳的权利,则行使碳排放权实质上就是运用碳配额所有权的使用权能。碳配额所有权具有广义的政策性,以“行政本质、民法路径”为特点,以减排目标的实现为根本遵循,是以实行公法义务为目的的工具性权利,区别于作为目的性权利的传统民事权利。碳配额所有权的成立以配额的界定为前提,碳配额、核证自愿减排量的界定依赖碳排放量和减排量的检测和认定,基于此,行政机关应对数据质量进行严格监管。

Development and Management Status of Voluntary Observing Ships in China

Voluntary observing ship （VOS） observations are international obligations that must be fulfilled by China. Currently, the number of Chinese VOSs is showing a decreasing trend, which has decreased from more than one hundred ships in the past to the current number of thirty something ships. Moreover, the observation capabilities have many existing problems, such as relatively outdated observation measures, simple observation parameters, and lack of observation data. Fundamentally speaking, the operation mechanism of VOSs lacks effective systematic assurance and protection. Consequently, these VOSs are unable to have sufficient operational capabilities and cannot effectively fulfill their international obligations.

自主运动对小鼠海马分子表达特征影响:基于GEO数据库基因表达谱分析

背景:海马体对认知功能至关重要,运动有望提升认知并缓解认知衰退,然而其分子机制尚不明了。生物信息学通过分析运动对海马体分子表达的影响,从而揭示关键机制,为理解运动如何促进认知及制定干预策略提供新的视角。目的:采用生物信息学方法深入分析自主运动干预对小鼠海马组织基因表达谱的影响,通过研究差异表达基因的生物学功能及其潜在的调控网络,揭示运动对海马体神经功能调控的分子机制。方法:通过美国国立生物技术信息中心NCBI创建并维护的基因表达综合数据库(GEO)获取自主运动干预小鼠海马组织的基因表达微阵列数据集(GSE42904和GSE29075),随后采用R语言中的Limma和DESeq2包进行严格的差异基因分析,并借助ggplot2包绘制火山图直观展示分析结果;通过FunRich软件识别共同的差异表达基因;利用R语言中的clusterProfiler包进行基因本体论和京都基因与基因组百科全书通路富集分析;通过在线分析工具STRING对差异表达基因进行蛋白-蛋白相互作用网络分析;应用Cytoscape软件进一步筛选核心靶点。结果与结论:(1)在GSE42904数据集中,自主运动干预导致小鼠海马体123个基因存在差异,它们主要参与节律过程、糖基化等基因本体论生物过程,并涉白细胞介素17、钙、乙醇等多条京都基因与基因组百科全书信号通路,蛋白-蛋白相互作用网络确定的关键枢纽基因包括Npy、Mapk3、Mapk11和Chgb等;(2)GSE29075数据集中,自主运动引起小鼠海马455个差异基因表达,它们主要参与细胞投射组织的正调控、凋亡负调控信号等基因本体论生物过程,并在神经退行性疾病相关通路显著富集,蛋白-蛋白相互作用网络确定的关键枢纽基因包括Eed、Bptf和Nedd8等;(3)提示自主运动可以显著调节小鼠海马中Chrm1、Eed、Npy、Mapk3、Mapk11和Map2k1等关键基因表达,这些基因可能在神经退行性疾病、钙信号传导等生物学过程中起着核心的调控作用,自主运动可能通过影响神经发生和突触可塑性来促进认知功能。

济宁地区无偿献血人群HBV感染现状调查及影响因素分析

目的调查济宁地区无偿献血人群乙型肝炎病毒(hepatitis B virus,HBV)感染现状,并分析其影响因素。方法选取2022年9月—2023年9月济宁地区无偿献血者共计21863名,均接受HBV感染标志物检测,统计HBV感染情况,并进行单因素分析与多因素logistic回归分析以明确无偿献血人群HBV感染的危险因素。结果在21863名无偿献血者中,共有108例检测出HBV感染阳性,感染率为0.49%。感染组男性、高中及以下文化程度、未接种乙肝疫苗、乙肝家族史、不安全性行为、输血史、洗牙/拔牙/补牙史占比高于未感染组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,未接种乙肝疫苗(OR=3.048)、乙肝家族史(OR=3.619)、不安全性行为(OR=2.937)、输血史(OR=3.458)是济宁地区无偿献血人群HBV感染的独立影响因素(P<0.05)。结论济宁地区无偿献血人群具有一定的HBV感染风险,这与未接种乙肝疫苗、乙肝家族史、不安全性行为、输血史相关,应针对上述因素制订科学预防措施,减少HBV感染。

