Regulating and tonifying spleen and kidney traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of chronic uric acid nephropathy: A systematic review

Objective:To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of traditional Chinese medicine for regulating spleen and kidney.Methods:We developed a search strategy and then retrieved the database including CNKI,Wanfang data knowledge service platform,VIP journals resource integration service platform,PubMed,Embasefor randomized controlled trial of regulating spleen and kidney traditional Chinese medicine compared with conventional western medicine in the treatment of chronic uric acid nephropathy.The search deadline was set to June 30,2020.For the included literature,we applied the cochrane collaboration network risk bias assessment tool to evaluate the methodological quality,and evaluated the level of evidence according to GRADE standards.Quantitative data was analyzed by RevMan5.3 software,and trial sequential analysis method was used to analyze its efficiency.Results:A total of 709 cases in 10 articles were included.Compared with the control group,the related traditional Chinese medicine group improved the effective rate[RR=1.45,95%CI(1.32,1.58)],reduced the level of UA[MD=-36.24,95%CI(-41.03,-31.45)],BUN[SMD=-1.27,95%CI(-1.47,-1.07)]and SCR[MD=-36.33,95%CI(-55.79,-16.87),P=0.0003],the difference between the two groups was statistically significant(P<0.05).There was no evidence that a significant adverse reaction occurred.The results of TSA analysis showed that the Chinese medicine group had definite evidence for improving the efficiency.According to the GRADE evaluation criteria,the efficiency,UA,BUN and SCR outcome indicators were extremely low-quality evidence.Conclusions:Traditional Chinese medicine for regulating spleen and kidney in the treatment of chronic uric acid nephropathy improved efficiency,reduced the level of UA,BUN,SCR.Meanwhile,the therapy was proved to be safe.Nevertheless,the conclusions need further high-quality evidence to support.

Summary and Prospect of Treating Ulcerative Colitis by Warming the Kidney and Strengthening the Spleen

The method of warming the kidney and strengthening the spleen is widely used in the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC) with significant curative effect.This paper reviews the relevant literature in recent years.

Theoretical Discussion on Treatment of Cubital Tunnel Syndrome Based on Theory of Liver,Spleen and Kidney

Cubital tunnel syndrome is a disease in which ulnar nerve is compressed by its surrounding tissues,and its main clinical manifestations are pain,sensory disturbance and dyskinesia.Its incidence rate is the second highest among peripheral nerve entrapment diseases,and it is one of the common clinical diseases.The theory of liver,spleen and kidney can guide the treatment of cubital tunnel syndrome with traditional Chinese medicine and acupuncture.By discussing the traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)pathogenesis and treatment principles of cubital tunnel syndrome,it provides modern medical theoretical support for TCM treatment of cubital tunnel syndrome.

Tonifying Kidney, Lung, and Spleen Combined with Western Medicine for Stable Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Systematic Review

Introduction:This study aimed to evaluate the clinical effectiveness and safety of tonifying kidney,lung,and spleen(TKLS)combined with Western medicine for stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD).Materials and Methods:Randomized controlled trials(RCTs)of TKLS for stable COPD were searched from four databases including Pub Med,the Cochrane Library,China Biology Medicine,and China National Knowledge Infrastructure from inception to December 2017.Two reviewers independently screened the literature,extracted the data,and assessed the risk of bias in the included studies.Rev Man5.3 software was used for meta-analysis.Results:Fourteen RCTs involving 1339 patients with stable COPD were included.Five of the included articles described the specific method of randomization,1 of them was double-blind method research,and 1 of them was single-blind method research.Compared with the conventional Western medicine(CWM)group,the use of TKLS,if combined with CWM demonstrated significantly improved effective rate(relative risk=1.25,95%confidence interval[CI]:1.18–1.33,P<0.00001),decreased traditional Chinese medicine syndrome score(mean difference[MD]-5.72,95%CI:-8.31 to-3.14,P<0.0001),Decreased St George's Respiratory Questionnaire total score(MD-7.39,95%CI:-10.46 to-4.31,P<0.00001),increased 6-min walk distance in meters(MD 78.46,95%CI:60.18–96.73,P<0.00001),increased forced expiratory volume 1%(MD 6.49,95%CI:3.64–9.33,P<0.00001),increased CD4(MD 9.84,95%CI:6.73–12.94,P<0.00001),CD8(MD-1.84,95%CI:-3.62 to-0.06,P=0.04)and CD4/CD8(MD 0.26,95%CI:0.20–0.32,P<0.0001),and increased immunoglobulin M(MD 0.15,95%CI:0.10–0.20 P<0.00001)..Conclusions:For stable COPD,TKLS combined with CWM is superior to CWM alone with regard to clinical effectiveness,symptoms,and quality of life.The above conclusion needs to be validated by further well-designed,multicentric,large-scale,double-blinded RCTs.