低频脉冲磁场慢性暴露对健康成年股四头肌收缩力及形态的影响

背景:目前已有关于低频脉冲磁场对骨骼肌结构形态影响研究发现了骨骼肌质量变化,但对接受慢性暴露后的形态变化未见相关研究。目的:观察低频脉冲磁场慢性暴露对腿部股四头肌最大自主收缩力与形态指标的影响,为使用该技术作为肌肉功能改善策略提供组织形态变化的参考依据。方法:招募普通健康受试者70名,随机分为接受磁场刺激的试验组与进行假治疗的对照组,每组35名,试验时长共计4周,试验组受试者每隔48 h进行1次15 min的低频脉冲磁刺激干预,对照组进行假治疗,干预间隔与时长与试验组一致,干预4周后观察不同组别受试者股四头肌最大自主收缩力值变化,利用B型超声影像作为评估手段,观察肌肉厚度、肌肉横截面积及羽状角指标的变化。结果与结论:①经过4周的低频脉冲磁场慢性暴露,68名受试者完成试验,试验组受试者股四头肌最大自主收缩力测试值显著增长(P=0.000),提升幅度显著高于对照组(P=0.008);②试验组受试者的肌肉形态3项指标均显著高于试验前测(P=0.000),而对照组肌肉厚度指标呈显著性下降(P=0.020),羽状角无显著性变化,横截面积显著性提升(P=0.000);③组间对比发现,试验组关于肌肉形态的肌肉厚度(P=0.012)、羽状角(P=0.003)及横截面积(P=0.049)3项指标均显著高于对照组;④上述数据证实,健康成年受试者经过4周的低频脉冲磁场慢性暴露,股四头肌的最大自主收缩力显著提升,同时观察到试验组的肌肉厚度、横截面积及羽状角3项肌肉形态指标的显著增长,对使用该技术作为肌肉改善的运动替代与医疗策略提供了肌组织形态改善的支持依据。

碳普惠制的实践检视与立法完善

碳普惠制是促进社会全面绿色转型的必要制度手段,属于生活消费端的自愿碳减排激励机制。从碳普惠的参与主体范围、行为类型、价值转化方式以及管理与监督等方面考察各省市实践发现,我国碳普惠制存在立法缺失、主体范围不清晰、行为缺乏界定标准、价值转化方式体系化不足等问题。对此,有必要构建央地协同的碳普惠法律规范体系,通过拓宽碳普惠的参与主体类型、厘清碳普惠行为的边界、建立多元互通的价值转化体系来完善碳普惠制的内部要件,并通过建立碳普惠技术研发鼓励与支持机制、拓展资金来源渠道、强化数据安全风险监控以及创新宣传推广机制等措施来健全碳普惠制的外部保障体系。

值班律师制度的省思与重构

值班律师对于保障被追诉人认罪自愿性具有关键作用,是认罪认罚制度实施的正当性前提。近些年关于值班律师的规范性法律文件,实质上是一部值班律师权利不断发展的历史,可管窥值班律师在制度设计上的日臻完善,但分析实践却折射出值班律师存在角色异化、办案模式单一、审前中心主义的倾向,使得值班律师并未起到实质性保障被追诉人权利的作用。应认真对待值班律师权利落实的实践属性,重申值班律师的功能定位,更新传统的工作模式,及时实现值班律师的权利关照,可通过“师徒型”公益法律援助完善值班律师运行机制,从而为被追诉人提供有效的法律帮助。

烟台地区无偿献血血费返还情况的调查与分析

目的分析无偿献血者及其受益人血费返还的总体发展趋势,为烟台地区无偿献血事业持续发展提供理论支持。方法回顾性调查2019—2023年烟台地区的无偿献血血费返还情况,按照年度分别对献血人次、血费报销人次、血费报销金额、报销方式和类型进行统计分析。结果5年间血费报销人次和金额增长明显,用血报销人次在献血人次中的比例在逐年增长;血费报销方式发生转变,逐渐形成“医疗机构直接减免为主、网上申请减免为辅、血站窗口报销托底”的临床用血费用减免服务新模式。结论血费返还人次和金额在近几年大幅增长,血费报销工作将面临人力财力的双重压力,建议血费返还的各级部门及时调整人员配置、采取合理的人才评估与激励机制,同时地方财政适当增加无偿献血血费返还的预算支出以促进无偿献血的良性发展。

健康教育对适龄妇女“两癌”检查意愿性干预的效果

乳腺癌和宫颈癌作为女性最常见的恶性肿瘤,严重威胁着女性的生命健康。近年来,随着健康意识的提升和医疗技术的进步,早期筛查成为预防和控制“两癌”的重要手段。然而,由于多种因素的影响,适龄妇女对“两癌”筛查的认知不足,参与意愿性较低。文章旨在综述健康教育对适龄妇女“两癌”检查意愿性干预的效果,探讨其重要性及实施策略,为提高“两癌”筛查率提供参考。

菏泽市无偿献血人群流失现状及影响因素分析

目的分析菏泽市无偿献血人群流失现状,对其影响因素进行总结分析,为无偿献血宣传招募工作提供参考。方法回顾性分析2020年1月至2024年3月菏泽市332373名无偿献血人群的基本资料,统计献血者年龄、性别、文化程度及职业分布情况,随访献血者重复献血情况,采用Logistic回归分析无偿献血人群流失的影响因素。随机抽取300名献血流失者进行电话随访,了解无偿献血人群的流失原因。结果性别、年龄、文化程度及职业是无偿献血者重复献血行为的独立影响因素(P<0.05)。电话随访显示,工作繁忙是无偿献血人群流失的最主要原因,其他原因依次为献血地点与时间不便、献血不良反应、不了解献血地点等。结论菏泽市无偿献血人群的流失与年龄、性别、文化程度及职业等有关,高学历、职业稳定、男性是无偿献血招募的重点人群,同时应加强无偿献血的宣传教育,优化无偿献血环境条件,消除献血者的担忧与顾虑,以减少献血人群的流失。

2020-2022年临沂市无偿献血人群特征及血液检测结果回顾性分析

目的分析2020—2022年临沂市无偿献血人群特征及血液检测结果,为更有效地推动无偿献血工作提供科学依据。方法收集2020—2022年临沂市中心血站信息管理系统无偿献血者血液(全血)检测资料292941份,比较不同年份、性别、年龄段、职业、学历、献血次数无偿献血者血液检测情况。结果2020、2021、2022年无偿献血者血液样本总不合格率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。各年间无偿献血者谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、乙肝表面抗原(HBsAg)、丙型肝炎病毒抗体(抗-HCV)、梅毒螺旋体抗体(抗-TP)、人类免疫缺陷病毒抗体(抗-HIV)不合格率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。男性无偿献血者3年血液样本总不合格率为1.56%,女性无偿献血者为0.88%,二者比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。男性无偿献血者ALT、HBsAg不合格率均高于女性无偿献血者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。女性无偿献血者抗-TP不合格率比男性无偿献血者略高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。男性、女性无偿献血者抗-HCV、抗-HIV不合格率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。不同年龄段无偿献血者血液样本总不合格率及各项目不合格率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。不同职业无偿献血者血液样本总不合格率及各项目不合格率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。不同学历无偿献血者血液样本总不合格率及ALT、HBsAg、抗-TP不合格率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。重复无偿献血者3年血液样本总不合格率及各项目不合格率均低于首次无偿献血者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论2020—2022临沂市无偿献血人群分布特征为男性明显多于女性、主要集中在36~45岁年龄段、主力人群职业为工人,农民和学生、学历以专科层次为主。无偿献血人群血液检测特点为:男性ALT不合格率明显高于女性、36~45岁年龄段总不合格率和各项目不合格率均最高、学生人群总不合格率最低、学历越高不合格率越低、重复献血者比首次献血者不合格率低。

血费报销对无偿献血的影响及其激励措施分析

目的分析血费报销对无偿献血的影响,探讨无偿献血激励措施,提高群众献血的积极性。方法通过穿越Pass Spring System采供血软件收集烟台市中心血站2018—2023年血费报销和无偿献血的相关数据并进行统计分析。结果2018—2023年用血报销共7673人次;其中,献血者本人用血报销占13.72%,亲属用血报销占86.28%,亲属用血报销是献血者本人用血报销的6倍,用血报销人次呈持续上涨趋势,由2018年的976人次上升至2023年的1737人次,增长了77.97%。2019年以前无偿献血人次和献血量稳步增长,2020年以后有所下降,用血报销人次和报销血量与献血比较所占比率总体呈上升趋势。报销血费后的献血者再次参加无偿献血的比例由2018的52.09%上升至2023年的63.31%,呈逐年上升趋势。结论“以献血者为中心”,不断优化有利于献血者的激励措施,最大限度地惠及无偿献血者,可以激发群众献血的积极性,增加献血者的回头率,促进无偿献血事业的健康可持续发展。

新媒体使用如何影响农村居民自愿垃圾分类行为——有调节的中介模型与QCA方法

文章基于国家生态文明试验区(江西)农村居民的调研数据,构建有调节的中介效应模型,探究新媒体使用对农村居民不同类型自愿垃圾分类行为的影响机制。研究表明:新媒体使用仅能直接促进农村居民自愿垃圾分类素养行为和自愿公民型分类行为,但对其自愿人际型分类行为没有显著直接影响;社会网络和社会信任在新媒体使用对农村居民自愿垃圾分类素养行为的影响中均发挥正向调节作用,社会网络在新媒体使用与农村居民自愿人际型垃圾分类行为间发挥负向调节效应;生态价值观在新媒体使用对农村居民不同类型自愿垃圾分类行为影响中均具有中介作用;数字素养能够强化生态价值观在新媒体使用与三种类型自愿垃圾分类行为之间的传递作用。进一步地,模糊集定性比较分析(fsQCA)结果表明,分别存在驱动农村居民不同类型自愿垃圾分类行为的多条等效路径,并且不同类型自愿垃圾分类行为的实现路径不同。