Study of Different Patterns of Immuno-Modulatory Mechanism byTonifying Kidney and Invigorating Spleen Drugs

Objective: To observe the acting pattern on the immune system by Kidney tonifying (KT) drugs. Methods: Three composite recipes were used on the 7- and 14-day corticosterone rat model to study the effect of recipes on the different patterns of immuno-modulatory and neuro- endocrinological systems. Results:The immune system of Spleen Invigorating(SI) group was well protected in either 7- or 14-day experiments,with the SI recipe showing no effect on the neuroendocrine system. It suggested that SI recipe might have direct action on immune system. On the other hand, KT group with no effect on neuroendocrine-immune (NEI) system in 7-day experiment, but showed a remarkable protective effect of the whole NEI system in 14-day experiment. Conclusion: The results indicated that KT recipe acts on the neuroendocrine system first, and then influence the immune system. It means that the action took place through down pathway of NEI network.

Warm needling moxibustion versus electroacupuncture for simple obesity due to yang deficiency of the spleen and kidney: a controlled clinical trial

Objective: To compare the therapeutic efficacy between warm needling moxibustion and electroacupuncture (EA) in the treatment of simple obesity due to yang deficiency of the spleen and kidney. Methods: Seventy patients with simple obesity due to yang deficiency of the spleen and kidney were randomly divided into a warm needling moxibustion group and an EA group, with 35 subjects in each group. Same major acupoints were selected for the two groups, including Shuifen (CV 9), Guanyuan (CV 4), Daheng (SP 15), Shuidao (ST 28), Shousanli (LI 10), Zusanli (ST 36), Sanyinjiao (SP 6) and Taixi (KI 3). The warm needling moxibustion group received warm needling moxibustion, while the EA group received EA treatment. The interventions were performed once every other day, with 15 treatments as one course. The therapeutic efficacy, body weight and body mass index (BMI) were then observed and compared. Results: The total effective rate in the warm needling moxibustion group was 85.7% versus 77.1% in the EA group, and the between-group difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The warm needling moxibustion was remarkably superior to the EA in weight loss and lowering BMI, both with statistical significance (P<0.05, P<0.01). At the three-month follow-up, the body weight and BMI further decreased in the warm needling moxibustion group (both P<0.05), and the levels were lower than those in the EA group (P<0.05, P<0.01). Conclusion: Warm needling moxibustion can produce reliable and consistent efficacy in the treatment of simple obesity due to yang deficiency of the spleen and kidney. Compared with EA, warm needling moxibustion shows advantage in both short-term and long-term efficacies, and thus is worth promotion in clinical practice.

刘小斌运用麻附细辛汤合甘草干姜汤加减治疗先天性肌无力综合征经验

先天性肌无力综合征(congenital myasthenia syndrome,CMS)为临床罕见的遗传性肌病。CMS患者虽与重症肌无力患者的症状相似,均有肌无力、易疲劳等症,但CMS为先天禀赋不足疾病,以肾元亏损为本,而重症肌无力为后天失养疾病,故在辨治侧重上有所区别。刘小斌教授认为,CMS的中医病机特点为“先天不足,肾元亏损”“脾胃虚损,五脏相关”,属于中医“痿病”范畴;根据患者不易出汗、舌淡红苔白、脉细的病症表现,可辨为脾肾阳虚兼寒邪束表证(少阴太阴兼太阳证);治疗可采用温阳补肾、健脾益损法,常以麻附细辛汤合甘草干姜汤加减,可酌加桑螵蛸、紫河车等益精养血之品,可获显效。

巢国俊应用“扶阳消阴,培本通络”法治疗视网膜色素变性经验

介绍巢国俊教授诊治视网膜色素变性临床验案。阳气为人之根本,视网膜色素变性患者本质为脾肾阳虚,阳虚气化不足导致阴邪内生,阴盛则寒,内生阴邪加之外寒之邪,寒性凝滞,进而影响阳气的通达及气血的运行,气血不能到达、濡养视网膜周边,故有夜盲之象。临床诊治视网膜色素变性应当以阴阳为纲,补虚扶本,兼顾气血,遵循“病在阳者,扶阳抑阴”,先温补脾肾之阳,固守先后天之本,扶阳消阴,散邪通络,阳气通达,阴实消散,气血畅通,则视物夜盲改善。

王济华治疗风湿病经验

王济华教授认为,风湿病的基本病机为人体阴阳失调,正气亏虚,外感风寒湿邪,表邪入里郁而化热,导致痹阻关节、肌肉、筋骨,病情日久多见肝肾不足、气血亏虚、脾虚湿胜、痰瘀交阻等。王教授治疗风湿病常个体化分辨患者风寒湿之偏重、阴阳气血之盛衰,遵循轻微解表发汗,兼顾温经止痛,重视健脾化湿、热痹当清、调补气血、虫类药化瘀剔络、滋补肝肾等治痹要点,组方精妙、配伍严谨、疗效肯定,可有效缓解关节炎症,减轻症状,改善患者生活质量。王济华教授强调,对于沉寒痼冷痹阻络脉,一般温药不能奏效,必用附子、乌头之品,用药时需要注重辨证准确、炮制方法得当、用量适度,且需在正确配伍的前提下间断运用,密切观察,以防蓄积中毒,而达到增效减毒的目的。

国医大师林天东基于“肾主生殖,脾主运化”理论治疗少弱精子症经验

少弱精子症为临床常见病、多发病,是导致男性不育的主要因素之一,可直接或间接影响广大男性的生育能力及生殖健康。国医大师林天东从医50余年,擅长治疗男科、妇科疾病,尤善治不孕不育。国匡大师林天东对于治疗少弱精子症导致的不育症,颇有心得,并积累了丰富且独到的临床经验。林天东教授认为少弱精子症导致的不育症主要病机为脾肾功能失司、肾精亏虚、脾阳虚损,脾阳和肾阳无法互相补养,导致肾气失于温煦,肾精失于濡养,精血化生乏源,精液液化失常从而导致发病。治疗上以补肾益精、温脾益气、种嗣衍宗为法,创立了八味强精汤,意在健脾益肾衍宗,临床收效颇佳,附验案一则加以阐明。

温肾健脾汤加减治疗排卵障碍不孕症患者的效果

目的探讨温肾健脾汤加减治疗排卵障碍不孕症患者的效果。方法将2020年1月—2023年1月在本院治疗的76例排卵障碍不孕症患者随机分为两组,每组38例。对照组使用西医促排治疗;在此基础上,观察组使用温肾健脾汤加减治疗,对比两组的临床疗效、性激素水平、子宫内膜厚度及卵泡发育指标、排卵及妊娠情况。结果观察组治疗有效率明显高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组治疗后卵泡成熟日的FSH及LH水平、子宫内膜厚度、优势卵泡直径均高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组排卵率、妊娠率均高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论温肾健脾汤加减治疗排卵障碍不孕症的效果显著,能促进卵泡发育与成熟,调节血清LH和FSH水平,提高排卵率及妊娠率。

从“温督启阳”理论探讨针灸治疗绝经后骨质疏松症的研究进展

绝经后骨质疏松症以脾肾阳虚居多,针灸疗法在绝经后骨质疏松症的治疗中具有显著优势,针灸通过调理脾肾、温阳督脉功能,达到治疗骨质疏松症的临床目的。笔者通过综述中医学针灸古籍有关绝经后骨质疏松症(postmenopausal osteoporosis,PMOP)的理论溯源,阐释祖国医学中PMOP的病因病机,以现在普通针灸、温针灸、电针、督脉灸、穴位埋线、穴位注射和火针等具体治疗方法,基于“温督启阳”理论从绝经后骨质疏松症的病因病机出发,从“督脉调节全身气血、先后天相互滋生”角度将针灸治疗机制与骨代谢相结合,为针灸治疗绝经后骨质疏松症提供新的治疗思路。

朱辟疆治疗慢性肾小球肾炎经验

慢性肾小球肾炎病程较长,病情缠绵难愈,临床治疗十分棘手。朱辟疆教授从事肾脏疾病诊治工作近50余年,临床经验丰富,朱教授认为本病主要责之脾肾虚损,而瘀血、浊邪、痰湿、毒热等病理因素贯穿病变始终,治疗注重温补脾肾为主,兼顾清利湿热、活血祛瘀、解毒祛浊之法,注重预防和调护工作,避免疾病的复发,在临床获效颇丰。

健脾益肾温阳法对妊娠早期亚临床甲状腺功能减退症TSH、TP0-Ab影响的临床研究

目的:研究健脾益肾温阳法对妊娠早期亚临床甲状腺功能减退症患者的临床效果。方法:100例妊娠合并亚临床甲状腺功能减退患者随机分为对照组和观察组(各50例),对照组患者在常规治疗基础上给予左旋甲状腺素钠片治疗,观察组患者在对照组治疗基础上给予健脾益肾温阳方治疗,两组疗程均为3个月。于入院时和分娩前1周,采用电化学发光法测定甲状腺功能指标,包括TSH、FT3、FT4、抗甲状腺过氧化物酶自身抗体(TPOAb);观察并记录治疗过程中高血压、糖代谢异常、胆汁淤积并发症发生情况;观察并记录两组患者的妊娠结局,包括剖宫产、早产、产后出血、出生后低体质量和新生儿窒息;于新生儿出生后6个月,采用婴幼儿发育量表(BSID)评估新生儿发育情况。结果:分娩前1周,观察组TSH水平和TPOab阳性率显著低于对照组(P<0.05),FT3和FT4显著高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组孕妇高血压、糖代谢异常、胆汁淤积并发症发生率显著低于对照组(P<0.05);观察组剖宫产、早产、产后出血、胎儿生长受限、出生后低体质量和新生儿窒息发生率显著低于对照组(P<0.05);观察组婴儿BSID、MDI和PDI评分均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:健脾益肾温阳法可以有效改善妊娠亚临床甲状腺功能减退患者甲状腺功能,显著降低妊娠并发症发生率,降低妊娠不良结局,促进胎儿发育。

疏肝调脾法与温脾补肾法序贯治疗腹泻型肠易激综合征肝郁脾虚证躯体症状的远期疗效评价

目的:观察评价疏肝调脾法与温脾补肾法序贯治疗腹泻型肠易激综合征肝郁脾虚证的远期疗效。方法:腹泻型肠易激综合征(D-IBS)肝郁脾虚证患者90例,按随机数字表法分为3组:匹维溴铵+蒙脱石散组(西药对照组)、疏肝调脾组与序贯治疗组,每组患者30例。西药对照组给予匹维溴铵50 mg+蒙脱石散3 g,每日3次,疗程8周;疏肝调脾组治予疏肝调脾方,疗程8周;序贯治疗组前4周治法同疏肝调脾组,后4周治予温脾补肾方。3组在治疗前进行腹痛与腹胀、腹泻评分,治疗结束时、结束后3、6、12个月再进行症状评分及单症状与综合疗效评价。结果:治疗结束时,3组腹痛与腹胀评分及腹泻评分均显著低于治疗前(P<0.01);序贯治疗组的腹痛与腹胀评分显著低于西药对照组(P<0.05);疏肝调脾组与序贯治疗组的腹泻评分显著低于西药对照组(P<0.05或P<0.01);西药对照组、疏肝调脾组与序贯治疗组的综合疗效总有效率分别为60.0%、93.3%、96.7%,具有显著性差异(P<0.01);治疗结束后3月,疏肝调脾组与序贯治疗组的腹痛与腹胀、腹泻评分显著低于治疗前及西药对照组(P<0.01);西药对照组、疏肝调脾组与序贯治疗组的综合疗效总有效率分别为13.3%、80.0%、86.7%,具有显著性差异(P<0.01);治疗结束后6月,疏肝调脾组与序贯治疗组的腹痛与腹胀、腹泻评分显著低于治疗前及西药对照组(P<0.05或P<0.01);序贯治疗组的腹痛与腹胀、腹泻评分显著均低于疏肝调脾组(P<0.05或P<0.01);西药对照组、疏肝调脾组与序贯治疗组的综合疗效总有效率分别为6.7%、43.3%、90.0%,具有显著性差异(P<0.01);治疗结束后12月,序贯治疗组的腹痛与腹胀、腹泻评分显著均低于治疗前、西药对照组及疏肝调脾组(P<0.01);西药对照组、疏肝调脾组与序贯治疗组的综合疗效总有效率分别为0、0、66.7%,具有显著性差异(P<0.01)。结论:疏肝调脾法与温脾补肾法序贯治疗腹泻型肠易激综合征肝郁脾虚证具有良好的改善躯体症状的远期疗效。

温阳健脾法对慢传输型便秘模型大鼠结肠神经递质影响的研究

目的观察温阳健脾法对慢传输型便秘模型大鼠结肠神经递质5-HP、SP、VIP、NO、Ach表达的影响。方法运用泻药法复制便秘大鼠动物模型,观察大鼠的粪便粒数、重量和形态,并测定肠道运输功能以确定造模成功。采用温阳健脾的中药配方颗粒治疗,并与西药莫沙比利对照,免疫组化法观察肠神经递质5-HP、SP、VIP、NO、Ach的表达。结果温阳健脾法可增加便秘大鼠5-HP、SP、VIP、Ach表达,降低NO表达。结论大鼠便秘的发生可能与肠神经递质表达有关,中药温阳健脾法可以改变相关表达。

健脾温肾法治疗糖尿病神经源性膀胱

目的观察健脾温肾法治疗糖尿病神经源性膀胱的临床疗效。方法选择64例糖尿病神经源性膀胱病患者,随机分为治疗组和对照组,各32例。治疗组给予健脾温肾法组成的基本方(附子、肉桂、熟地黄、山药等)加减治疗;对照组给予西药甲苯卡巴胆碱口服,观察2组的临床疗效。结果治疗组总有效率为85.0%,高于对照组的46.9%,2组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论健脾温肾法治疗糖尿病神经源性膀胱,能提高患者的最大尿流速及膀胱排空率,减少残留尿,改善排尿症状及尿潴留。

温肾健脾方对腹泻型肠易激综合征大鼠CCK、MOT表达的影响

目的观察温肾健脾方对腹泻型肠易激综合征(IBS-D)大鼠结肠黏膜及回盲部黏膜层胆囊收缩素(CCK)、胃动素(MOT)表达的影响,从实验角度探索该方对IBS-D的疗效及作用机制。方法 48只大鼠随机分为正常组、模型组、温肾健脾方高剂量组、温肾健脾方中剂量组、温肾健脾方低剂量组和对照组等6组,各组8只。参照AL-Chaer造模方法建立IBS-D大鼠模型。造模结束后,治疗组分别予温肾健脾方免煎剂高、中、低剂量灌胃治疗,对照组予四神丸方免煎剂灌胃,模型组予等体积0.9%Na Cl溶液灌胃,给药2周。观察各组大鼠一般情况,并采用免疫组化法检测结肠黏膜及回盲部黏膜层CCK、MOT表达情况。结果治疗后各组大鼠一般情况均有不同程度的好转,温肾健脾方高、中剂量组大鼠的改善情况优于温肾健脾方低剂量组和对照组。与正常组比较,模型组大鼠结肠黏膜、回盲部黏膜层CCK、MOT表达升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,与模型组比较,温肾健脾方高、中剂量组及对照组大鼠结肠黏膜、回盲部CCK、MOT表达降低,温肾健脾方高、中剂量组结肠黏膜、回盲部CCK、MOT表达低于温肾健脾方低剂量组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);温肾健脾方高、中剂量组结肠黏膜、回盲部CCK表达低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论温肾健脾方对IBS-D大鼠有较好的治疗作用,其治疗机制可能是通过调控结肠黏膜、回盲部黏膜层CCK、MOT的表达而起到调节胃肠道激素的作用。

温阳法在《伤寒论》“三阳篇”中的应用探讨

目的:探讨温阳法在《伤寒论》"三阳篇"中的应用。方法:通过研读《伤寒论》总结"三阳篇"的临床应用。结果:《伤寒论》以六经辨证为纲领,其治法内容丰富,囊括了汗、吐、下、和、温、清、消、补八法,其温阳思想贯穿于始终。"三阳篇"中的温阳法涉及内容广泛,通过通胸阳以散阴霾,温脾阳以调枢机,壮肾阳以助气化,从而达到平衡阴阳以治阳虚的目的。结论:温阳法实为临床温法之祖,该理论目前广泛运用于临床各科,效果显著。

基于数据挖掘的《太平圣惠方》腰痛处方的用药规律分析

目的探讨《太平圣惠方》中治疗腰痛方剂组方用药规律及该书治疗腰痛的学术思想。方法收集《太平圣惠方》中治疗腰痛的方剂,建立腰痛方剂数据库,通过中医传承计算平台对方剂数据库进行用药频次、四气五味归经、用药功效、用药核心组合及关联规则和K-means聚类新处方等用药规律分析。结果共收集77首治疗腰痛的方剂,涉及中药108味,频次≥5次的中药有22味,前5位中药有肉桂、附子、牛膝、杜仲、木香;中药药性以温性为主;药味以甘、辛、苦为主;药物主要归肾、肝和脾经;用药功效以补虚、温里和活血化瘀类为主;药物组合排在前3位的是:肉桂,牛膝;肉桂,附子;肉桂,杜仲;9条药物关联规则;经过K-means聚类得到4首新方。结论《太平圣惠方》中治疗腰痛的处方主要以“温脾补益肝肾”为主,为临床腰痛的诊治提供了重要参考。